Name: ______Due: ______
Soil and Agriculture Study Guide
- Identify the most abundant element in the Earth’s crust: ______2nd: ______
- Identify the rock types and an example:
- Igneous
- Metamorphic
- Sedimentary
- Describe the basic purpose of the rock cycle:
- Define: lithosphere
Plate boundries
- Describe the THREE types of plate movement (use pictures):
- Divergent
- Sea floor spreading
- Convergent
- Transform
- Use the map on the back to identify ONE major convergent & divergent plate and TWO hotspots.
- Identify FOUR types of volcanoes:
- Define: Chemical weathering
Physical weathering
Erosion
- Define: Chemical deposition
Physical deposition
- Identify THREE occurrences that effect soil development:
- Identify TWO characteristics of the soil horizons:
- O horizon
- A horizon
- B horizon
- C horizon
- Describe the process of soil formation:
- Define: infiltration
Leaching
- Identify TWO characteristics of the following types of soil:
Desert soil
Tropical soil
Grassland soil
Polar
Forest soil
Swelling soil
- Identify THREE mineral particles that are used to describe soil texture:
- Sand
- Silt
- Clay
- Describe how to use the soil triangle to identify different soil types:
[Clay 30%, Silt 20%, Sand 50%: ______] [Clay 20%, Silt 60%, 20%: ______]
- Define: permeability
Porosity
- Identify FOUR factors that contribute to soil nutrition:
- Identify TWO physical and TWO chemical soil tests:
- Identify TWO issues that are contributing to the food problem:
- Describe intensive agriculture:
Identify TWO advantages and TWO disadvantages of intensive agriculture:
- Advantages:
- Disadvantages:
- Identify and describe the THREE commonly used types of irrigation:
- Describe factory farming:
- Discuss why it is more efficient to produce grain for human consumption than to produce meat for human consumption. In your answer, consider both land use and energy use.
- Identify TWO environmental problems and TWO human health problems from meat production:
- Describe crop harvest:
- Describe the use of fertilizers:
Identify the TWO macronutrients that are often limiting factors: ______& ______
- Define pesticide:
Identify the TWO types of pesticides:
- Describe the role of Rachel Carson:
- Discuss genetic resistance and the pesticide treadmill:
- Identify TWO advantages and TWO disadvantages of intensive agricultural practices:
- Identify and describe:
- FIFRA
- FFDCA
- FQPA
- Explain the incident at Union Carbide in Bhopal, India:
- Describebioaccumulation and biomagnification:
- Identify the % of the major causes of soil degradation: ______% Overgrazing & ______% Deforestation
- Use the map to identify and describe THREE major locations of global soil degradation.
- Describe salinizationand a method to remediate or prevent salinization:
- Describe desertification:
- Describe the Green Revolution
- Describe the Gene Revolution (second Green Revolution)
- Identify TWO economic and TWO environmental advantages and disadvantages of GM foods:
- Economic
- Environmental
- Identify the FOUR new crop developments:
- Describe hydroponics:
- Describe aquaculture (fish farming):
- Describe sustainable agriculture:
Identify TWO more & TWO less that are provided by sustainable agriculture:
- Identify TWO advantages and TWO disadvantages of organic farming:
- Advantages:
- Disadvantages:
- Explain how the results of soil tests will allow specific recommendations for sustainable agriculture.
- Describe the following practices that can be used for maintaining cropland:
- Shelterbelts
- Crop rotation
- Conservation tillage
- Explain why the management of grasslands is economically and environmentally important.
- Explain Integrated Pest Management (IPM):
- Describe the stages in IPM:
- Describe biological controls:
- Identify THREE types of biological controls that have been used for controlling pests:
- Describe the purpose of seed banks and seed vaults: