Test to Cover Everything We Have to Cover

TEST TO COVER EVERYTHING WE HAVE TO COVER

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1.Realignment

a. / is of necessity tied to specific elections.
b. / takes place when a substantial group of voters switches party allegiance.
c. / takes place when one dominant party replaces another one.
d. / took place on schedule in 2004.
e. / has been predicted as an inevitability in the foreseeable future.

2.Rewarding faithful party workers with government employment is called

a. / going public.
b. / pork.
c. / patronage.
d. / executive privilege.
e. / civil service.

3.The United States has a dual court system. There are

a. / civil courts and criminal courts.
b. / misdemeanor and felony courts.
c. / state courts and local courts.
d. / state courts and federal courts.
e. / district courts and territorial courts.

4.In the early years, most of the disputes over the boundaries of national versus state power involved

a. / different interpretations of the inherent powers of the national government.
b. / the role of the national government in mediating disputes between the states.
c. / the ability of the states to enter into international treaties.
d. / the enforcement of the Bill of Rights.
e. / the necessary and proper clause and the powers of the national government to regulate interstate commerce.

5.The section of the Constitution in which Congress is given the authority to regulate trade among the states and with foreign countries is called

a. / the oversight clause.
b. / the commerce clause.
c. / the supremacy clause.
d. / the necessary and proper clause.
e. / the interstate compact clause.

6.The concept of federal mandates refers to

a. / requirements in federal legislation that force states to comply with certain rules.
b. / officials who are assistants to United States District Attorneys.
c. / judicial officers whose positions were created by legislative action under Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution.
d. / those powers that the Constitution reserves exclusively for the national government.
e. / formula grants.

7.The Fourteenth Amendment

a. / established the supremacy doctrine.
b. / codified the right to privacy.
c. / began to apply the Bill of Rights to the states.
d. / protects individuals' freedom of religion.
e. / abolished slavery.

8.Campus speech codes

a. / have usually been ruled unconstitutional.
b. / have generally been upheld by the courts.
c. / have generally been limited to symbolic speech.
d. / almost never gain the support of the affected students.
e. / typically ignore the danger of "hate speech."

9.All of the following statements about "partial birth abortion" are true except

a. / it is a procedure that physicians call "intact dilation and extraction."
b. / individual states have not tried to ban the practice.
c. / according to its opponents, it has no medical merit.
d. / its defenders argue that the government should never ban specific medical procedures.
e. / Congress has passed legislation banning the procedure, unless the mother’s life was in jeopardy..

10.The quest to achieve school integration resulted in

a. / "white flight" from the suburbs to the inner cities.
b. / violence in several cities throughout the nation over the issue of busing.
c. / a determination by the Supreme Court that busing could not be used to achieve racial balance in school districts.
d. / a guarantee that students could always attend the closest neighborhood school.
e. / Chief Justice Earl Warren being impeached and removed from the United States Supreme Court.

11.____ passed "English-only" laws, making English the official language.

a. / Congress
b. / About half of the states
c. / Every state in the United States
d. / The states bordering on Mexico
e. / Only one state, California,

12.Citizens eighteen years or older received a constitutional right to vote in part because

a. / they could drink alcoholic beverages at that age.
b. / they could sign binding contracts at that age.
c. / they could work for the federal government in many capacities.
d. / they could be drafted into the military at that age.
e. / they had the right to marry at that age.

13.On issues dealing with social-welfare and civil liberties, African Americans tend to be more

a. / Republican than whites.
b. / liberal than whites.
c. / politically active than whites.
d. / conservative than whites.
e. / irreligious than whites.

14.The survey researchers decide how many persons of certain types they need in a survey and then send out interviewers to find the necessary number of these types in

a. / quota sampling.
b. / random sampling.
c. / patchwork quilt sampling.
d. / picket fence sampling.
e. / existential sampling.

15.Which of the following is true?

a. / The presence of so many Web sites that conduct polls has added to the efforts of pollsters to use the Internet scientifically.
b. / Americans today don't want to be bothered with unwanted telephone polls nor do they want to be exposed to the reports of polling results.
c. / The media are careful to disregard nonscientific polls and to report on only scientifically conducted surveys.
d. / Every media outlet that maintains a Web site allows anyone to submit his or her opinions.
e. / The presence of so many polls on the Internet is believed to encourage Americans to regard polling as valuable, reliable and essential.

16.All of the following statements about public employee unions are true except

a. / They include AFSCME, the AFT, and the NEA.
b. / They have become increasingly important since the 1960s.
c. / They are often quite militant.
d. / They typically enjoy the right to strike.
e. / They include police officers, fire fighters, teachers, and college instructors.

17.The process of giving legislators a score based on the percentage of times he or she votes favorably on legislation of concern to the interest group is called

a. / campaign assistance.
b. / legislator evaluation.
c. / interest group ratings.
d. / lobbying.
e. / power rankings.

