1
Extract from Queensland Government Industrial Gazette,
Dated 21 December 2007, Vol. 186, No. 20, pages 716-730]
QUEENSLANDINDUSTRIALRELATIONSCOMMISSION
IndustrialRelationsAct1999-s.278-unpaidwages
RenateBrysonANDStBrendan'sCollege(B/2007/29)
COMMISSIONERASBURY / 12December2007DECISION
1.Overview
ThisisanapplicationbyRenateBrysonunders.278oftheIndustrialRelationsAct1999(theAct). MsBrysonclaimsunpaidwagesintheamountof$13,952.71,fortheperiod19February2001and20May2006,asfollows:
- 2001-$1,705.58
- 2002-$1,511.03
- 2003-$4,480.59
- 2004-$2,780.75
- 2005-$3,431.20
- 2006-$ 43.56
TherespondentinthismatterisStBrendan'sCollege,Yeppoon(theCollege). TheCollegeconcedesthatMsBrysonwasunderpaidduringtheperiodsubjectofherclaim,byanamountof$8,595.86. ThedifferencebetweentheamountclaimedandtheamounttheCollegeconcedesisowed,isbasedonadisputebetweenthepartiesabouttheapplicationandinterpretationofcertainprovisionsoftheAwardandtheAgreement.
2.EvidenceandSubmissionsfortheApplicant
MsBrysonwasemployedbytheCollegein2001and2002asacasualinthekitchen,aswellasacleanerintheboardingdormitories. In2003,MsBryson'semployment(alongwiththatofothercasualemployees)wasconvertedtopart-timeemployment. On20January2003,aletterconfirmingthischangewassenttoMsBrysonunderthesignatureofMrMarkCranny,theCollege'sBusinessManager(Exhibit11Attachment1). Thatletter,countersignedbyMsBrysonon5February2003,attachesarosterasfollows:
" / KITCHEN / CLEANINGSUNDAY / 6.30a.m.to1.30p.m.
MONDAY / 5.45p.m.to9.15p.m. / 5.00a.m.to8.00a.m.
TUESDAY / 5.00a.m.to8.00a.m.
WEDNESDAY / 5.45p.m.to9.15p.m.
THURSDAY / 5.00a.m.to8.00a.m.
FRIDAY / 5.00a.m.to11.30a.m.
SATURDAY".
EssentiallythatrosterprovidedforMsBrysontowork15.5hoursperweekcleaningand14hoursperweekinthekitchen. Thisworkwasperformedoversixdaysoftheweek. TherewasevidencethatMsBryson'srosterwaschangedfromtimetotime,forreasonssuchasMsBrysonworkingadditionalhourstocoverforanemployeeabsentduetoillness,andbecauseofvariationsinthenumbersofboarders.
DuringtheperiodsubjectofMsBryson'sclaim,heremploymentwasregulatedbytwoindustrialinstruments. From19February2001until20April2005,theindustrialinstrumentregulatingthetermsandconditionsofMsBryson'semploymentwastheCatholicBoardingSchoolsandCollegesEmployees(ExcludingSouth-EastQueensland)-IndustrialAgreement(theAgreement). On20April2005,theAgreementwasrepealed,andanewaward,entitledCatholicBoardingSchoolsandCollegesEmployees(ExcludingSouth-EastQueensland)Award-State2005(theAward)cameintoeffect.
MsBrysoncontendedthatherentitlementtounpaidwagesclaimedstemsfrombreachesbytheCollegeofvariousprovisionsoftheAgreementandtheAwardinrelationtothefollowingmatters:
- arequirementforemployeestohavetwoconsecutivedaysoff;
- paymentswhenrecalledtoworkovertimeafterleavingtheemployer'spremises;
- achangetothebasisofMsBryson'semploymentfrompart-timetocasual,withoutherknowledgeoragreement;
- failuretopaysixhoursofsickleavefor19May2006;and
- failuretopayweekendpenaltyrates.
MsBrysonalsocontendedthatshewasnotpaidcorrectlyforovertimeworked,includingmealbreaks. MsBrysontenderedherpersonaldiariesfortheperiodcoveredbyherclaim. AperusalofthesediariesindicatesthatMsBrysonrecordedeveryaspectofherdailyactivitiesinminutedetail,includinghoursworked. MsBrysonalsotenderedherpayslipsfortheperiodinquestionandasummarysheetshowinghourssheclaimedtohaveworked,theamountpaidforthosehoursandtheamountsaidtobeowing. Thesummarydocument,comprisingsome130pageswasAppendixEtoMsBryson'sAffidavit(Exhibit1). MsBryson'soralevidencewasthatinnumerousweeksshewasrequiredtoworkfor7daysstraightwithoutabreak. MsBrysonalsocontendedthatshewasunderpaidonotherdaysandwasdeniedsickleavetowhichshewasentitledon19June2006.
