Surfaces A,C,D are frictionless, surface B is not.
The mass of the ball is 2 kg.
Ball’s initial, constant velocity before reaching A is 1m/s.
A / B / C / DLength / 2 m / 3 m / 4 m / 3 m
Time / 1 s / 1.5 s / 1.5 s / 0.69 s
Instantaneous velocity at the end of the segment / 3 m/s / 1 m/s / 4.36 m/s / 4.36 m/s
- On which surface does the ball have ..
- uniform velocity
- uniform acceleration?
- Calculate the ball’s average velocity while rolling across each surface.
- The ball’s instantaneous velocity at the end of each segment is as follows: A: 3 m/s B: 1 m/s C: 4.36 m/s D: 4.36 m/s Demonstrate that these are the correct instantaneous velocities.
- Calculate the ball’s acceleration for each segment.
- Draw the position-time, velocity-time, and acceleration-time graph for the ball’s motion as it rolls across A to D.
- On which surface does the ball encounter a net force?
- On which surface does the ball encounter no net force?
- Draw a free body diagram for the ball when it rolls across surface B.
- Draw a free body diagram for the ball when it rolls across surface D.
- Calculate the net force acting on the ball while rolling across B.
- Calculate the net force acting on the ball while rolling across C.
- What is the weight of the ball?
- What is the normal force acting on the ball while rolling across B.
- Gravitational acceleration on the moon is 1.6 m/s2. Explain why it is less than on Earth.
- What is the weight of our ball on the moon?
- Somebody shot the ball into an orbit around the moon. In which direction would the force act that will keep the ball in orbit?
- What would happen to the ball if we could switch off moon’s gravity for a few seconds?
- Give one example where … a) a normal force b) gravity c) friction and d) a tension force will act as a centripetal force.
- What is the average momentum of the ball for each segment?
- On which segment does the ball’s momentum change the most?
- Where is the impulse the greatest? Explain.
- How much impulse is acting on the ball as it rolls across B?
- The ball elastically collides with a second ball of 3 kg mass that sits stationary on segment D. The second ball moves away with a velocity of 2 m/s. What is the velocity of the first ball?
- What is the kinetic energy of the ball at the end of each segment?
- How much kinetic energy was “lost” due to friction as the ball rolled across segment B?
- If segment D would be extended into an upward ramp, how high would the ball roll on this ramp?