Mad King Ludwig Memorial History Tournament
Chicago Open 2006 History Doubles, July 28, 2006
Questions by Chris Frankel
Tossups, Round 5
1. The first recorded mention of this land appears in the Nilmat-Puran, though it is in the tome The River of Kings that the poet Kalhana tells of its first known king, Gonanda I. In the early 1400’s, it was subjected to violent purges under the rule of the Muslim ruler Sikandar, and in 1820 it became part of a dual kingdom of the Dogra people. When it was released from British colonial rule, controversy emerged as it was invaded in violation of the Standstill Agreement and ceded in the Instrument of Accession by Hari Singh at the end of 1947. A line of control around this territory was produced by the Simla Agreement, which attempted to resolve the 1971 war between the two nations claiming it. Linked with Jammu, this is, FTP, which mountainous Central Asian region, the subject of territorial disputes between India and Pakistan?
ANSWER: Kashmir (accept “Kashmir and Jammu,” but not “Jammu” alone)
2. The main highlights of the second’s rule was breaking a Roman hold on the papacy by appointing Peter of Pavia as John XIV and being defeated at Calbaria by the Saracens. His successor, the third bearer of this name, was advised by Adalbert of Prague and called on to suppress John Crescentius’ appointment of an anti-pope to Gregory V, which resulted in his bestowing the papacy on Gerbert of Aurillac as Sylvester II. The fourth and final one was the only Welf to become emperor, but was defeated at the Battle of Bouvines, after which Frederick II restored the Hohenstaufen Dynasty. The first holder of this name was the son of Henry the Fowler and founded an eponymous Saxon Dynasty. FTP, give this first name of the man who stomped the Magyars at Lechfeld in 955 to become the first true Holy Roman Emperor.
ANSWER: Otto
3. This book’s ninth chapter explains the significance of the motion of dust clouds and applies an ominous weight to bird migrations and animal stampedes. Its eleventh chapter uses such adjectives as “dispersive,” “facile,” and “contentious” to categorize the “Nine Situations” of its title. Using analogies involving musical notes, tastes, and primary colors, its author demonstrates the wide range of possible actions based on a limited set of simple techniques, and emphasizes the number five, which also comprises the number of ways to use fire and the different types of spies. Jean-Joseph Amiot is credited with popularizing this work, which features chapters entitled “Terrain” and “Attack by Strategem,” among a European audience. FTP, identify this treatise on military tactics written by Sun-Tzu.
ANSWER: The Art of War or Ping Fa
4. His rule was marred by a series of disputes with Theophilus Eaton over the trial and extradition of smugglers. The St. Catherine made its landing during his rule, and after writing to his superiors to ask that he be allowed to expel the Jews, he instead was ordered to allow them to settle. He was also plagued by poor Indian relations, as shown by the outbreak of the Peach Tree War and conflicts near the village of Esopus, which he renamed Wildwyck. His military career ended in a raid on the island of St. Martin that cost him a limb, this man was appointed to replace William Kieft and spent his last years on his farm, the Bouwerie, after being forced to surrender his capital to Richard Nicolls. FTP, identify this peg-legged Dutchman who served as the last governor of New Netherland.
ANSWER: Peter Stuyvesant
5. Its second leader was nicknamed Coda, and its founder likely got his nickname from a mistranslation of a description of his castle walls, leading him to be called the “White-Handed.” One of its later leaders, nicknamed “Ironhead,” helped Philip II of Spain defeat France at St. Quentin, and was a signer of the Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis. During World War II, this house briefly held the crown of Croatia under Tomislav II and from 1871-1873 had a brief stint as the royal house of Spain under Amadeus I. However, it gained its first kingship through the Treaty of Utrecht, in which Spain initially ceded Sicily, and shortly after ceded Sardinia in exchange for Sicily, to this house under Victor Amadeus II. FTP, identify this house, whose Victor Emmanuel II became the first ruler of a united Italy, and whose Prince Eugene was a prominent military leader.