MsBrysonsaidthatin2003,shewasdirectedbyFrankHildenbeuteltofalsifytimesheetsasmanagementdidnotwanttoseeovertimeontimesheets. AccordingtoMsBryson'sevidence,thiscouldbedemonstratedbyreferencetoherdiarywhichshowedhoursactuallyworked. Therelevantdayswere4,5,11,12,18,19,25and26August;1,2,8,9,15and16September;and6and7October2003. On15August2003thefollowingentryappearsinMsBryson'sdiary:
"Hadtochangemycleaningtimesheetduetodoubletimeandahalf,butFranksaidtoaddacoupleofhourssoIdon'tloseoutaltogether.WorkedoutMonandWed4hrseach,Tues,ThursandFriday7hrseach=58hrsforfortnight.Headofficedidn'twantanyonetoputovertimeontheirtimesheets.".
On3October2003afurtherentryappearsasfollows:
"Wastoldnottofalsifytimesheetsanymoreon10/10/03.Thislastpayfordoingso.".
AccordingtoMsBryson'sdiaries,theactualhoursworkedbyheronthosedateswereasfollows:
- 4August2003-3.5hourskitchenand9hourscleaning;
- 5August2003-9hourscleaning;
- 11August2003-3.5hourskitchenand9hourscleaning;
- 12August2003-9hourscleaning;
- 18August2003-3.5hourskitchenand9hourscleaning;
- 19August2003-9hourscleaning;
- 25August2003-3.5hourskitchenand9hourscleaning;
- 26August2003-9hourscleaning;
- 1September2003-3.5hourskitchenand9hourscleaning;
- 2September2003-9hourscleaning;
- 8September2003-3.5hourskitchenand9hourscleaning;
- 9September2003-9hourscleaning;
- 15September2003-3.5hourskitchenand9hourscleaning;
- 16September2003-9hourscleaning;
- 6October2003-3.5hourskitchenand6hourscleaning;and
- 7October2003-9hourscleaning.
MsBryson'sdiariesgenerallydonotindicatethestartingandfinishingtimesfortheperiodsoftimeworkedeitherinthekitchenorcleaning,anditisnotclearfromtheevidencewhetherMsBrysonreturnedhomebetweenkitchendutiesandcleaningdutiesondayswhenbothwereperformed. Generallythediariessimplystatethenumberofhourssaidtohavebeenworkedinthekitchen,theinfirmaryorcleaning. MsBrysonconcededthatinsomeinstances,withtheapprovalofMrHildenbeutel,sherecordedadditionalhoursatordinaryrates,inrespectofdayswhenshedidnotwork,sothatshereceivedcompensationfortheseovertimehours. However,theevidenceabouthowoftenthisoccurredwasnotclearandthematterwasnotclarifiedincross-examination.
MsBrysonalsosaidthatin2005,forsixmonthsfrom13Mayto14October,herrateofpayforcleaningdutieswaschangedfrompermanentpart-timetocasual,exceptfortheweekof24June2005whenthepart-timeratewaspaid. TheratepaidtoMsBrysonforworkinthekitchendidnotchangeduringthisperiod. ThischangewasmadewithoutMsBryson'sknowledgeorconsent. MsBrysonwasthenpromptedtoscrutiniseallofherpayslipsandcomparethemwiththehoursshehadrecordedinherdiary. MsBryson'sevidenceaboutthisperiodisunclear,butitappearsthatshecontendsthattheCollegehasnotcreditedherwithsickleaveorannualleaveforsixfortnightsduringthisperiod. Further,theCollegehascontendedthatMsBrysonwasoverpaidforthisperiod,byvirtueofbeingpaidacasualloading. MsBrysonsaidinherevidencethatshehadnotincludedthismatterinthepresentclaimforunpaidwages.
MsBrysonsaidthatherclaimisbasedonthefollowingclausesoftheAgreement:
- 3.3(6)penaltypaymentsforworkperformedonSaturdayorSundayforotherthanpart-timeorcasualemployees;
- 3.3(7)(a)paymentofcasualemployeesattherateof1/38oftheappropriateweeklyratewithatwohourminimumpayment;
- 4.6.2overtimemealbreaks;
- 4.6.3paymentatovertimeratesforalltimeworkedonrostereddaysoff;
- 4.6.6minimumpaymentforemployeesrecalledtoworkovertime;
- 4.9(1)minimumhoursofworkandrostersforpart-timeemployees;
- 4.9(2)hoursofworkforpart-timeemployees;
- 4.9(4)annualleaveforpart-timeemployees;
- 4.9(5)overtimeforpart-timeemployees;
- 5.1(1)annualleave;
- 5.2(1)paymentforworkonstatutoryholidays;and
- 5.3(3)sickleave.
