Electronic supplementary material. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study patients included during the period P5
Control(n=337) / Program(n=401)Age, year; mean (SD) / 62 (17) / 63 (16)
Male gender, n (%) / 226 (67%) / 252 (63%)
SAPS II scorea, mean (SD) / 37.5(17.1) / 35.4 (16.1)
Knaus scoreb,n (%)
Normal health status / 79 (23%) / 89 (22%)
Moderate activity limitation / 151 (45%) / 202 (50%)
Severe activity limitation due to chronic disease / 102 (30%) / 103 (26%)
Bedridden patient / 5 (1%) / 7 (2%)
McCabe classificationb, n (%)
Nonfatal disease / 232 (69%) / 279 (70%)
Ultimately fatal disease / 91 (27%) / 97 (24%)
Rapidly fatal disease / 14 (4%) / 25 (6%)
Reason for ICU admissionb, n (%)
Surgical (emergency) / 70 (21%) / 65 (16%)
Surgical (scheduled) / 99 (29%) / 155 (39%)
Nonsurgical / 168 (50%) / 181 (46%)
Polytrauma patients, n (%) / 23 (7%) / 20 (5%)
ICU hospitalization for drug overdose, n (%) / 4 (1%) / 11 (3%)
ICU hospitalization during peripartum, n (%) / 3 (1%) / 1 (0%)
Location before admissionb, n (%)
Emergency department / 89 (26%) / 59 (15%)
Operating theater or postoperative recovery room / 26 (8%) / 11 (3%)
Hospital floor (or ward) / 66 (20%) / 62 (15%)
Another ICU / 19 (6%) / 7 (3%)
Intermediate care unit / 6 (2%) / 11 (2%)
Other / 7 (2%) / 12 (3%)
Category of main diagnosisb, n (%)
Respiratory / 89 (26%) / 59 (15%)
Cardiovascular / 26 (8%) / 11 (3%)
Gastrointestinal or liver / 13 (4%) / 21 (5%)
Renal / 11 (3%) / 25 (6%)
Neurologic / 10 (3%) / 20 (5%)
Hematologic or oncologic / 8 (2%) / 1 (0%)
Metabolic / 9 (3%) / 5 (1%)
Other medical category / 14 (4%) / 45 (11%)
Gastrointestinal or urological surgery / 53 (16%) / 66 (16%)
Cardiovascular surgery with ECC / 28 (8%) / 86 (21%)
Cardiovascular surgery without ECC / 7 (2%) / 15 (4%)
Neurosurgery / 3 (1%) / 8 (2%)
Orthopedic surgery / 13 (4%) / 13 (3%)
Thoracic surgery / 32 (9%) / 4 (1%)
Other surgical category / 21 (6%) / 22 (5%)
Days in ICU, median (IQR) / 5 (4-9) / 5 (3-7)
Mechanical ventilation, n (%) / 171 (51%) / 244 (61%)
Days of mechanical ventilationc, median (IQR) / 2 (1-6) / 1 (1-3)
Non invasive ventilation, n (%) / 110 (33%) / 124 (31%)
Days of non invasive ventilationc, median (IQR) / 3 (2-5) / 3 (2-4)
Catecholamines, n (%) / 152 (45%) / 158 (39%)
Days of cathecholaminesc, median (IQR) / 2 (1-4) / 2 (2-3)
Renal replacement therapy, n (%) / 27 (8%) / 36 (9%)
Days of renal replacement therapyc, median (IQR) / 3 (2-6) / 2 (1-5)
ECMO, n (%) / 3 (1%) / 1 (0%)
Days of ECMOc, median (IQR) / 9 (5-11) / 10 (10-10)
SAPS Simplified Acute Physiology Score, ICU Intensive care unit,
ECC Extracorporeal circulation,ECMO Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
aSAPS II score may range from 0 to 156, with higher scores indicating more severe illness
bPercentages might not total to 100% because of rounding
cMedian (IQR) of days of treatment are calculated only for treated patients due organ dysfunction, i.e., patients undergoing mechanical ventilation, noninvasive ventilation, renal replacement therapy, or extracorporeal oxygenation or those receiving catecholamines during ICU hospitalization