Monthly testicular self-exams (TSE’s) are a way for men to examine themselves for any lumps or abnormalities of the testicles. Performing regular TSEs may help you detect a potential cancer early. Here’s how to perform a TSE:
- Do the exam after bathing or showering. The warm water helps relax the skin of the scrotum, so it;s easier to feel for anything unusual.
- Use both hands to examine each testicle. Place your index and middle fingers underneath the testicle and your thumbs on top. Roll the testicle between your thumbs and fingers. (It's normal for testicles to be different in size.)
- As you feel the testicle, you may notice a cord-like structure on top and in back of the testicle. This structure is called the epididymis. It stores and transports sperm. Do not confuse it with a lump.
- Feel for any lumps. Lumps can be pea-size or larger and are often painless. If you notice a lump, contact your doctor. Also check for any change in size, shape or consistency of the testes.
- You should also get a physical exam once a year.
After a while, you will know how your testicles feel and will be more alert to any changes.
Symptoms of Testicular Cancer
- A lump in either testicle.
- An enlarged (swollen) testicle.
- A dull ache in the lower abdomen or groin.
- A sudden gathering of fluid in the scrotum.
- Feeling of heaviness in the scrotum.
What Should I Do If I Feel Something Unusual in the Testicles?
If you notice changes in the testicles, do not panic. Often, testicular changes are not cancerous. Make an appointment with your doctor who can better determine the cause of your symptoms.
What Type of Exam Will My Doctor Perform?
Your doctor will ask you to describe your symptoms and review your medical history. He/she will also perform a physical examination of the testicles by feeling for lumps. You may also be asked to provide blood and urine samples for further testing.
The doctor may also perform an ultrasound of the scrotum. This test is a painless x-ray that’s meant to see through body tissue. You may also need a chest x-ray or CT scan.
If cancer is detected, the testicle must be removed. Having this surgery should not lead to sexual performance problems or trouble having children. The remaining testicle will continue to make sperm and testosterone. To restore the appearance of the testicle, a prosthetic implant can make the testicle look and feel normal.
Can Testicular Cancer Be Cured?
Most testicular cancers can be cured, even if it has spread.
SOURCE: American Cancer Society.
Reviewed by the doctors at The Cleveland Clinic Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Edited byTracy Shuman, MD, WebMD, February 2006.
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This information is intended for educational purposes only, and should not be interpreted as medical advice. Please consult your physician for advice about changes that may affect your health.