InrelationtotheAward,MsBryson'sclaimwassaidtobebasedonthefollowingclauses:
- 4.3(1)hoursofworkforpart-timeemployees;
- 4.4.2(a)paymentofcasualemployeesattherateof1/38oftheappropriateweeklyratewithatwohourminimumpayment;
- 6.5.1overtimepayments;
- 6.5(2)overtimemealbreaks;
- 6.5(3)overtimeforworkperformedonanemployee'srostereddayoff;
- 6.5(6)minimumpaymentforemployeesrecalledtoworkovertime;
- 6.6.2weekendpenaltypaymentsforotherthanpart-timeorcasualemployees.
- 7.1.2annualleavetobeexclusiveofpublicholidays;
- 7.2.3evidencesupportingaclaimforsickleave;
- 7.6.1paymentforpublicholidaysworked;and
- 7.6.4paymentforpublicholidaysforemployeeswhodonotworkMondaytoFridayofeachweek.
OnperusingMsBryson'scalculations,itisapparentthatthefollowingmethodologyhasbeenadoptedtoformulatetheamountclaimed:
- ithasbeenassumedthatthemaximumnumberofordinaryhourswhichcouldbeworkedbyMsBrysoninanydaywas7.6;
- foreaseofcalculationthemaximumnumberofordinaryhourswhichcanbeworkedinanyonedayhasbeensetat7.5ratherthan7.6becauseMsBrysondidnotthinkthatsixminutesmattered;
- ithasbeenassumedthatwhereMsBrysondidnothavetwoconsecutivedaysoff,sheisentitledtobepaidatovertimeratesforworkperformedonthesixthandseventhdayinanyweek;
- MsBrysonhasclaimedanentitlementtoalaundryallowanceof$5.00perweek;
- ithasbeenassumedthatprovisionsrequiringaneighthourbreakbetweenworkonsuccessivedaysappliedtoMsBryson;and
- ithasbeenassumedthatpenaltyprovisionsforemployeesrecalledtoworkovertimeafterleavingtheemployer'spremisesonanydayappliedtoMsBryson.
3.EvidenceandSubmissionsfortheRespondent
MrO'NeillperformedwagescalculationsfortheRespondenttoascertaintheextentofanyunderpaymenttoMsBryson. AccordingtoMrO'Neill'sevidencethecalculationswereundertakenwithreferencetoMsBryson'stimesheets,andthetermsoftheAgreementandtheAward. ItwasconcededthattherehadbeenanunderpaymentofwagestoMsBrysoninrelationtothefollowingprovisionsoftheAgreementandtheAwardwhichwerenotappliedorhadbeenincorrectlyappliedbytheCollege:
- failuretopayovertimerateswhenthespreadofhoursworkedbyMsBrysonexceededfourteenhours;
- failuretopayovertimerateswhentherewaslessthananeighthourbreakbetweenMsBrysonceasingdutyononedayandcommencingonthenextday;
- failuretopayaminimumengagement periodwhentheengagementwasforonehour;
- failuretopayovertimeforhoursworkedinexcessof7.6inanyonedayasacasualemployee;
- failuretopayovertimeforhoursworkedinexcessof7.6inanyoneday,oroutsiderosteredhoursasapart-timeemployee;
- incorrectinterpretationofthepaymentforpublicholidays;
- failuretopayafourhourminimumwhenMsBrysonworkedforlessthanfourhoursonapublicholiday;
- morethanfivehoursofcontinuousworkwithnomealbreak;and
- paymentatacasualratherthanapart-timerateofpay.
