Archives of Microbiology

Relations between phenotypic changes of spores and biofilm production by Bacillus atrophaeus ATCC 9372 growing in solid-state fermentation

Sandra Regina B. R. Sella, 1, 2*; Belquis P. Guizelini, 2 ; Patricia Milla Gouvea2; Luís Felipe Minozzo Figueiredo2; Ciro A. O. Ribeiro3; Luciana P. S. Vandenberghe2; João Carlos Minozzo 1 ; Carlos Ricardo Soccol2

1 Production and Research Centre of Immunobiological Products, Parana State Department of Health, Piraquara-PR, Brazil.

2 Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba-PR, Brazil.

3Cell Biology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil

Correspondence should be addressed to: Sandra R. B. R. Sella at

Supplementary table

Table S1. Complete metabolic and enzymatic profiles of Bacillus atrophaeus culture obtained from spores cultivated on usual sporulation aga, agar plus soybean molasses and in SSF with different supports analyzed using the VITEK 2 system (bioMérieux)

ASSAY / ABBREVIATION / Well
concentration
(mg ) / Agar
(A1) / Agar
(A2) / Agar
(A3) / Agar +
molasses
(B1) / Agar +
molasses
(B2) / Agar +
molasses
(B3) / Bagasse
SSF
(C1) / Bagasse
SSF
(C2) / Bagasse
SSF
(C3) / Sand
SSF
(D1) / Sand
SSF
(D2) / Sand
SSF
(D3)
Amygdalin assimilation / AMY / 0.192 / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / - / - / + / + / +
Arginine dihydrolase / ADH1 / 0.111 / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / - / - / + / + / -
Alpha-glucosidase / AGLU / 0.036 / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / - / - / - / + / -
Phosphatase / PHOS / 0.050 / - / - / - / - / - / - / + / - / - / - / - / -
Alpha-galactosidase / AGAL / 0.036 / - / - / - / - / - / - / + / - / - / - / + / -
Tyrosine arylamidase / TyrA / 0.030 / + / + / - / + / - / + / - / - / - / + / - / -
L-pyrrolydonyl- arylamidase / PyrA / 0.018 / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / +
D-sorbitol / dSOR / 0.188 / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / +
D-galactose / dGAL / 0.300 / - / - / - / - / - / - / + / - / - / + / + / -
D-ribose / dRIB / 0.300 / - / + / + / + / - / + / - / - / - / + / + / -
L-lactate alkalinization / ILATk / 0.150 / - / + / + / + / + / - / - / - / - / - / - / -
Lactose / LAC / 0.960 / - / - / - / - / - / - / + / - / - / - / + / -
N-acetil-d-glucosamine / NAG / 0.300 / + / + / + / + / + / + / - / - / - / + / - / -
D-maltose / dMAL / 0.300 / + / - / - / - / + / - / + / - / + / + / + / -
D-mannitol / dMAN / 0.188 / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / +
D-mannose / dMNE / 0.300 / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / - / - / + / + / -
Methyl-B-D-glucopyranoside / MBdG / 0.300 / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / - / - / + / + / +
Salicilin / SAL / 0.300 / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / - / + / + / + / +
D-trehalose / dTRE / 0.300 / + / + / + / + / + / + / - / - / - / + / + / -
Gamma-glutamyl -transferase / GGT / 0.023 / - / - / + / - / - / + / - / - / - / - / - / -
D-cellobiose / dCEL / 0.300 / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / +
D-glucose / dGLU / 0.300 / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / +
Beta-glucosidase / BGLU / 0.040 / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / - / + / + / + / +
Beta xylosidase / BXYL / 0.030 / - / - / - / - / - / - / + / - / - / - / - / -
Palatinose / PLE / 0.300 / + / - / + / + / + / - / + / - / + / + / + / +
L-malato assimilation / IMLTa / 0.040 / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / + / - / - / - / -
Saccharose/sucrose / SAC / 0.300 / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / + / +
Courmarate / CMT / 0.130 / + / + / + / + / + / + / - / + / + / + / - / +
Beta galactopyranosidase / BGAR / 0.002 / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / + / - / -
Cyclodextrin / CDEX / 0.300 / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / + / - / -

`

Negative assays for all samples: phosphatidylnositol phospholipase C (0.188 mg); D-xylose (0.300 mg); beta-galactosidase (0.036 mg); ala-fe-pro-arylamidase (0.038 mg); cyclodextrin(0.300 mg); L-aspartate-arylamidase (0.024 mg); beta-galactopyranosidase(0.002 mg); alpha-mannosidase(0.036 mg); leucine arylamidase (0.023 mg); L-proline arylamidase (0.023 mg); beta-glucuronidase (0.002 mg); beta-alanine-arylamidase pNa(0. 018mg); tyrosine- arylamidase(0.028 mg); urease(0.150 mg); D-ribose (0.300 mg); L-lactate alkalinization (0.150 mg); pullulan (0.300 mg); D-raffinose(0.300 mg); arginine dehydrolase (0.270 mg); adonitol (0.188 mg); L-arabitol (0.300 mg); beta-n-acetyl-glucosaminidase (0,041 mg); glutamyl arylamidase pNa (0.032 mg); gamma-glutamyl-transferase(0.023 mg); fermentation/ glucose -OF (0.450 mg); lipase (0.019 mg); D-tagtose (0.300 mg); citrate (sodium)(0.054 mg); malonate (0.150 mg); 5-keto-D-gluconate (0.300mg), succinate alkalinization (0.150mg); beta-n-acetil-galactosaminidase (0.031mg); glycine arylamidase (0.012 mg); ornithine dexcarboxylase (0.300 mg); lysine dexcarboxylase (0.150 mg); L-histidine assimilation (0.087 mg); glu-gly-arg-arylamidase (0.058 mg); L-malalate assimilation (0.042 mg); Ellman (0.030 mg); L-lactate assimilation (0.186mg).