Common Cations (Grouped by Charge):

Name / Formula / Other name
+1 ions:
Ammonium / NH4+
Copper(I) / Cu+ / Cuprous
Hydrogen / H+ / Proton
Hydronium / H3O+
Lithium / Li+
Nitronium / NO2+
Potassium / K+
Silver / Ag+
Sodium / Na+
+2 ions:
Barium / Ba+2
Calcium / Ca+2
Chromium(II) / Cr+2 / Chromous
Copper(II) / Cu+2 / Cupric
Iron(II) / Fe+2 / Ferrous
Lead(II) / Pb+2
Magnesium / Mg+2
Manganese(II) / Mn+2 / Manganous
Mercury(I) / Hg2+2 / Mercurous
Mercury(II) / Hg+2 / Mercuric
Strontium / Sr+2
Tin(II) / Sn+2 / Stannous
Zinc / Zn+2
+3 ions:
Chromium(III) / Cr+3 / Chromic
Aluminum / Al+3
Iron(III) / Fe+3 / Ferric
Manganese(III) / Mn+3 / Manganic
+4 ions:
Tin(IV) / Sn+4 / Stannic

Common Anions (Grouped by Charge):

-1 ions:
Hydride / H- / Nitrate / NO3-
Fluoride / F- / Nitrite / NO2-
Chloride / Cl- / Perchlorate / ClO4-
Bromide / Br- / Chlorate / ClO3-
Iodide / I- / Chlorite / ClO2-
Cyanide / CN- / Hypochlorite / OCl-
Cyanate / OCN- / Iodate / IO3-
Thiocyanate / SCN- / Bromate / BrO3-
Hydroxide / OH- / Hypobromite / OBr-
Amide / NH2- / Permanganate / MnO4-
Acetate / CH3COO- / Dihydrogen phosphate / H2PO4-
Formate / HCOO- / Hydrogen sulfate / HSO4-
Hydrogen carbonate
or Bicarbonate / HCO3-
-2 ions:
Oxide / O2- / Hydrogen phosphate / HPO42-
Sulfide / S2- / Chromate / CrO42-
Sulfate / SO42- / Dichromate / Cr2O72-
Thiosulfate / S2O32- / Carbonate / CO32-
Sulfite / SO32- / Oxalate / C2O42-
Peroxide / O22-
-3 ions:
Nitride / N3- / Arsenate / AsO43-
Phosphate / PO43- / Arsenite / AsO33-

Common Polyatomic Ions

+1 CHARGE / -1 CHARGE / -2 CHARGE / -3 CHARGE / -4 CHARGE
ion / name / ion / name / ion / name / ion / name / ion / name
NH4+ / ammonium / H2PO3- / dihydrogen phosphite / HPO32- / hydrogen phosphite / PO33- / phosphite / P2O74- / pyrophosphate
H3O+ / hydronium / H2PO4- / dihydrogen phosphate / HPO42- / hydrogen phosphate / PO43- / phosphate
Hg22+ / mercury(I) / HCO3- / hydrogen carbonate / CO32- / carbonate / PO23- / hypophosphite
HSO3- / hydrogen sulfite / SO32- / sulfite / AsO33- / arsenite
HSO4- / hydrogen sulfate / SO42- / sulfate / AsO43- / arsenate
NO2- / nitrite / S2O32- / thiosulfate
NO3- / nitrate / SiO32- / silicate
OH- / hydroxide / C22- / carbide
CH3COO- / acetate / C2O42- / oxalate
CrO2- / chromite / CrO42- / chromate
CN- / cyanide / Cr2O72- / dichromate
CNO- / cyanate / C4H4O62- / tartrate
CNS- / thiocyanate / MoO42- / molybdate
O2- / superoxide / O22- / peroxide
MnO4- / permanganate / S22- / disulfide
ClO- / hypochlorite
ClO2- / chlorite
ClO3- / chlorate
ClO4- / perchlorate
BrO- / hypobromite
BrO2- / bromite
BrO3- / bromate
BrO4- / perbromate
IO- / hypoiodite
IO2- / iodite
IO3- / iodate
IO4- / periodate
AlO2- / aluminate / N3- / azide