AccordingtotheevidenceofMrO'Neill,theamountowedtoMsBrysonis$8,595.86comprisingthefollowingamountsfortheperiodsubjectofthepresentapplication:
2001-Underpaid$ 348.97
2002-Underpaid$2,657.90
2003-Underpaid$3,136.14
2004-Underpaid$3,206.74
2005-Overpaid $ 759.52
2006-Underpaid$ 5.63
ThemethodologyadoptedbyMrO'NeilltocalculatetheamountsaidtobeowedtoMsBrysonbytheCollegewasasfollows:
- paymentofovertime(timeanda-halfforthefirstthreehoursanddoubletimethereafter)foranyhoursinexcessofthespreadoffourteenhours;
- paymentofdoubletimewhereMsBrysonhadlessthananeighthourbreakbetweenceasingdutyononedayandcommencingdutyonthenext,withsuchpaymentcontinuinguntilMsBrysonreceivedaneighthourbreak;
- paymentofatwohourminimumengagementincircumstanceswhereMsBrysonhadworkedlessthantwohours;
- paymentofhoursworkedinexcessof7.6onanydayatovertimerates(timeanda-halfforthefirstthreehoursanddoubletimethereafter);
- whereMsBrysonwasapart-timeemployee,paymentwascalculatedforpublicholidaysnotworked,onthebasisofhoursthatwouldhavebeenworkedifnotforthepublicholiday;
- whereMsBrysonworkedonapublicholidayafourhourminimumpaymentattherateofdoubletimeanda-halfwascalculated;
- whereMsBrysonworkedmorethanfivehourscontinuouslywithoutamealbreak,hoursinexcessoffivewerecalculatedattherateofdoubletime.
Inhisoralevidence,MrO'NeillsaidthatithadbeenassumedthathoursworkedbyMsBrysonwithina14hourspreadeachdaywereordinaryhours,exceptwherethosehoursexceeded7.6. ThisapproachhadbeentakenasaresultofviewsexpressedduringconciliationproceedingsbyanothermemberoftheCommission,inrelationtodisputesbetweenMsBrysonandtheCollege. MrO'NeillalsosaidthatithadbeenassumedthatMsBrysonwasnotentitledtotwoconsecutivedaysoffperweekundertheAwardortheAgreement,eitherasacasualorapart-timeemployee.
MrCrannysaidthatitwashisresponsibilityasBusinessManagertosignoffonalltimesheets. ThemethodusedtoprocesstimesheetsattheCollegewasfortheemployeetocompletethetimesheetandhaveitsignedandverifiedbyhisorhersupervisor. Thesupervisorwouldthenforwardthetimesheettothepayrollofficerwhowouldcollatehoursworkedbytheemployeeonasummarysheet. MrCrannywouldthensignoffonthesummarysheetandforwardittothepayrollofficeattheProvinceCentreinBrisbane. Atalltimestherewasanexpectationthatstaffwouldworkinaccordancewiththeirrosters.
On27May2004amemorandumhadbeenprovidedtoMsBrysonindicatingtheneedtoconservehoursofworkduetobudgetaryconstraintsarisingfromenrolmentsnotbeingasbuoyantashadbeenhoped(referExhibit1AppendixF). AtthatpointtheCollegewasunderfinancialdifficultyduetodecliningenrolments. TheCollegewaslookingatallareasofitsoperationtoreducecosts. Ithadbeenemphasisedtosupervisorsthatrostersneededtobestrictlyadheredtoandthatnoadditionalhoursshouldbeworkedunlesstherewasaspecificneed.
Priortothepresentclaim,therewereatleasttwooccasionswheredisputesbetweenMsBrysonandtheCollegeoccurred,andoneachoftheseoccasionsMsBrysonsoughttheassistanceoftheQueenslandIndustrialRelationsCommission. Thesedisputesrelatedtoallegationsofworkplacebullying;additionalhoursworkedbyMsBrysonwhenanotheremployeewasabsentonWorkCoverandachallengebyMsBrysontoareductioninherhoursofworkduringvacationperiods. AccordingtoMrCranny,thesematterswereconcluded.
MrCrannyconfirmedthatinmid-October2004,MsBrysonbroughttohisattentionthefactthattherewerepaydiscrepancies. Thishadbeeninvestigated,andithadbeenestablishedthatMsBrysonhadbeenpaidasacasualemployeeratherthanapart-timeemployee. MrCrannyconcededthatthiswasanerror. AletterhadbeensenttoMsBrysonacknowledgingtheerrorandabackpayadjustmentofsome$900.00wasmade. ItwasalsobroughttoMsBryson'sattentionthatasacasualemployeeshewaspaidahigherratethanherusualpart-timerateofpay. AnumberofoptionswereofferedtoMsBrysoneithertoacceptthatthehigherrateofpaycompensatedherforleaveentitlementsduringtheperiodinquestion,ortorefundtheoverpaymentoverasuitableperiodoftime,andtohaveherleaveentitlementsforthatperiodcredited.
MrHildenbeutelwasresponsibleforverifyingthenumberofhoursworkedbyMsBrysoneachfortnight. ThiswasdonebysigningoffonthetimesheetsubmittedbyMsBryson. ItistheCollege'spolicythatstaffshouldworkinaccordancewiththeirrosters,andthoserostersmaychangefromtimetotime. Wheneverrosterswerechanged,MrHildenbeutelspoketostaffconcernedandgottheiragreement. GenerallyMsBrysonagreedtorosterchanges,butononeoccasionchallengedachangewhichreducedthenumberofcleaninghourssheworkedovertheschoolvacationperiod.
