Metaphorical Expression Lesson

Properties

Title: / Metaphorical Expression
Type: / Lesson Plan
Subject: / Chemistry
Grade Range: / 10
Description: / This is a lesson plan covering the different types of chemical reactions.
Duration: / 70 Minutes
Author: / Rebekah Cordeiro

Instructional Unit Content

Standards/Elements
Content Area Standard
SC2 Students will relate how the Law of Conservation of Matter is used to determine chemical
composition in compounds and chemical reactions.
a. Identify and balance the following types of chemical equations:
• Synthesis
• Decomposition
• Single Replacement
• Double Replacement
• Combustion
TAG Standard
Creative Thinking & Creative Problem Solving Skills
7. The student uses analogies, metaphors, and/or models to explain complex concepts.
Summary/Overview
The focus of this lesson is to give students the opportunity to think about chemical reactions in a way that they can relate to and personalize.
Enduring Understandings
At the end of this lesson the student will be able to

Identify each of the five different types of chemical reactions, and
Develop real-world metaphors for each of the types of chemical reactions.

Essential Question
How are chemical reactions like high-school relationships?
Concepts to Maintain:
writing and naming chemical formulas, balancing chemical equations
Evidence of Learning
Students should know:

Chemicals react together in different ways, but usually within the five main types.
The different types of reactions and what they look like in a chemistry setting.

Students should be able to:

use direct analogies, personal analogies, and compressed conflicts to explain the different types of reactions.
Identify the five different types of chemical reactions.

Suggested Vocabulary

reaction
reactants
products
synthesis
decomposition
single replacement
oxidation-reduction
double replacement
combustion

Procedure(s)
Phase 1: Hook
1. Students will participate in a Carousel Brainstorming Activity. Students will inspect the question posed at each station, develop/record all ideas, and rotate to expand ideas at another station. Review the three types of metaphorical expressions experienced by the students: direct analogies, personal analogies, and compressed conflicts. Explain to the students that “today in chemistry we are going to learn a new concept using these three types of metaphors.”
Phase 2: Examine the Content
2. Set the Scene: The instructor will ask students to think about their relationships in the past year or so. Are there relationships that have been made, broken up? Are there relationships where roles have changed or where they feel like they themselves have changed?
3. Pose the Essential Question. “How are chemical reactions like personal relationships?”
4. Students will work individually to read a description of the types of chemical reactions and complete the content organizer.
Phase 3: Analogies
5. Direct Analogy: Students will identify the similarities and differences between relationships and chemical reactions. In groups, record how they are alike and different using the visual organizer. HANDOUT 4
6. Compressed Conflict: Candidates will brainstorm antonyms of chemical reactions in order to create compressed conflict phrases. HANDOUT 5
7. Personal Analogy: Students will be reorganized into new groups with new chemical reaction types to write a short skit showing how their type of reaction can be seen as a personal relationship. STUDENTS SHOULD ONLY SHARE THEIR REACTION TYPE WITHIN THEIR ASSIGNED GROUPS.
Phase 4: Synthesis Activity
8. Chemical reactions skits: Students will act out their skits to demonstrate their type of chemical reaction, WITHOUT TELLING THEM WHICH REACTION WAS GIVEN. HANDOUT 6
Summarizing Activity

Exit Ticket: Identify the different types of chemical reactions in the skits presented by your classmates. HANDOUT 6

Resource: TAG certification class, Fulton County
Anchor Text: Tro’sChemistry: A Molecular Approach
Technology: None needed
Handouts:
Handout 1: Carousel Examples
Handout 2: Types of Reactions Content
Handout 3: Content Organizer
Handout 4: Direct Analogy Organizer
Handout 5: Compressed Conflict Organizer
Handout 6: Exit Ticket

Handout 1: Carousel Examples

How is intelligence like love?

If creativity were a machine, what would it look like? Draw your idea below.

If you were a salad, what dressing would best match your personality? Why?

How would you feel if you were a great book that was never read?

What are some things that are both trapped and free?

Generate as many ideas as you can for helpful anger and speedy procrastination.

Handout 2: Types of Reactions Content

All chemical reactions can be placed into one of six categories. Here they are, in no particular order:

1)Combustion: A combustion reaction is when oxygen combines with another compound to form water and carbon dioxide. These reactions are exothermic, meaning they produce heat. An example of this kind of reaction is the burning of napthalene:

C10H8+ 12 O2---> 10 CO2+ 4 H2O

2)Synthesis: A synthesis reaction is when two or more simple compounds combine to form a more complicated one. These reactions come in the general form of:

A + B ---> AB

One example of a synthesis reaction is the combination of iron and sulfur to form iron (II) sulfide:

8 Fe + S8---> 8FeS

3)Decomposition: A decomposition reaction is the opposite of a synthesis reaction - a complex molecule breaks down to make simpler ones. These reactions come in the general form:

AB ---> A + B

One example of a decomposition reaction is the electrolysis of water to make oxygen and hydrogen gas:

2 H2O ---> 2 H2+ O2

4)Single displacement: This is when one element trades places with another element in a compound. These reactions come in the general form of:

A + BC ---> AC + B

One example of a single displacement reaction is when magnesium replaces hydrogen in water to make magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen gas:

Mg + 2 H2O ---> Mg(OH)2+ H2

5)Double displacement: This is when the anions and cations of two different molecules switch places, forming two entirely different compounds. These reactions are in the general form:

AB + CD ---> AD + CB

One example of a double displacement reaction is the reaction of lead (II) nitrate with potassium iodide to form lead (II) iodide and potassium nitrate:

Pb(NO3)2+ 2 KI ---> PbI2+ 2 KNO3

6)Acid-base: This is a special kind of double displacement reaction that takes place when an acid and base react with each other. The H+ion in the acid reacts with theOH-ion in the base, causing the formation of water. Generally, the product of this reaction is some ionic salt and water:

HA + BOH ---> H2O + BA

One example of an acid-base reaction is the reaction of hydrobromic acid (HBr) with sodium hydroxide:

HBr + NaOH ---> NaBr + H2O

Handout 3: Content Organizer

CLICK HERE for PDF

Handout 4: Direct Analogy Organizer

How areLike

Chemical ReactionsPersonal Relationships

Handout 5: Compressed Conflict Organizer

Compressed Conflict

Chemical Reactions

List five important words to describe Chemical Reactions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. / List an antonym for each word to the left.

Review your original list and its antonyms. Do any of the pairs of words seem to fight each other but still describe chemical reactions? Create three Compressed Conflicts

Handout 6: Exit Ticket

Group 1:

Type of reaction:

How do you know?

Group 2:

Type of reaction:

How do you know?

Group 3:

Type of reaction:

How do you know?

Group 4:

Type of reaction:

How do you know?

Group 5:

Type of reaction:

How do you know?

Group 6:

Type of reaction:

How did you know?

Cordeiro 1