Electronic Supplementary Material
Deep eutectic solvent-mediated extraction for ligand-less preconcentration of lead and cadmium from environmental samples using magnetic nanoparticles
Mehdi Karimi • Ali Mohammad Haji Shabani • Shayessteh Dadfarnia*
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd 89195-741, Iran
* Corresponding author, e-mail:
Fig. S1 XRD patterns for Fe3O4 magnetite nanoparticles
Fig. S2 SEM image of Fe3O4 (a) and DES modified Fe3O4 (b)
Fig. S3 Magnetization curves of Fe3O4 (a) and DES modified Fe3O4 (b)
Fig. S4 Effect of sample pH on the extraction of Pb and Cd. Conditions: sample volume, 60 mL; amount of sorbent, 20 mg; volume of DES, 200 µL; extraction time, 10.0 min; type of the DES, ChCl:urea (1:2.5); eluent concentration, 1.0 mol L-1; eluent volume, 600 µL; amount of lead and cadmium, 9.0 and 1.2 µg
Fig. S5 Effect of type of DES on the extraction of Pb and Cd. Conditions: pH=6.5; sample volume, 60 mL; amount of sorbent, 20 mg; volume of DES, 200 µL; extraction time, 10.0 min; eluent concentration, 1.0 mol L-1; eluent volume, 600 µL; amount of lead and cadmium, 9.0 and 1.2 µg
Table S1 Tolerance limits of potentially interfering ions for the determination Pb and Cd
Ion / Molar ratio / Recoverya (%)Pb(II) / Cd(II)
K+ / 1000 / 99.3 ± 3.7 / 101.2 ± 2.8
Na+ / 1000 / 100.5 ± 3.5 / 101.9 ± 3.7
Ca2+ / 1000 / 99.1 ± 3.1 / 98.1 ± 3.1
NO3- / 1000 / 101.8 ± 2.5 / 98.5 ± 3.4
Cl- / 1000 / 98.8 ± 2.7 / 97.3 ± 2.9
SO42- / 1000 / 96.1 ± 1.6 / 97.5 ± 3.5
Sb3+ / 1000 / 96.5 ± 3.5 / 99.4 ± 1.5
Al3+ / 1000 / 102.9 ± 3.3 / 99.5 ± 3.5
Mg2+ / 1000 / 102.2 ± 3.4 / 98.5 ± 2.4
Ba2+ / 1000 / 99.3 ± 3.2 / 96.7 ± 3.8
Cr3+ / 800 / 102.1 ± 2.4 / 98.5 ± 3.1
Mn2+ / 800 / 98.6 ± 4.6 / 103.1 ± 2.8
Ni2+ / 800 / 100.8 ± 3.1 / 100.4 ± 2.2
Cu2+ / 200 / 95.2 ± 2.5 / 97.9 ± 3.1
Zn2+ / 200 / 96.4 ± 1.9 / 95.5 ± 3.4
a Average and standard deviation of three independent analysis