Name ______
1. Ageism, or prejudice about late adulthood, is common among people:
a.in early adulthood.c.in late adulthood.
b.in undeveloped nations.d.of all ages.
2. In general, the ______are aged 60 to 75.
a.young-old
b.old-old
c.old-old and oldest-old
d.oldest-old
3. About one percent of people in their 70s and ten percent of those in their 90s have:
a.glaucoma.
b.macular degeneration.
c.osteoporosis.
d.cataracts.
4. ______is a better predictor of cognition than ______is.
a.Memory; age
b.Health; age
c.Age; health
d.Health; memory
5. Processing information in the conscious mind is to ______memory as knowledge base is to ______memory.
a.implicit; explicit
b.explicit; implicit
c.long-term; working
d.working; long-term
6. Research on late-adulthood cognitive decline has led scientists:
a.to agree that cognitive decline begins at age 60.
b.to have no conclusion about whether late adults have any cognitive impairment.
c.to differ on exactly when cognition declines.
d.to agree that cognitive decline begins at age 80 for some abilities.
7. The specific illnesses that become more common with aging are referred to as:
a.secondary aging.
b.senescence.
c.tertiary aging.
d.primary aging.
8. A series of ministrokes is called:
a.delirium.
b.dementia strokes.
c.MIAs.
d.TIAs.
9. ______affects parts of the brain that regulate emotion, causing compassion and self-awareness to fade.
a.Alzheimer disease
b.Frontal lobe dementia
c.Multi-infarct dementia
d.Vascular dementia
10. ______is a buildup of fluid within the eye.
a.Glaucoma
b.Cataracts
c. Osteoporosis
d. Macular degeneration
11. For humans, the maximum life span is approximately ______years.
a.135
b.122
c.116
d.108
12. In 2012, the average life expectancy for women in the U.S. was ____ years.
a.85
b.76
c.81
d.88
13. Most people over age 70 believe that they are:
a.incapable of having an active sex life.
b.merely waiting to die.
c.doing well compared to others of their age.
d.healthier than they were in their 40s.
14. By the year 2050, it is estimated that people over age 65 will make up ______of the world's population.
a.8 percent
b.10 percent
c.16 percent
d.3 percent
15. Which country has the highest percentage of people over age 65?
a.Great Britainc.Canada
b. Japand.Australia
16. The practice of limiting dietary intake for the purpose of improving health and slowing down the aging process is called:
a.overeating.
b.calorie indulgence.
c.anorexia nervosa.
d.calorie restriction.
17. ______is a better predictor of cognition than ______is.
a.Health; age
b.Memory; age
c.Age; health
d.Health; memory
18. The conscious processing and temporary storage of information best describes the:
a.long-term memory.
b.working memory.
c.sensory register.
d.sensory threshold.
19. The fact that older adults have difficulty gathering and considering all relevant information with which to make a decision can be explained by:
a.a shrinking prefrontal cortex.
b.information overload in the prefrontal cortex.
c.None of these answers is correct.
d.forgetting to use their logical analytic skills.
20. Wisdom is increased by:
a.All of these answers are correct.
b.chronological age.
c.experiences and practice in dealing with life's problems.
d.intelligence.
Chapter 15
1. Positivity effect is an example of:
a.selective compensation.
b.selective optimization with compensation.
c.stratification.
d.identity accommodation.
2. Older people being segregated from younger groups into their own living arrangements and social activities is an example of:
a.consignment.c.ageism.
b.apparition.d.a condition of a primitive society.
3. Research shows that, in general, older adults who remain active:
a.live longer.c.are more satisfied with their lives.
b.All of these answers are correct.d.have a better quality of life.
4. Lack of participation in volunteering by the elderly can be attributed to:
a.lack of recruitment by organizations.
b.their concern with their own needs.
c.All of these answers are correct.
d.ageism.
5. Religious faith correlates with reduced risk of illness in the elderly because faith:
a.encourages people to have a healthier lifestyle.
b.prevents illnesses.
c.All of these answers are correct.
d.speeds recovery in the seriously ill.
6. The largest organized political group in the world is ______, with ______million members.
a.AARP; 10
b.NORC; five
c.AARP; 35
d.NORC; 20
7. Friends, family members, and acquaintances who move through life with an individual are called a:
a.group of support.
b.life journey.
c.social convenience.
d.social convoy.
8. Conflict between older and younger adults is more likely in ______relationships than in ______ones.
a.emotionally close; distant
b.geographically close; distant
c.emotionally distant; close
d.geographically distant; close
9. A longitudinal study by Gans and Silverstein found ____ evidence that recent changes in family structure ____ the sense of filial responsibility.
a.no; increase
b.some; increase
c.some; reduce
d.no; reduce
10. In Asian nations, parents depend more on ______for support in old age.
a.their grandchildrenc.the government
b.their sons and daughters-in-lawd.their daughters
11. The risk for elder abuse may occur when:
a.emotional problems or substance abuse is present in the caregiver.
b.there is resentment and social isolation.
c.the elder person becomes more frail and difficult to care for.
d.All of these answers are correct.
