NAMESCHOOL
IndevelopingyouranswertoPartIII,besuretokeepthisgeneraldefinitioninmind:
discussmeans“tomakeobservationsaboutsomethingusingfacts,reasoning,and
argument;topresentinsomedetail”
PartIII
DOCUMENT-BASEDQUESTION
Thisquestionisbasedontheaccompanyingdocuments.Itisdesignedtotestyourabilitytowork
withhistoricaldocuments.Someofthedocumentshavebeeneditedforthepurposesofthe
question.Asyouanalyzethedocuments,takeintoaccountthesourceofeachdocumentandany
pointofviewthatmaybepresentedinthedocument.
HistoricalContext:
Throughoutthe1800sandtheearly1900s,reformerssoughttosolvethesocial,
political,andeconomicproblemsoftheperiod.Variousmethodswereusedby
reformerstoaddresstheseproblems.
Task:UsinginformationfromthedocumentsandyourknowledgeofUnitedStates
history,answerthequestionsthatfolloweachdocumentinPartA.Youranswersto
thequestionswillhelpyouwritethePartBessay,inwhichyouwillbeaskedto
·Discussthesocial,political,and/oreconomicproblemsaddressedby
reformersinthe1800sandearly1900s. Inyourdiscussion,includethe
methodsusedbyreformerstoexposetheseproblems.
U.S.Hist.Gov’t.–Jan.’08[13][OVER]
PartA
Short-AnswerQuestions
Directions:Analyzethedocumentsandanswertheshort-answerquestionsthatfolloweachdocumentinthe
spaceprovided.
Document1
...Iamaware,thatmanyobjecttotheseverityofmylanguage;butistherenotcausefor
severity?Iwillbeasharshastruth,andasuncompromisingasjustice.Onthissubject[abolition
ofslavery]Idonotwishtothink,orspeak,orwrite,withmoderation.No!no!Tellamanwhose
houseisonfire,togiveamoderatealarm;tellhimtomoderatelyrescuehiswifefromthehands
oftheravisher;tellthemothertograduallyextricateherbabefromthefireintowhichithas
fallen;—buturgemenottousemoderationinacauselikethepresent.Iaminearnest—Iwill
notequivocate—Iwillnotexcuse—Iwillnotretreatasingleinch—ANDIWILLBEHEARD.
Theapathyofthepeopleisenoughtomakeeverystatueleapfromitspedestal,andtohasten
theresurrectionofthedead....
Source:WilliamLloydGarrison,TheLiberator,January1,1831,Vol.1,No.1
1Basedonthisnewspaperarticle,whatwasonegoalthatWilliamLloydGarrisonwastryingtoachieve?[1]
______
______
Score
U.S.Hist.Gov’t.–Jan.’08[14]
Document2
“UNCLETOM’SCABIN.”Thisheart-meltingandthrillingworkcontinuestofindademand
thatcanhardlybemetbytheutmostactivityofthepressandthebookbinders.Weareinformed
bythepublishers,thattheeightieththousandedition[copy]willbepublishedto-morrow,
making160,000volumes[totalcopies]inthebriefperiodofelevenweeks!—asale
unprecedentedinthecountry,inanyinstance,ifnotinthewholeworld.Englisheditionsofit
arerapidlyselling—onebeingprintedinLondoninacheapform,atthelowrateof2s.6d.,or
about60cents.Itshouldneverbeforgotten,thatMrs.H.B.Stowe,itsgiftedauthor,wasmoved
totakeupthesubjectofslavery,inthemanner,bythepassageoftheFugitiveSlaveLaw.Sodoes
ajustGodoverruleevilforgood.
Source:TheLiberator,June11,1852
2AccordingtoTheLiberator,howdidthepublicreacttothepublicationofHarrietBeecherStowe’s
UncleTom’sCabin?[1]
______
______
Score
U.S.Hist.Gov’t.–Jan.’08[15][OVER]
Document3a
Peoples’
Entrance
Closed
TheBossesoftheSenate
te
li
e
p
b
E
ncefor
Source:JosephJ.Keppler,Puck,1889(adapted)
3aWhatisonepoliticalproblemidentifiedbyJosephJ.Kepplerinthiscartoon?[1]
______
______
Score
U.S.Hist.Gov’t.–Jan.’08[16]
Document3b
People’sParty[Populist]Platform
(OmahaPlatform)
July4,1892
...Theconditionswhichsurroundusbestjustifyourco-operation;wemeetinthemidstofa
nationbroughttothevergeofmoral,political,andmaterialruin.Corruptiondominatesthe
ballot-box,theLegislatures,theCongress,andtoucheseventheermine[robes]ofthebench.