18.Legislation to reform the regulation of federal lobbying in 1995 resulted in all of the following except

a. / lobbyists were forced to register.
b. / lobbyists had to produce semiannual reports.
c. / religious groups had to register as lobbyists.
d. / a lobbyist was defined as someone who spent more than 20 percent of his or her working time lobbying Congress or the executive branch.
e. / an accompanying move was made to limit gifts to members of Congress.

19.During the late 1960s

a. / economically liberal, socially conservative voters left the Republican Party.
b. / the Democrats gained strength in the South.
c. / the Republican ascendancy came to an end.
d. / Republicans gained a majority in Congress.
e. / urban riots and anti-Vietnam War protests pushed many voters towards conservatism.

20.Local party organizations are still important to local campaigns today because

a. / they provide foot soldiers for political campaigns.
b. / local party leaders are influential in determining the party's candidates for national elections.
c. / national parties are dependent on money from the local party leaders.
d. / the local party leaders control social services.
e. / they receive substantial coverage in the media.

21.Which of the following is true?

a. / The Green Party dates back to the 1800s and supports globalism while opposing extensive governmental activity.
b. / The Libertarian Party was formed by a group that broke away from the Socialist Party.
c. / The Libertarian Party is a left-of-center, pro-environmental party
d. / The Socialist Party was an example of a party with strong ideological foundations and beliefs at odds with the majority of Americans.
e. / Ross Perot ran as the candidate of the Green Party in 2000.

22.The process of nominating presidential candidates is now controlled by

a. / the public rather than party elites.
b. / members of the party in Congress.
c. / the electoral college.
d. / the national party chairperson and the national executive committee.
e. / powerful governors of large states.

23.The Help America Vote Act of 2002 provided funds to the states to

a. / replace outdated voting equipment.
b. / create statewide computerized voting lists.
c. / increase access to polling places for voters with disabilities.
d. / both a and c.
e. / all of the above.

24.Under current law, telecommunications companies

a. / cannot interfere with what people say with their voices but can interfere with text and data transmissions.
b. / cannot interfere with either what people say with their voices or text and data transmissions.
c. / can interfere with what people say with their voices but cannot interfere with text and data transmissions.
d. / can interfere with both what people say with their voices as well as text and data transmissions.
e. / can interfere with what people say with their voices and with text but cannot interfere with data transmissions.

25.The average Senate office on Capitol Hill employs about

a. / 5 people.
b. / 30 people.
c. / 100 people.
d. / 250 people.
e. / 500 people.

26.An important function of the House majority leader is to

a. / report all progress of legislation to the President.
b. / walk the bill through the Senate, providing the bill has passed the House.
c. / provide opposition to the Speaker.
d. / act as spokesperson for the majority party in the House.
e. / preside over meetings of the House.

27.The real leadership power in the Senate rests in the hands of the

a. / president of the Senate.
b. / president pro tempore of the Senate.
c. / Senator designate selected by the president.
d. / Senate majority leader.
e. / Speaker of the Senate.

28.As chief executive, the president is constitutionally bound to

a. / enforce laws, treaties, and court orders.
b. / submit a balanced budget to Congress.
c. / inform Congress prior to any military action.
d. / oversee actions of state governments.
e. / honor pronouncements of the United Nations.

29.The following two presidents are the only ones in American history to have actually been impeached:

a. / Andrew Johnson and Bill Clinton.
b. / Richard Nixon and Franklin Roosevelt.
c. / Andrew Jackson and William McKinley.
d. / Thomas Jefferson and Martin Van Buren.
e. / Andrew Jackson and Jimmy Carter.

30.Modern examples of “elections of change” in Congress include

a. / the 1994 Republican and 2006 Democratic take-overs of Congress.
b. / the 1996 Democratic and 2004 Republican take-overs of Congress.
c. / the 1992 Democratic and 2002 Republican take-overs of Congress.
d. / the 2002 Republican and 1986 Democratic take-overs of Congress.
e. / the 2008 Democratic and 2000 Republican take-overs of Congress.

31.Bureaucracy is the name given to

a. / a large organization, structured hierarchically, that carries out specific functions.
b. / any organization that has major problems when attempting to accomplish its goals.
c. / a group of people who work to enforce policies in a way that prevents quick results.
d. / any large branch of a government that has power to interpret laws.
e. / government organizations, but not corporate or university ones.

32.The monopolistic model of bureaucracy states that

a. / bureaucracies have no competitors and are therefore inefficient.
b. / decision-making should be a rational process.
c. / advancement should be based on merit.
d. / bureaucracies seek expanded budgets and increased size.
e. / bureaucracies should apply similar decisions to similar situations.

33.The number of federal government employees has

a. / increased significantly in the last several decades.
b. / remained relatively stable for the last several decades.
c. / decreased substantially in the last ten years.
d. / grown to exceed the number of local government employees.
e. / grown to exceed the number of state government employees.

