Figure S1. Average and standard deviations of pH in triplicate cores as a function of depth and time for (A) fall control, (B) fall 5 g/L NaCl, (C) fall 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O, (D) spring control, (E) spring 5 g/L NaCl, (F) spring 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O, and (G) spring 1 g/L CaCl2·2H2O.

Figure S2. Average and standard deviations of alkalinity in triplicate cores as a function of depth and time for (A) fall control, (B) fall 5 g/L NaCl, (C) fall 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O, (D) spring control, (E) spring 5 g/L NaCl, (F) spring 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O, and (G) spring 1 g/L CaCl2·2H2O.

Figure S3. Average and standard deviations of dissolved ammonia in triplicate cores as a function of depth and time for (A) fall control, (B) fall 5 g/L NaCl, (C) fall 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O, (D) spring control, (E) spring 5 g/L NaCl, (F) spring 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O, and (G) spring 1 g/L CaCl2·2H2O.

Figure S4. Average and standard deviations of dissolved phosphate in triplicate cores as a function of depth and time for (A) fall control, (B) fall 5 g/L NaCl, and (C) fall 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O.

Figure S5. Average and standard deviations of dissolved Fe(II) in triplicate cores as a function of depth and time for (A) fall control, (B) fall 5 g/L NaCl, (C) fall 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O, (D) spring control, (E) spring 5 g/L NaCl, (F) spring 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O, and (G) spring 1 g/L CaCl2·2H2O.

Figure S6. Average and standard deviations of dissolved Mn(II) in triplicate cores as a function of depth and time for (A) fall control, (B) fall 5 g/L NaCl, (C) fall 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O, (D) spring control, (E) spring 5 g/L NaCl, (F) spring 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O, and (G) spring 1 g/L CaCl2·2H2O.

Figure S7. Average and standard deviations of sulfate in triplicate cores as a function of depth and time for (A) fall control, (B) fall 5 g/L NaCl, and (C) fall 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O.

Figure S8. Average and standard deviations of sulfide in triplicate cores as a function of depth and time for (A) fall control, (B) fall 5 g/L NaCl, and (C) fall 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O.

Figure S9. Average and standard deviations of dissolved Ca in triplicate cores as a function of depth and time for (A) fall control, (B) fall 5 g/L NaCl, (C) spring control, and (D) spring 5 g/L NaCl.

Figure S10. Average and standard deviations of dissolved Mg in triplicate cores as a function of depth and time for (A) fall control, (B) fall 5 g/L NaCl, (C) fall 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O, (D) spring control, (E) spring 5 g/L NaCl, (F) spring 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O, and (G) spring 1 g/L CaCl2·2H2O.

Figure S11. Average and standard deviations of dissolved K in triplicate cores as a function of depth and time for (A) fall control, (B) fall 5 g/L NaCl, (C) fall 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O, (D) spring control, (E) spring 5 g/L NaCl, (F) spring 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O, and (G) spring 1 g/L CaCl2·2H2O.

Figure S12. Average and standard deviations of dissolvd Na in triplicate cores as a function of depth and time for (A) fall control, (B) fall 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O, (C) spring control, (D) spring 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O, and (E) spring 1 g/L CaCl2·2H2O.

Figure S13. Average and standard deviations of % organic matter in triplicate cores as a function of depth and time for (A) fall control, (B) fall 5 g/L NaCl, and (C) fall 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O.

Figure S14. Fe associated with exchangeable, carbonate, reducible and oxidizable fractions as a function of depth for (A) fall, initial control, (B) fall control 30 days, (C) fall control 65 days, (D) fall control 100 days, (E) spring, initial control, (F) spring control 30 days, (G) spring control 65 days and (H) spring control 100 days.

Figure S15. Fe associated with exchangeable, carbonate, reducible and oxidizable fractions as a function of depth for (A) fall, initial control, (B) fall 5 g/L NaCl 30 days, (C) fall 5 g/L NaCl 65 days, (D) fall 5 g/L NaCl 100 days, (E) spring, initial control, (F) spring 5 g/L NaCl 30 days, (G) spring 5 g/L NaCl 65 days and (H) spring 5 g/L NaCl 100 days.

Figure S16. Fe associated with exchangeable, carbonate, reducible and oxidizable fractions as a function of depth for (A) fall, initial control, (B) fall 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O 30 days, (C) fall 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O 65 days, (D) fall 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O 100 days, (E) spring, initial control, (F) spring 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O 30 days, (G) spring 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O 65 days, (H) spring 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O 100 days, (I) spring initial control, (J) spring 1 g/L CaCl2·2H2O 30 days, (K) spring 1 g/L CaCl2·2H2O 65 days and (L) spring 1 g/L CaCl2·2H2O 100 days.

Figure S17. Mn associated with exchangeable, carbonate, reducible and oxidizable fractions as a function of depth for (A) fall, initial control, (B) fall control 30 days, (C) fall control 65 days, (D) fall control 100 days, (E) spring, initial control, (F) spring control 30 days, (G) spring control 65 days and (H) spring control 100 days.

Figure S18. Mn associated with exchangeable, carbonate, reducible and oxidizable fractions as a function of depth for (A) fall, initial control, (B) fall 5 g/L NaCl 30 days, (C) fall 5 g/L NaCl 65 days, (D) fall 5 g/L NaCl 100 days, (E) spring, initial control, (F) spring 5 g/L NaCl 30 days, (G) spring 5 g/L NaCl 65 days and (H) spring 5 g/L NaCl 100 days.

Figure S19. Mn associated with exchangeable, carbonate, reducible and oxidizable fractions as a function of depth for (A) fall, initial control, (B) fall 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O 30 days, (C) fall 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O 65 days, (D) fall 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O 100 days, (E) spring, initial control, (F) spring 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O 30 days, (G) spring 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O 65 days, (H) spring 5 g/L CaCl2·2H2O 100 days, (I) spring initial control, (J) spring 1 g/L CaCl2·2H2O 30 days, (K) spring 1 g/L CaCl2·2H2O 65 days and (L) spring 1 g/L CaCl2·2H2O 100 days.