12. A possible living arrangement for an elderly person who is not self-sufficient is:
a.a skilled nursing facility.
b.to age in place with family help.
c.an assisted-living facility with some medical supervision.
d.All of these answers are correct.
13. Older adults seeking to integrate their unique experiences with their vision of community is the definition of:
a.All of these answers are correct.
b.identity versus role confusion.
c.integrity versus despair.
d.the final stage of Maslow's developmental sequence.
14. Preserving the self is crucial to older adults. This explains such behaviors as:
a.encouraging their grandchildren to repeat family rituals and prayers.
b.All of these answers are correct.
c.resisting a move to a new dwelling.
d.compulsive hoarding.
15. A major problem with retirement is that:
a.people have not planned how to manage their finances.
b.people have not planned how to spend their retirement time.
c.people retire too early.
d.older adults spend most of their time in seclusion, not being able to adjust.
16. Long-term marriages are generally characterized by:
a.people who are healthier and wealthier but not necessarily happier than unmarried people their age.
b.people who are healthier, wealthier, and happier than unmarried people their age.
c.couples who are healthier, wealthier, and happier than long-term gay couples.
d.people who are less happy than younger married people.
17. Conflict between older and younger adults is more likely in ______relationships than in ______ones.
a.emotionally distant; close
b.emotionally close; distant
c.geographically distant; close
d.geographically close; distant
18. The best definition of the frail elderly are people:
a.who have suffered heart attacks and strokes.
b.over the age of 85 who may be living independently.
c.over the age of 85 who are infirm, very ill, or cognitively impaired.
d.over the age of 85 who need to live in assisted-living arrangements.
19. When searching for a quality long-term nursing facility, one should look for:
a.None of these answers is correct.
b.arrangements that provide independence and privacy for the residents.
c.a clean-smelling facility.
d.a large number of staff members.
Epilogue
1. An important function of the mourning process is to:
a.allow expression of grief publicly.
b.take one's mind off the loss of a loved one.
c.allow a private expression of pain following a death.
d.identify a point of blame for the death.
2. Estelle's husband was flying a small plane when it disappeared above a wooded mountainside. His body was never recovered. In this loss, it is likely that Estelle is experiencing:
a.incomplete grief.
b.disenfranchised grief.
c.absent grief.
d.mourning.
3. Melina's father just died. She was very close to him, and simply cannot face the reality of his death. To those around her, it appears that Melina is not grieving at all. Melina is experiencing _____ grief.
a.complicated
b.absent
c.disenfranchised
d.incomplete
4. Which of the following statements about living wills is TRUE?
a.Even the most extensive living will cannot answer every question that may emerge.
b.Low-income individuals are especially likely to have a living will.
c.Living wills enable health care professionals to make decisions exactly as the patient would have wanted.
d.Family members may override a living will.
5. A person whom a dying person designates to make his or her medical decisions is a(n):
a.hospice worker.
b.health care proxy.
c.attorney.
d.adult child.
6. A living will is written to identify:
a.that no attempt should be made to revive the person if they stop breathing.
b.and pass along important family stories.
c.what medical intervention should be used if the person not conscious when a decision needs to be made.
d.the way property should be divided among heirs.
7. A DNR order:
a.allows a natural death.
b.can be used only by hospice workers.
c.is illegal in most U.S. states.
d.is not available to the terminally ill.
8. The average person today lives ______as long as the average person did a century ago.
a.four timesc.just about
b.three timesd.twice
9. Opiates have a double effect, meaning that they both:
a.fight many infections and slow respiration.
b.relieve pain and slow respiration.
c.relieve pain and fight many infections.
d.reduce sedation and cause delirium.
10. The goal of palliative care is to:
a.relieve patients from pain and suffering.
b.treat advanced-stage diseases by any means possible.
c.study the experience of the dying.
d.treat terminal illnesses.
11. Researchers who have subsequently investigated Kübler-Ross's stages have found that:
a.some stages disappear and reappear.
b.most people only experience one of the stages before dying.
c.none of the stages she described appear in modern deaths.
d.everyone, regardless of culture, moves through the stages in the order she identified.
12. Mrs. Cannon has been diagnosed as terminally ill, but she insists that she will recover and believes that her laboratory results were mixed up or misinterpreted. Kübler-Ross would say that Mrs. Cannon is in the stage of:
a.denial. b.acceptance.
c.bargaining. d.depression.
13. Across cultures, a result of near-death experiences is:
a.a loss of the will to live.
b.scientific data on what happens to the dead.
c.an increased fear of death.
d.a sense of hopefulness.
14. Themes around death that occur in all of the known ancient cultures include all of the following EXCEPT:
a.All dead bodies must be buried in the ground.
b.Actions in life impact what happens after death.
c.An afterlife exists.
d.Mourners respond to death with a set of rituals.
15. The fact that more people fear flying than driving illustrates that attitudes about death tend to be:
a.largely informed by statistics.
b.focused on the changes that individuals should make in order to live longer lives.
c.largely irrational.
d.major factors in our selection of transit.