Inhisaffidavit(Exhibit12) MrHildenbeuteldeniedthatheinstructedMsBrysontofalsifytimesheets. Anotheremployee,MsAstin,wasabsentfollowingaworkers'compensationclaim. MsBrysonhaddisplayedaninterestinworkingextrahours,andMrHildenbeuteltoldMsBrysonthatstaffwerenottoworkovertimeunlessitwasapprovedbyMrCranny. MsBrysonhelpedMrHildenbeutelworkouthowtheadditionalhourscouldberecordedonhertimesheetsothatovertimewouldnotbepayable. MrHildenbeuteldidnotbelievethatthisarrangementwaswrongashewastryingtohelpMsBrysonbygivingherextrahours,andMsBrysonagreedwiththearrangementwhenitwasenteredinto.
Inhisoralevidence,MrHildenbeutelsaidthatMsBrysonhadbeenworkingMsAstin'sshiftsduringherabsenceandbeingpaidatovertimeratesforthatwork. MrCrannyhaddirectedthatovertimewastobereduced. MrHildenbeuteltoldMsBrysonthatthismeanttheadditionalshiftswouldneedtobegiventoanotherstaffmember. MsBrysonbecameagitatedandsaidthatshewantedtokeepthosehours. MsBrysonandMrHildenbeutelhadagreedthattimesheetswouldbecompletedsothatsomeofthehoursactuallyworkedononedaywhichwouldberequiredtobepaidasovertime,wouldberecordedasiftheyhadbeenworkedonanotherday,sothattheywouldnotappeartobeovertimehours. BecauseMrHildenbeutelknewthatMsBrysonwasentitledtoovertimepayments,hewouldaddadditionaltimetothehoursallocatedtootherdays. Forexample,ifMsBrysonworkedtenhoursonaparticularday,twoofthosehourswouldberecordedonhertimesheetasbeingworkedonanotherday,andanadditionalhouralsoaddedthetwohours. AccordingtoMrHildenbeutel,MsBrysonagreedwiththisprocessandsignedtimesheetsimplementingit.
4.RelevantProvisionsoftheAgreementandtheAward
4.1TheAgreement
RelevantprovisionsoftheAgreementareasfollows:
"3.1 Definitions
(1)'FullTimeEmployee'isoneengagedtowork38ordinaryhoursperweekonthebasisof52weeksperannum.
(2)'Part-timeEmployee'isanemployeeengagedtoworkaconstantnumberofordinaryhoursoflessthen38perweekonthebasisof52weeksperannum.
...
(4)'CasualEmployee'shallmeananyemployeeengagedassuchandwhoisemployedbythehourontheclassofworkforwhichheorsheisengaged.
...
3.3WagesandAllowances
...
(4)Uniforms
(a)WhereanEmployerrequiresanyemployeetowearanyspecialuniform,dressorclothingsuchshallbesuppliedbytheEmployerandsuchemployeeshallbepaidanallowanceof$5.00perweekunlesssuchuniform,dressorclothingislaunderedbytheEmployer.
...
(6)WeekendPenalty-Allordinarytimeworkedbyfull-timeemployees(otherthancasualsandpart-timeemployees)onaSaturdayorSundayshallbepaidforattherateoftimeandahalf.
(7)CasualEmployees
(a)Casualemployeesshallbepaidone-thirty-eighth(1/38)oftheappropriateweeklyrateofpayfortheclassificationconcernedandshallbepaidforaminimumoftwohoursperengagement.
(b)Inadditiontotherateprescribedinsubclause(a)thefollowingloadingsshallbepayable:
19%forallordinaryhoursworked.
69%wheretherateofpayisspecifiedastimeandahalf.
119%wheretherateofpayisspecifiedasdoubletime.
169%wheretherateofpayisspecifiedasdoubletimeandahalf.
...
4.1HoursofWork
Theordinaryworkinghoursshallbe7hoursand36minutesperday,38hoursperweekoverfive(5)daysperweekwithtwocontinuousdaysoffperweek. Suchordinaryhoursmaybeworkedwithinamaximumspreadof14hours,inclusiveofanunpaidmealbreak. Thereshallnotbemorethanonebreakduringtheordinarydailyworkinghours.
