Biology Chapter 30 Study Guide: Homeostasis, Digestion, and Excretion
Study pages 862-883, 886-887
Vocabulary
Cells
Tissues
Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Nervous tissue
Muscle tissue
Organs
Organ systems
Homeostasis
Feedback inhibition
Calorie
Nutrients
Water
Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins
Vitamins
Minerals
Nutrition
Digestive system
Digestion
Mechanical digestion
Chemical digestion
Absorption
Elimination
Mouth
Teeth
Saliva
Amylase
Pharynx
Bolus
Epiglottis
Esophagus
Peristalsis
Cardiac sphincter
Stomach
Pyloric sphincter
Pepsin
Chyme
Duodenum
Small intestine
Pancreas
Liver
Gallbladder
Bile
Villi
Microvilli
Large intestine
Colon
Rectum
Anus
Excretion
Skin
Lungs
Kidneys
Ureters
Urinary bladder
Urethra
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Kidney stones
Dialysis
Concepts
1. List the levels of organization in the body from smallest to largest.
2. List and describe the four types of tissues.
3. Explain why it is important for your body to maintain homeostasis.
4. Describe a feedback inhibition loop.
5. List and describe the six major categories of nutrients, and know their basic functions in the body.
6. Describe the three different pathways of carbohydrates in your body.
7. List the fat-soluble vitamins, and explain what it means that they are fat-soluble.
8. Explain what a “balanced diet” means.
9. Know the pathway that food takes through the digestive system.
10. Know the function of each of the organs of the digestive system.
11. Explain why the stomach performs both mechanical and chemical digestion.
12. Explain why the small intestine performs both digestion and absorption.
13. Know where carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are broken down in the digestive system.
14. Know the functions of the enzymes amylase and pepsin.
15. Explain how the liver, bile, the gallbladder, and the small intestine work together.
16. Describe the structure of the villi and microvilli in the small intestine.
17. List the organs involved in excretion.
18. Explain how antidiuretic hormone affects urine creation.
19. List the three major kidney disorders, and the two methods for treating them.