Review Guide Chapter 1: What is Biotechnology?

Directions: Answer the following questions in COMPLETE SENTENCES and on YOUR OWN PAPER.

  1. Define Biotechnology.
  2. List 4 examples of how we have manipulated organisms for centuries.
  3. Name 4 techniques that you will be learning in this class. (think back to day one but also look through your book)
  4. What does “DNA” stand for?
  5. What is the monomer of DNA?
  6. What are the 3 parts of that monomer?
  7. GMOs stands for ______.
  8. EPA stands for ______.
  9. USDA stands for ______.

To take a look at some of the biotechnology products on the market today and their uses to fill in the blanksbelow(referenceTable 1.1 pg. 13)

  1. Roundup Ready® Soybeans: (COMPANY)
  2. AlferonNIjection: (APPLICATION)
  3. Bollgard® II cotton: (APPLICATION)
  4. Blood clotting agent: (PRODUCT)
  5. Red blood cell production: (PRODUCT NAME) and (COMPANY NAME)
  6. Vaccine for treating hepatitis B: (PRODUCT NAME) and (COMPANY NAME)
  1. What did the Human Genome Project accomplish?
  2. Define biochemistry.
  3. Define molecular biology.
  4. What is the difference between moral and ethics?
  5. What are the steps of the scientific method?
  6. Do you have to follow these steps in order? (Is the scientific method more like a cycle rather than a rigid flow chart?) Explain
  7. How is research conducted for biotechnology products?
  8. How do you get funding for biotechnology research?
  9. What does NIH and CDC stand for?
  10. What are 4 fields of study where biotechnology can be applied. Give an example of how it was used in that particular field.
  1. Name the 4 domains of biotechnology and list the area that you chose to write about in your first current event summary.
  2. Define bioethics.
  3. What is the “strategies for values clarification”? (Define the steps that would be used to determine if embryonic stem cells should be used for genetic research)
  1. What are the 3 government agencies that regulate the biotechnology industry? (know the areas they oversee—you may want to write them down)
  1. Why do valid experiments contain many trials repeating the same version of an experiment? (section 1.4)
  2. Name two ways that scientists share their experimental results with other scientists. (section 1.4)
  3. Scientific positions in most biotechnology companies fall into one of four categories. List them.
  4. Give an example of an event that might lead a lab employee to be faced with an ethical issue.

34. Match each of the descriptions or examples below with one of the five steps in the approach to scientific methodology presented in this chapter (section 1.4).

a. Scientific question

b. Hypothesis

c. Experimental plan

d. Experimentation

e. Data analysis and reporting

___Collect numerical data

___Create graphs of averaged data

___Ask a question that is testable

___Repeat trials

___Try to answer questions based on the experience of others

___Answer questions based on data collected during a valid experiment

___Step-by-step instructions of how to test a scientific question

35. When writing a conclusion, technicians use the “REE, PE, PA” method to ensure that all important data,evidence, and applications are discussed. Explain the meanings of the terms represented by “REE”, “PE”, and“PA.” (see pg. 22 in your textbook)

Using your timeline worksheet answer the following questions (key for timeline will be posted on-line so you can check your answers)

  1. When are proteins discovered?
  2. When was penicillin discovered?
  3. What happened in 1953?
  4. When was mRNA discovered?
  5. What happened in 1971?
  6. What did Chinese scientists do in 1981?
  7. What did Congress fund in 1988?
  8. When was the Human Genome Project launched and when was it completed?
  9. The use of what kind of enzymes allows scientists to cut and paste pieces of DNAtogether to form recombinant DNA (rDNA)? (section 1-2)
  1. BIOETHICS: Consider this scenario: You work for a company that has developed an AIDS drug that can prevent transmissionof HIV from an infected mother to a nursing baby in 990 of 1000 cases. However, in 10 out of 1000 cases, thedrug causes a severe reaction and possibly death to the mother or the baby. Scientists want to conduct Phase IIIclinical trials in an area of Africa where the incidence of AIDS has doubled each year for the past 5 years. As acompany employee, you are a member of a committee deciding whether or not to support and fund the trial.

Use the Strategy for Values Clarification model to determine the position you will take when meeting with thecommittee on this issue.

Your answer should include information on the following:

a. A statement of the problem or issue.

b. A list of possible solutions to the issue.

c. A list of the pros and cons of adopting each solution, ranked from best to worst.

d. Based on the pros and cons of each solution, rank all solutions from best to worst.

e. A statement of position and the reason for it.

  1. How do you make corrections in your laboratory notebook?
  2. What do you do if you paste a document into your notebook?
  3. After each entry in your notebook, what do you have to do at the bottom of each page? (two things)
  4. What is pasted in the inside cover and back cover of your lab notebook?
  5. Can you rip pages out of your lab notebook? What is the only written tool that can be used in your lab notebook?