Subjecttoclause4.2(Implementationof38HourWeek)theordinaryhoursofworkforallemployeesengagedonaweeklyhiringotherthanpart-timeemployeesshallbeanaverageof38hoursperweektobedeterminedwithinthefollowingworkcycles:-
(a)38hourswithinaworkcyclenotexceedingsevenconsecutivedays;or
(b)76hourswithinaworkcyclenotexceedingfourteenconsecutivedays;or
(c)114hourswithinaworkcyclenotexceedingtwenty-oneconsecutivedays;or
(d)152hourswithinaworkcyclenotexceedingtwenty-eightconsecutivedays.
ProvidedthatwheretheEmployerandtheemployeesinaworksectionorsectionsagree,160hoursmaybeworkedwithinaworkcyclenotexceedingtwenty-eightconsecutivedayswithprovisionforonerostereddayoffperfour-weekcyclewhichmaybeaccumulatedandtakenaspaidtimeduringperiodsofschoolvacationsorpaidoutontermination.
ArostershowingstartingandceasingtimesfortheordinaryhoursofdutyofweeklyemployeesandthetimesbetweenwhichtheperiodisallottedforeachmealtogetherwiththesurnameandinitialsofeachemployeeshallbepreparedbytheEmployerandshallbepostedinaconspicuousplaceorplacesaccessibletotheemployeesconcerned. Therostershallbealterablebymutualconsentatanytimeorbyamendmentoftherosteronsevendays'notice. Wherepracticable,twoweeks'noticeofrostereddaysoffshallbegivenprovidedthatthedaysoffmaybechangedbymutualconsentorasrenderednecessarybytheabsenceofotheremployeesfromduty,shortageofstaff,orothercauseoverwhichtheEmployerhasnocontrolandinwhichcasestwelvehours'noticeshallbesufficient:Providedthatrostersshallprovideforaminimumofeight(8)hoursbreakbetweenthefinishofordinaryhoursononedayandthecommencementofordinaryhoursonthefollowingday.
Nightshiftworkersshallworkthesamenumberofhoursinunbrokenshiftsasdayworkersandtheperiodofnightdutyshallnotexceed4weeksinanyoneperiodandeveryemployeecomingoffnightdutyshallhave24hours'leavebeforeagainresumingduty. Noemployeeshallbeaskedtoagaindonightdutyunlesswithhisownconsentuntilhehasworkedaperiodofatleastfourweeksondaywork.
...
4.6Overtime
(1)Allworkdoneinexcessoftheordinaryhoursinanyonedayorbeforetherecognisedstartingtimeoraftertherecognisedceasingtimeshallbedeemedtobeovertimeandshallbepaidforattherateoftimeandahalfforthefirstthreehoursanddoubletimethereafter.
(2)Anyemployeewhoisrequiredtocontinueworkingformorethanoneandahalfhoursaftertheordinaryceasingtimeshallbeallowedthirtyminutesforamealforwhichnodeductionofpayshallbemade. Afurtherforty-fiveminutemealbreakaftereachadditionalfourhoursworkedshallbeallowed,forwhich nodeductionofpayshallbemade.
(3)Alltimeworkedonanemployee'srostereddayoffshallbepaidforattherateoftimeandahalfwithaminimumpaymentasforthreehoursworked.
(4)Whereanemployeeworkssufficientovertimetoaccrueamealbreakasprovidedinsubclauses(2)and(3),suchemployeeshallbepaidthesumof$7.00asmealmoneyor,asanalternative,theEmployershallsupplyfreetosuchemployeeasuitablemealinrespectofeachmealbreakprovidedforherein.
(5)Whereanemployeehasbeenpreviouslynotifiedoftherequirementtoworkovertimeandsuchovertimeisnotthenworked,intheeventoftheemployeehavingprovidedamealasaresultthereof,theemployeeshallbepaidthe$7.00mealallowanceasprovidedinsubclause(4)hereinnotwithstandingthefactthatnosuchovertimeisworked.
(6)AnyemployeerecalledtoworkovertimeafterhavinglefttheEmployer'spremisesshallbepaidfornotlessthantwohoursatovertimeratesinrespectofeachsuchrecall: Providedthattheprovisionsofthissubclauseshallnotapplywheresuchovertimeisworkedcontinuouslywithordinaryhoursofwork.
(7)Whenanemployeehavingworkedovertimefinishesworkatatimewhentheusualmeansoftransportisnotavailable,theEmployershallprovideequivalentsafealternatetransportwithcosttotheEmployee'sresidence.
(8)Anemployeewhoworkssomuchovertimebetweentheterminationofordinaryworkononedayandthecommencementofworkonthenextdaythattheemployeehasnothadatleasteightconsecutivehoursoffdutywithoutlossofpayforordinaryworkingtimeoccurringduringsuchabsence. IfontheinstructionsoftheEmployersuchemployeeresumesorcontinuesworkwithouthavinghadsucheightconsecutivehoursoffduty,theemployeeshallbepaiddoubleratesuntilreleasedfromdutyforsuchperiodandtheemployeeshallbeentitledtobeabsentuntilreceivingeightconsecutivehoursoffdutywithoutlossofpayforordinaryworkingtimeoccurringduringsuchabsence.