Thepeoplearedemoralized;mostoftheStateshavebeencompelledtoisolatethevotersatthe
pollingplacestopreventuniversalintimidationandbribery. Thenewspapersarelargely
subsidizedormuzzled,publicopinionsilenced,businessprostrated[crushed],homescovered
withmortgages,laborimpoverished,andthelandconcentratinginthehandsofthecapitalists.
Theurbanworkmenaredeniedtherighttoorganizeforself-protection,importedpauperized
laborbeatsdowntheirwages,ahirelingstandingarmy,unrecognizedbyourlaws,isestablished
toshootthemdown,andtheyarerapidlydegeneratingintoEuropeanconditions.Thefruitsof
thetoilofmillionsareboldlystolentobuildupthefortunesforafew,unprecedentedinthe
historyofmankind;andthepossessorsofthese,inturn,despisetheRepublicandendanger
liberty.Fromthesameprolificwombofgovernmentalinjusticewebreedthetwogreatclasses—
trampsandmillionaires....
Source:NationalEconomist,Washington,D.C.,1892
3bAccordingtothispoliticalpartyplatform,whatweretwospecificproblemsthatledtotheformationofthe
PopulistParty?[2]
(1)______
______
Score
(2)______
______
Score
U.S.Hist.Gov’t.–Jan.’08[17][OVER]
Document4a
Document4b
AnOldRear-TenementInRooseveltStreet
...Itistenyearsandover,now,sincethat
line[betweenrichandpoor]dividedNew
York’spopulationevenly.To-daythree-
fourthsofitspeopleliveinthetenements,
andthenineteenthcenturydriftofthe
populationtothecitiesissendingever-
increasingmultitudestocrowdthem.The
fifteenthousandtenanthousesthatwere
thedespairofthesanitarianinthepast
generationhaveswelledintothirty-seven
thousand,andmorethantwelvehundred
thousandpersonscallthemhome.Theone
wayouthesaw—rapidtransittothe
suburbs—hasbroughtnorelief.Weknow
nowthatthereisnowayout;thatthe
“system”thatwastheeviloffspringof
publicneglectandprivategreedhascome
tostay,astorm-centreforeverofour
civilization.Nothingisleftbuttomakethe
bestofabadbargain....
Source:JacobRiis,HowtheOtherHalfLives,
CharlesScribner’sSons,1890
Source:JacobRiis,1890
4Basedonthesedocuments,statetwoproblemsfacedbycitiesintheUnitedStatesinthelate1800s.[2]
(1)______
______
Score
(2)______
______
Score
U.S.Hist.Gov’t.–Jan.’08[18]
Document5a
InthisFrankBeardcartoon,asaloonowneriswrappedintheprotectionofthelawfromtheaccusationsof
Themis,theGreekgoddessofjustice.
UndertheCloakoftheLaw
WORKOFTHESALOON
TheManufactureandSaleofLiquor
IsResponsibleFor
70percentofourcriminals
50percentoftheinmates
ofinsaneasylums
80percentoftheinmates
ofourpoorhouses
100percentofourtroubles
Thedestructionof
homes
Thecorruption
ofvoters
Source:FrankBeard,FiftyGreatCartoons,
TheRam’sHornPress,1899
5aAccordingtoFrankBeard,whatwasonereasonpeoplesupportedthetemperancemovement?[1]
______
______
Score
Document5b
...themanufacture,sale,ortransportationofintoxicatingliquorswithin,theimportationthereof
into,ortheexportationthereoffromtheUnitedStatesandallterritorysubjecttothejurisdiction
thereofforbeveragepurposesisherebyprohibited.