34.Diversity of citizenship exists when

a. / the parties to the lawsuit are from different states.
b. / the parties to the lawsuit are of different racial groups.
c. / the parties to the lawsuit are citizens of different congressional districts.
d. / one of the parties is an individual and the other party is a corporation.
e. / one of the parties is the state and the other party is a citizen of that state.

35.The Supreme Court can review a state supreme court decision

a. / only if a federal question is involved.
b. / if there are damages in excess of $50,000.
c. / if the solicitor general asks them to do so.
d. / in all cases.
e. / in cases in which the state is a party.

36.If a case is remanded, it

a. / is sent to the supreme court of the state in question.
b. / is sent back to the court that heard the case.
c. / can only be of a civil nature-criminal cases cannot be remanded.
d. / must be decided within the calendar year.
e. / is not subject to any further action by the courts.

37.The 1990 Clean Air Act

a. / required new automobiles to reduce emissions of nitrogen oxide.
b. / established an immediate ban on the production of CFCs.
c. / created a loophole to allow older coal-burning power plants to continue operating as they had been for years.
d. / removed pollution controls on factories and other businesses in 96 cities with air-quality problems.
e. / mandated a shift from coal to nuclear energy.

38.Monetary policy theory says that when the economy is faced with inflation, the government should

a. / expand the rate of growth of the money supply.
b. / increase taxes.
c. / decrease the rate of growth of the money supply.
d. / decrease taxes.
e. / take complete control of the economy.

39.The term “baby boomer” refers to

a. / Americans who were born before the Great Depression.
b. / people born in the U.S. during the years following World War II.
c. / senior citizens who have financially helped their children raise their grandchildren.
d. / families with more than the average number of children.
e. / children who experienced greater educational opportunities during the 1970s.

40.Moral idealism is a philosophy that

a. / sees nations as normally willing to cooperate and agree on moral standards for conduct.
b. / mandates noninterference with the internal policies of sovereign nations.
c. / supports steps to establish a single world government.
d. / sees each nation as acting in its own interest regardless of moral considerations.
e. / contends that spreading Christianity ought to be a major goal of U.S. foreign policy.

41.When President George W. Bush declared that Osama bin Laden was evil and that fighting terrorism was fighting evil, he drew on the tradition

a. / of moral idealism.
b. / of the domino theory.
c. / of political realism.
d. / that partisanship stops at the water's edge.
e. / ofenemusdevestatae.

42.One of the problems for the State Department domestically is that

a. / it has only "negative constituents"-citizens who oppose the government's policies.
b. / it is responsible for the CIA.
c. / it answers to Congress first and only then the president.
d. / no new president will retain senior level diplomats who are not of his political party.
e. / it is criticized for not spending enough on foreign aid.

43.A voluntary agreement among individuals to secure their rights and welfare by creating a government and abiding by its rules is called

a. / a confederation.
b. / a social contract.
c. / a syndicate.
d. / a constitution.
e. / natural law.

44.Although the Bill of Rights protected citizens from certain exercises of powers by the national government,

a. / citizens in different states had different sets of civil rights.
b. / the thirteen original states did not have to abide by them even though all new states would have to comply.
c. / it only protected citizens that owned property.
d. / in practice, it was ineffective at restraining the national government.
e. / it was quickly extended to cover the states.

45.Most people who study the decision-making process in Congress agree that the single best predictor for how a member will vote is his or her

a. / party affiliation.
b. / affiliation with organized interest groups.
c. / length of time in Congress.
d. / age.
e. / region.

46.The tests commonly administered as a precondition for voting were called

a. / poll tests.
b. / constitutional exams.
c. / literacy tests.
d. / primary tests.
e. / registration tests.

47.A power created for the president through laws passed by Congress is called

a. / a constitutional power.
b. / a statutory power.
c. / a limited power.
d. / an inherent power.
e. / a legislative power.

48.According to the George W. Bush administration, enemy combatants

a. / could be held indefinitely without the normal legal protections provided U.S. citizens.
b. / were not protected under international laws governing the treatment of prisoners of war.
c. / were not to be detained by military tribunals.
d. / both a and b.
e. / all of the above.

49.The American Israel Public Affairs Committee

a. / lobbies Congress on U.S.-Israeli issues, but has learned that it cannot successfully lobby the executive branch.
b. / has consistently interfered with the relationship between the United States and Israel with its controversial tactics that inevitably cause friction between the two nations.
c. / has been able to achieve success with Democrats in Congress but has failed to influence Republicans in the House and the Senate.
d. / is consistently ranked as one of the least effective interest groups in America.
e. / has succeeded in influencing the United States to bestow between $2.5 and $4 billion a year on Israel.

50.Issue networks are

a. / news organizations that explore how government programs affect common people.
b. / alliances that may contain scholars, interest groups, executive agency staff, and legislative staff members.
c. / communications between the president and interest groups.
d. / Web sites set up by Congress to solicit public opinion.
e. / discussions between the president and his top advisors held in remote locations.