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1Special thanks to Dr. Manley Begay Jr. who offered extensive comments on this study and served as a liaison between myself and Dine Policy Institute. This project was originally turned in as a graduate seminar paper for Dr. Begay on May 12, 2008. All errors remain my own.

2There is a marked contrast between the way Dine citizens reflect legitimacy upon their own governance structures and the way the U.S. reflects its recognition (legitimacy) of Dine governance structures. Dine governance was recognized by the U.S. in the 1850 and the 1869 treaties. Certain Dine leaders were selected by U.S. officials for reasons independent of Dine legitimacy and recognition of said leaders. Rather, individual Dine people were selected by the U.S. to be leaders for the purposes of recognition based on the individual’s friendliness toward U.S. interests. As such, the recognition of any post 1922 Dine governance structure should not be construed as relating to the wishes of the Dine people of those respective eras, (Wilkins 1987).

3Some research indicates that 6 war and peace Naataanii were in required to attend. See Wilkins, David. 1987. Diné bibeehaz*áanii : a handbook of Navajo government. Tsaile, Ariz.: NavajoCommunity College Press.

4For more information on a systematic approach to conceptual stretching and a discussion of the “ladder of abstraction” see Sartori, Giovanni. 1970. "Concept Misformation in Comparative Politics." American Political Science Review 64:1033-1053. Sartori is the academic ancestor to Goertz (2006).

5Recall how Table 2 depicted war Naataanii in vague terms. Once again, lack of information was the problem. Note here, however, that secrecy is not really at work. Rather, it is more likely that the 1922 Council was set up hastily with very little to observe.

6See Lukes, Steven. 2005. Power : a radical view. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. for a lengthy discussion on the presence of power domination in legislative bodies. Briefly, when legislative bodies control the rules for participation, such bodies can be dominated by its own elite members. With a majority of members sharing a U.S. interest, it would be easy to prevent issues relevant to Dine citizens from ever being discussed. Such a scenario is described by Lukes as a form of the “second dimensional view” of power domination.

75 One exception involves a riot in 1989 at Window Rock in which several Dine people were injured or killed, Wilkins, David. 2002a. "Governance within the Navajo Nation: Have Democratic traditions taken Hold?" Wicazo Sa Review 17:91-129.

8Ibid. Consider the belief by some Dine people that the appearance of the Hantavirus in 1993 and the appearance of Dine deities to an elderly Dine woman in 1996 must be interpreted as a warning that modern Dine people have drifted too far away from traditional Dine values. Without a shift toward traditional Dine values more generally, it is believed that severe consequences are imminent.

9 See Wilkins, David E. 2003. The Navajo political experience. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littefield. regarding the Judicial, Executive, and Legislative Branch to deal with a shifting concept of what is international as opposed to some type of domestic dependent nation interaction.

10Other research on the connection between modern day Chapters and traditional local governance structures indicates that there is similarity but there are also differences. See Nielsen and Zion 2005 for more information.