Darwin’s Theory of Evolution - 1

1. The History of Life

  • Evolution______

______

  • Theory______

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  • Fossil______

They are connected…

Flashback…

  • The total variety of all the organisms in the biosphere = ______.
  • What scientific explanation can account for the diversity of life?______

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Proof of Evolution

  • Fossil Record – ______

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Theory of Pangaea

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2. Charles Darwin

  • Charles Darwin
  • The person who was most influential to our understanding of ______.
  • In 1831, at age 22, he joined the crew of the ______as a naturalist for a ______year voyage around the world.

Darwin and the HMS Beagle

  • During his travels, Darwin wrote ______of pages in his journals, ______pictures of the things he saw, and collected a vast amount of ______ that led him to propose a ______about the way .

Darwin’s Observations

  • Why do ______have different animals even though they have similar ecosystems?
  • ?
  • ?
  • How are these ______related to living species?

Galápagos Islands

  • While on his voyage around the world aboard the HMS Beagle, Darwin spent about ______month observing life on the .
  • There, he encountered some ______animals, such as ______and ______.
  • The Galápagos Islands are ______together but have very ______climates.

Galápagos Tortoises

Galápagos Finches

Darwin’s Findings

  • After his voyage, ______

3. Darwin Presents His Case

Darwin’s Findings

  • After Darwin returned to England in 1836 ______

______.

  • He did not rush to publish his ideas because ______

______.

Wallace’s Essay

  • In 1858, another naturalist, Alfred Russell Wallace ______

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Origin of Species

  • Suddenly, Darwin had incentive to publish the results of his work.
  • In 1859 ______

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Evolution is a THEORY

  • A theory______

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Keys to Darwin’s Theory

  • .

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  • .

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Vocabulary

  • Ability of an individual to survive reproduce in its environment = ______.
  • Any inherited characteristic that increases the chance of survival = ______.

What is Darwin’s Theory?

  • Over time, natural selection ______

______.

  • These changes ______.
  • How does it work?
  • ______suggests that each species has descended with changes, from other species over time.
  • This idea suggests that ______

______.

Darwin’s Theory of Evolution - 2

4. Evidence of Evolution

Homologous Structures

  • Structures, like the limbs of vertebrates, ______

______

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Homologous Body Structures

  • Some homologous body structures ______

______

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______

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Why Grow a Tail; or Legs…

  • The human embryo has a ______ at 4 weeks; which disappears at about 8 weeks.
  • Skinks are a type of lizard. In some species, ______ have become so small they no longer function in walking.
  • One explanation: ______

______

______

______.

Similarities in Embryology

  • .

Similarities in DNA

  • .

Similarities in Karyotypes

  • .

Artificial Selection

  • In artificial selection, ______

______

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  • Examples: ______

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

______

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  • Remaining the same = ______.

Genetic Drift

  • The ______in the frequency of alleles in a population.
  • Usually affects ______.

Verifying Darwin’s Findings

  • If Darwin’s theory is correct, ______

______

______

  • Tortoises adapted to different habitats as they spread from the mainland to the different islands. = ______= .
  • Adaptive radiation ______

______.


  • Additionally, if Darwin’s theory is correct you would also expect to find ______

______

______

______.

  • Whales and sharks have a similar body design even though they are very different organisms (one is a fish; the other, a mammal) because they have independently adapted to living in a similar environment = .