(9)Notwithstandingtherateprescribedinsubclause(1)hereof,theremaybeanagreementinwritingbetweentheemployeeandemployertotaketimeoffwithpayequivalenttotheamountforwhichpaymentwouldotherwisehavebeenmade. Suchequivalentaccumulatedtimemustbetakenwithinfourweeksfromthetimeofaccrual,orotherwisepaymentshallbemade.
4.7MealBreaks
(1)Permanentemployeesshallbeentitledtoadailymealbreakofnotlessthanthirtyminutesnormorethanonehour'sduration,tobetakenbetweenfourandsixhoursafterthecommencementofwork,orasatanyothertimeashasbeenmutuallyagreedbetweentheemployerandthemajorityofemployees.
(2)Part-timeemployeesandcasualemployeeswhoareengagedtoworkformorethanfivehoursadayshallbeentitledtoamealbreakofnotlessthanthirtyminutesnormorethanonehours'duration.
(3)Allworkperformedduringarecognisedmealbreakshallbedeemedovertimeandshallbepaidforattherateofdoubletime. Suchrateshallbecontinueduntilabreakoftheusualdurationforamealisallowed.
...
4.9Part-TimeEmployees
(1)'Part-timeEmployee'shallmeananemployee,otherthana'casualemployee'asdefinedinClause3.1ofthisAgreement,whoisengagedtoworkrosteredregularhourseachfortnightwithaminimumengagementoffifteen(15)hoursperfortnight. SuchrostershallshowthestartingandceasingtimesandthedaysuponwhichanemployeeisengagedtoworkaswellasthenumberofhourstobeworkedeachfortnightorasotherwisearrangedbymutualagreementbetweentheEmployerandtheUniontosuittheexigenciesoftheestablishment.
(2)Theordinarydailyworkinghoursshallbeworkedcontinuouslyexcludingmealbreaks,andshallnotbelessthanthree(3)hoursonanydayorsix(6)hoursonanydaywhereasplitshiftisworked. Suchsplitshiftsshallbeworkedbymutualagreementbetweentheemployerandemployee. Suchdailyhoursmaybeworkedwithinamaximumspreadof14hours,inclusiveofanunpaidmealbreakfromthestartingtime. Thereshallnotbemorethanonebreakduringtheordinarydailyworkinghours.
(3)Apart-timeemployeeshallbepaidthehourlyrateprescribedbytheAgreementandinadditionshallbeentitledtoaproratapaymentoftheshiftpremiumwhereappropriate.
(4)Apart-timeemployeeshallbeentitledtoprorataannualleave,sickleave,longserviceleave,andbereavementleaveonthesamebasisaspermanentemployeesandinaccordancewithsubclause(6)hereof. Aswell,whenastatutorydutyholidayfallsuponadaywhichwouldotherwisehavebeenapart-timeemployee'snormalworkingday,apart-timeemployeeshallbeentitledtobepaidforthatstatutoryholiday. Whenastatutoryholidayoccursduringaperiodoftheemployee'sannualleaveanextradayforeachsuchdaysooccurring.
(5)Apart-timeemployeewhoworksmorethantheordinaryprescribedinClause4.1shallbepaidovertimeinaccordancewithClause4.6oftheAgreement.
(6)Subjecttotheprovisionscontainedherein,allotherprovisionsoftheAgreementrelevanttopermanentemployeesshallapplytopart-timeemployees.
(7)TheEmployerwilladviseallemployeesuponengagementthatintheeventofchangedclientutilisationorservicesitbecomesnecessaryfortheEmployertoreducetheworkinghoursofpart-timeemployees,thepreferenceclausewilloperate.".
4.2TheAward
RelevantprovisionsoftheAwardareasfollows:
"4.1Employmentcategories
4.1.1EmployeescoveredbythisAwardshallbeadvisedinwritingoftheiremploymentcategoryuponappointment. Employmentcategoriesare:
(a)Full-time;
(b)Part-time(asprescribedinclause4.3);and
(c)Casual(asprescribedinclause4.4).
4.2Full-timeemployment
'Full-timeEmployee'meansapersonwhoisengagedtoworkonafull-timebasis.
