Classification and diversity of living organisms
Concept and use of a classificatory system
§ define and describe the binomial system of naming species and classify the five main classes of vertebrates using visible, external characteristic features only
Classification makes the ______of living organisms easier. It involves the sorting of organisms into ______according the to ______they have in common. The biggest group is the ______.
There are 5 kingdoms
§ ______- Very small and single-celled, with cell walls but not nucleus (they do have simple DNA)
§ ______- Single celled with a nucleus
§ ______- Cell walls contain chitin, with a nucleus
§ ______- Multicellular organisms, can make food through photosynthesis
§ ______- Multicellular, have to obtain food
Each Kingdom is divided into smaller groups
§ P______
§ C______
§ O______
§ F______
§ G______
§ S______
Binomial System
The system of classifying organisms uses two names - ______and ______- which are written in ______.
The genus name always has a ______letter
§ e.g. Panthera leo lion
Adaptations of organisms to their environment, to be illustrated by examples wherever possible
§ list the main features used in the classification of the following groups: flowering plants (monocotyledons and dicotyledons), arthropods (insects, crustaceans, arachnids and myriapods), annelids, nematodes and molluscs, using visible, external characteristic features only
§ list the main features used in the classification of the following groups: viruses, bacteria and fungi, and their adaptation to the environment, as appropriate
Classification of vertebrates
§ vertebrates are animals with a ______
§ vertebrates are divided into 5 classes
Vertebrate class / visible external Features /Fish
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
Mammals
Classification of Arthropods
§ They are ______- They have no backbone
§ They have and ______which is waterproof
§ Their bodies are ______
§ They have ______limbs
Class / Example / External features /Insects
Arachnids
Crustaceans
Myriapods
Classification of other groups of invertebrates
Class / Example / External features /Annelids
nematodes
Molluscs
Classification of viruses, bacteria and fungi
Viruses, e.g. HIV
§ Very small
§ NOT ______
§ Contain a strand of DNA or RNA
§ Surrounded by a ______(capsid)
§ Only life process they show is ______(inside host cells)
Bacteria e.g. E. coli
§ Small
§ Cell wall, cell membrane and cytoplasm
§ No ______, DNA is a single coil
§ Some have a slime capsule
§ Some have ______(for movement)
Fungi e.g. Mucor
§ Multicellular fungi are composed of ______
§ Cell walls made of cellulose or chitin
§ Do not ______
§ Some produce spores
Classification of flowering plants
Key features
§ Multicellular organisms
§ ______cell walls and sap vacuoles
§ Roots, stems and leaves
§ Some cells contain ______
§ Two groups
o Monocotyledons
o Dicotyledons
§ The term ______means “seed leaf”
FEATURE / MONOCOTYLEDON / DICOTYLEDONLeaf Shape
Leaf veins
Cotyledons
(seed leaf)
Grouping of flower parts / In threes / In fives