ANSWER: House of Savoy
6. The minutes of one of its last national conventions questioned support for George Julian, while a state convention of that year nominated J. Preston Mann for lieutenant governor and William Smith for governor. Its last presidential ticket featured S.M. Bell and William Goodell, and William Jay and the brothers Lewis and Arthur Tappan were among those who organized its founding convention at Warsaw. Francis LeMoyne was replaced by Thomas Earle as this party’s first vice-presidential candidate, and it had candidate trouble two elections later when Gerrit Smith had to fill in for unwilling presidential nominee John Hale. Once having nominated Frederick Douglass for Secretary of State of New York, this party screwed Henry Clay by swinging New York, and thus the presidency, to James K. Polk in its best election showing. FTP, identify this abolitionist third party that nominated James Birney for president in 1844.
ANSWER: Liberty Party
7. The aftermath of this conflict saw the passage of the Heritable Jurisdictions Act and the Act of Proscription, which instituted a series of forced land “clearances” and forbade traditional dress and the use of weaponry. Meanwhile, its instigator went on to marry Louise of Stolberg after earlier assuming the identity of a maidservant named Betty Burke in order to escape punishment. Beginning with the landing of the “seven men of Moidart” at Eriskay, this rebellion featured the leadership of Lord George Murray, and saw an early victory over John Cope at Prestonpans, but stalled after its occupation at Derby and was put down in a rout by the Duke of Cumberland. FTP, identify this rebellion that ended at Culloden Moor and saw Bonnie Prince Charlie try to gain control of England, often referred to by the year in which it took place.
ANSWER: Rebellion of 1745 (accept “Jacobite Rebellion” or any mention of Bonnie Prince Charlie a.k.a. Charles Edward Stuart a.k.a. The Young Pretender before his name appears in the question; don’t accept any answer referring to other Jacobite rebellions, such as James the Old Pretenders’ one in 1715)
8. Two of the structures at this site have been colloquially named after Giovanni Belzoni and James Bruce, and John Gardner Wilkinson created a numbering system to classify its landmarks. Chosen as a place that “nobody [would see] or hear [of]” by a court official named Ineni, it was used until the famine marked by the Year of the Hyenas caused widespread bandit activity that forced it to be replaced by Deir el-Bahri. To date, 63 structures have been unearthed at this site, whose counterpart at Biban al-Harim was created to honor women of the era. Though the preceding Eighteenth Dynasty established it, Siptah, Merneptah, and Seti I are three of the Nineteenth Dynasty rulers memorialized at, FTP, what site near Luxor, a valley that contains the tombs of numerous ancient Egyptian pharaohs, including that of Tutankhamen?
ANSWER: Valley of the Kings
9. He lamented his nation’s dismal human rights record in Crucifixion of Liberty, and offered a firsthand account of its rise in The Catastrophe. Editing a newspaper entitled Days kept him preoccupied during his time in Paris, where he ended up taking residence after his supporters’ defeat at Pulkova. He came to prominence for his role in exposing the spy Roman Malinovsky and later pushed agendas of universal suffrage and increased freedom of speech after being named Minister of Justice. Also becoming Minister of War, he ascended to power after the resignation of Georgy Lvov and fended off a coup attempt by Lavr Kornilov before being himself toppled in the October Revolution. FTP, identify this man, who in 1917, had a brief role as leader of Russia’s provisional government.
ANSWER: Alexander Kerensky
10. They came to power after a teenage leader’s victory at Sharur over Alvand Beig, although they had their roots in a religious order that was formed in the 1200’s at Ardebil. Another key early victory for them was at Merv, where they defeated Shaybani and the Uzbeks and then moved their capital. Alcohol addiction plagued many of their rulers, such as both of its drunken rulers named Suleiman, and their ruler who oversaw the building of the palace of Chehel Sotoon. One of their leaders feuded with Bayezid II, leading to their defeat at Calidiran by Selim the Grim. Entering its downfall after Shah Husayn was defeated by invading Afghans, this Sufi-turned-Shiite dynasty was succeeded by the Zand dynasty of Shiraz and had its capitals at Tabriz and Isfahan. FTP, identify this Persian dynasty that was established by Ismail and ruled from the 16th to 18th centuries.
ANSWER: Safavids
11. Atilius Titianus and Cornelius Priscianus were the only two men found guilty of conspiring against this ruler, who sent troops to protect Olbiopolis from the Tauroscythians and bloodlessly saved Armenia from invasion by writing a single threatening letter to Vologeses III. He faced a Moorish uprising in Mauritania and sent Lollius Urbicus to put down continuing unrest in Britain. Upon becoming emperor, this husband of Faustina tirelessly lobbied the Senate to deify his predecessor, who had named him as his imperial successor. This ruler also celebrated Rome’s 900th anniversary and became the namesake of a Scottish wall. The fourth of the Good Emperors, this is, FTP, which predecessor of Marcus Aurelius, whose cognomen reflected his perceived virtuous character?