Source:UnitedStatesConstitution,18thAmendment,Section1,1919
5bBasedonthisdocument,stateonewayreformerstriedtostopthesaleofintoxicatingliquorsintheUnited
States.[1]
______
______
Score
U.S.Hist.Gov’t.–Jan.’08[19][OVER]
Document6
BEEFTRUSTBEATEN,
BUTESCAPESEXPOSURE
President’sRemarkablePromise
PutInspectionBillThrough.
DAMAGINGREPORTSHELVED
ThePresident’sAgentsDescribedto
HimPackingHouseConditions
WorseThanThoseToldof
inSinclair’sStory.
SpecialtoTheNewYorkTimes.
...ThePresidentWasIndignant.
ThePresident[TheodoreRoosevelt]didnot
sendNeillandReynolds[federalofficials]forth
merelyonthestatementsmadebyUptonSinclair
inhisnovel,“TheJungle.”Afterhehadbeen
convincedofthetruthofSinclair’sstatementshe
manifestedsuchaninterestinthequestionthat
otherpeoplebroughtstatementstohim.Heread
theproofsofarticlesonthesubject,andeverything
hereadincreasedhisanger.Hethenaskedhistwo
friendstolookintothematter,andlethimknowif
thestoriestoldtohimweretrue.Theydidlookinto
it,andtoldhimthateverythinghehadlearnedwas
correct.Immediatelyuponthis,filledwith
indignation,thePresidenthadSenatorBeveridge
introducetheMeatInspectionbill,andthenserved
anoticethatunlessitwaspassedinjigtime[very
quickly]thereportwouldbemadepublic....
Source:NewYorkTimes,May27,1906
6AccordingtotheNewYorkTimes,howdidTheJungleandotherreportsinfluencePresidentTheodore
Roosevelt’sactions?[1]
______
______
Score
U.S.Hist.Gov’t.–Jan.’08[20]
Document7
PREFACE
Salary—Aperiodical[regular]allowancemadeascompensationtoapersonforhisofficialor
professionalservicesorforhisregularwork.–FunkandWagnalls.
Noticethewords,“aperson.”Hereisnodifferentiationbetweenmalepersonsandfemale
persons.
YettheCityofNewYorkpaysa“male”personforcertain“professionalservices”$900,while
payinga“female”persononly$600forthesame“professionalservices.”Strangerstill,itpaysfor
certainexperienceofa“male”person$105,whilepayinga“female”persononly$40forthe
identicalexperience.Thesearebutsamplesofthe“glaringinequalities”intheteachers’salary
schedules....
Source:GraceC.Strachan,EqualPayforEqualWork,B.F.BuckCompany,1910
7WhatisoneproblemaddressedbyGraceC.Strachan?[1]
______
______
Score
U.S.Hist.Gov’t.–Jan.’08[21][OVER]
Document8
Source:LibraryofCongress(adapted)
8Basedontheinformationonthisposter,whyischildlaborconsideredanationalproblem?[1]
______
______
Score
U.S.Hist.Gov’t.–Jan.’08[22]
PartB
Essay
Directions:Writeawell-organizedessaythatincludesanintroduction,severalparagraphs,andaconclusion.
Useevidencefromatleastfivedocumentsinthebodyoftheessay.Supportyourresponsewith
relevantfacts,examples,anddetails.Includeadditionaloutsideinformation.
HistoricalContext:
Throughoutthe1800sandtheearly1900s,reformerssoughttosolvethesocial,
political,andeconomicproblemsoftheperiod.Variousmethodswereusedby
reformerstoaddresstheseproblems.
Task:UsinginformationfromthedocumentsandyourknowledgeofUnitedStates
history,writeanessayinwhichyou
·Discussthesocial,political,and/oreconomicproblemsaddressedby
reformersinthe1800sandearly1900s. Inyourdiscussion,includethe
methodsusedbyreformerstoexposetheseproblems.
Guidelines:
Inyouressay,besureto:
·Developallaspectsofthetask
·Incorporateinformationfromatleastfivedocuments
·Incorporaterelevantoutsideinformation
·Supportthethemewithrelevantfacts,examples,anddetails
·Usealogicalandclearplanoforganization,includinganintroductionandaconclusion
thatarebeyondarestatementofthetheme
U.S.Hist.Gov’t.–Jan.’08[23]