Exam Review: Part III
Who was Napoleon? – general who took over France at the end of the French Revolution (1799) and built a French Empire across Europe
What was the ultimate goal of Simon Bolivar? – to liberate South America from Spanish control and unite the continent into a single country (Gran Colombia)
Despite the fact that Latin American states became independent, why are the Latin revolutions generally considered to be failures? – they did nothing to change the lives of the poor in their countries
What industrialization problem worried Karl Marx the most? – the divide between the super-rich factory owners and the super-poor factory workers
Why was child labor in factories a problem? – factories were dangerous places to work
What is an assembly line?– a cheaper and faster way of producing goods by training workers to each specialize in one task
What is a monopoly? – when one company controls an entire industry without any competition
What is imperialism? – when one nation takes over other weaker nations and exploits them for their resources
How did industrialization lead to imperialism? – factories needed more natural resources
How did imperialism affect African economies? – Africa became economically dependent on Europe
What is Social Darwinism? – the belief that some people are “more fit” to survive than others; usually associated with racism
How did the unification of Germany upset the balance of power in Europe? – the new German state was economically and militarily one of the most powerful in Europe
What were some of the major inventions of the late 19th century? – electric lighting, cars, airplanes, telephone
What were the MAIN causes of WWI? – Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism
What was the Zimmermann Telegram? – an attempt by Germany to get Mexico to attack the US during WWI
How was Germany punished at the end of WWI? – took blame for the war, lost territory, no military, paid war reparations to winners
How did WWI lead to the Russian Revolution? – heavy losses during the war caused people to want a new government
What countries were broken up at the end of WWI? – Russian Empire, Germany, Austro-Hungarian Empire, Ottoman Empire
What was the purpose of Wilson’s Fourteen Points? – to end WWI and prevent any future wars
What is civil disobedience?– refusal to follow laws which are unfair or that discriminate against people (Gandhi, Martin Luther King, Jr.)