ANSWER: Antonius Pius or Titus Aurelius Fulvus Boionus Arrius Antoninus (I have no idea how the latter answer should be properly underlined)
12. This man took the name his father was baptized under at Lapwai and spent the last years of his life in Colville after being transferred there from Fort Levenworth. His brother, Ollokot, helped command his military forces in battles such as Whitebird Canyon, which opened his war against the Americans, and Big Hole, in which he saw his wife killed and enemy commander John Gibbon wounded. His forces encumbered by the accompanying women and children, he, along with Looking Glass, was finally defeated at Bear Paw Mountain, and Lieutenant Charles E.S. Wood recorded the celebrated oration he delivered upon his surrender to Oliver Otis Howard and Nelson Miles. FTP, name this embattled chief, who, after failing to lead his Nez Perce tribe to Canada, declared, “I will fight no more.”
ANSWER: Chief Joseph or Hin-Mah-Too-Yah-Lat-Kekt
13. Among the missionaries it has killed are Irene McCormack, an Australian nun, the Italian Alessandro Negroni, and Michal Tomaszek and Zbigniew Strzalowski, a pair of Polish priests; the last three of whom were murdered in the same month in the Ancash region. In addition to a series of massacres of peasant villagers in the Apurimact region, its highest profile attacks were the murder of a women’s rights advocate and deputy mayor named Maria Elena Moyano, and a deadly car bombing at Tarata Street. Spawned from the University of Huamanga, where its founder taught philosophy, it is still sporadically active, despite the 1992 capture of that founder, Abimael Guzman, in a raid ordered by Alberto Fujimori. FTP, identify this guerilla terrorist group that officially calls itself the Communist Party of Peru.
ANSWER: Sendero Luminoso or Shining Path (accept “Communist Party of Peru” or “PCP” on an early buzz)
14. Although his reign saw the passage of the act De Heretico Comburendo, the only major executions that he oversaw under the act were those of John Badby and William Sawrey. One of the rebellions he faced brought about his order for the execution of Thomas Mawbray and Richard Scrope, though his most significant opposition originated from his ruling in favor of Lord Grey of Ruthin in a land dispute, and was centered out of the captured Harlech Castle. This ruler also had the future James I of Scotland captured and imprisoned, but he was preoccupied with the aforementioned rebellion, which featured the battles of Homildon Hill and Shrewsbury and saw Edmund Mortimer and Henry “Hotspur” Percy join the Welsh alliance against him. FTP, name this enemy of Owen Glendower and son of John of Gaunt, who started the house of Lancaster by usurping the throne from Richard II.
ANSWER: Henry IV or Henry Bolingbroke
15. It was the first battle experienced by Frank Upham, who gathered preliminary intelligence for it by posing as a civilian in Hong Kong. Supplies were continuously restocked by the Nanshan and Zafiro, which were left unarmed despite orders back home from John Long. The fighting took place around Sangley Point and commenced with the enemy’s abandonment of its flagship, the Queen Christina. The enemy’s planned attack to follow up this battle, the Camara Expedition, never materialized, and the Americans only suffered nine wounded in this victory over Patricio Montojo, which began with a memorable command issued to Charles Gridley. FTP, identify this naval victory of George Dewey that effectively decided the Spanish-American War.
ANSWER: Battle of Manila Bay
16. Simon de Covino’s De Judicio Solis posited that this event resulted from a planetary feud between Jupiter and Saturn, and Geoffrey of Meaux wrote another treatise on its astrological origins. Gabriele de Mussi introduced the erroneous theory that its occurrence was linked to the military tactics of troops defending the siege of Caffa. Bonne of Luxembourg, Leonor of Portugal, and Queen Joan II of Navarre were among its royal casualties, though Alfonso XI was the only ruling monarch to die as a direct result of it. Its economic consequences were protectionist measures which inspired such insurrections as the Ciompi revolt, while a major religious reaction was the rise of movements of flagellants. FTP, identify this 14th Century plague epidemic that wiped out one fourth of Europe’s population.