4.3Part-timeemployment
4.3.1Part-timeemploymentisdefinedasanemployeewhoworksalessernumberofhoursthanconstitutefull-timeemploymentunderthisAwardandwhoworksaminimumnumberofhours,being15perweek;andamaximumnumberofhours,being38perweek;andaminimumnumberofconsecutivehours,being3perday;witharegularnumberofordinaryhoursperweek;andanyworkperformedbyapart-timeemployeeoutsideoftheordinaryrosteredhourstobepaidasovertime.
4.3.2Anyvariationstoworkpatternsofapart-timeemployeearetobeinaccordancewithAwardprovisionsforfull-timeemployees.
4.3.3Apart-timeemployeeistobepaidonaproratabasis(proportionatetothenumberofhoursworked)forwagesandemploymentconditionsasspecifiedinthisAwardforfull-timeemploymentforthesamekindofwork.
4.3.4Allotherconditionsforpart-timeemploymentotherthanthosespecifiedabove,shallbethosethatapplytofull-timeemployment.
4.3.5Apart-timeemployeeshallbepaidthehourlyrateprescribedbytheAwardandinadditionshallbeentitledtoaproratapaymentoftheshiftpremiumwhereappropriate.
4.3.6Anemployeewhodoesnotmeetthedefinitionofapart-timeemployeeandwhoisnotafull-timeemployeewillbepaidasacasualemployeeinaccordancewiththisAward.
Whereanemployeeandtheemployeragree,part-timeemploymentmaybeconvertedtofull-timeandviceversaonapermanentbasisorforaspecifiedperiodoftime. Ifsuchasemployeetransfersfromfull-timetopart-time(orviceversa)allaccruedAwardandlegislativeentitlementsshallbemaintained. Followingtransfertopart-timeemploymentaccrualwilloccurinaccordancewiththeprovisionsrelevanttopart-timeemployment.
4.4Casualemployment
4.4.1Acasualemployeemeansanyemployeeengagedassuchandwhoisemployedbythehourontheclassofworkforwhichtheemployeeisengaged.
4.4.2Casualemployees
(a)Casualemployeesshallbepaid1/38thoftheappropriateweeklyrateofpayfortheclassificationconcernedandshallbepaidforaminimumof2hoursperengagement.
(b)Inadditiontotherateprescribedinclause4.4.2(a)thefollowingloadingshallbepayable:
23%forallordinaryhoursworked.
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5.3Allowances
5.3.1DivisionalandDistrictallowances
AdultemployeesintheMackayDivisionshallbepaid90centsperweekandadultemployeesintheEasternDistrictoftheNorthernDivisionshallbepaid$1.05perweekinadditiontotheratesaboveprescribed.
AdultemployeesintheWesternDistrictoftheSouthernDivisionshallbepaid$1.05perweekandadultemployeesintheWesternDistrictoftheNorthernDivisionshallbepaid$3.25perweekinadditiontotheratesaboveprescribed.
5.3.2Uniforms
(a)Whereanemployerrequiresanyemployeetowearanyspecialuniform,dressorclothingsuchshallbesuppliedbytheemployerandsuchemployeeshallbepaidanallowanceof$5.00perweekunlesssuchuniform,dressorclothingislaunderedbytheemployer.
(b)Whereemployeesareworkinginwetareasanditisthereforenecessarythatwaterprooforotherprotectiveclothingsuchaswaterproofboots,apronsorglovesbewornbyanemployee,theyshallbesuppliedwithsamewithoutcosttotheemployee. Suchprotectiveclothingshallremainthepropertyoftheemployer.
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6.1HoursofWork
6.1.1Operationof38hourweek
(a)Subjecttoclause6.1.2(Implementationofa38hourweek),andsubjecttotheexceptionshereinafterprovided,theordinaryhoursofworkshallbeanaverageof38perweek,tobeworkedononeofthefollowingbases:
(i)38hourswithinacyclenotexceeding7consecutivedays;
(ii)76hourswithinaworkcyclenotexceeding14consecutivedays;
(iii)114hourswithinaworkcyclenotexceeding21consecutivedays;or
(iv)152hourswithinaworkcyclenotexceeding28days.
(b)Theordinaryhoursofworkshallnotexceed10hoursperday.
(c)Wherenecessary,employeesshallcommencetheirordinaryhoursandbreaksatdifferenttimestoensurecontinuityofservice.
(d)Theordinarystartingandfinishingtimesmaybealteredbytheemployerwiththeagreementofthemajorityofemployeesconcernedtosuitgeographic,safety,climaticortrafficconditions:
ProvidedthatanysuchalteredstartingandfinishingtimewillnotinvokeanypenaltypaymentthatwouldnotbepayableiftheAwardspreadofhourswasobserved.
(e)Employeesarerequiredtoobservethenominatedstartingandfinishingtimesfortheworkday,includingdesignatedbreakstomaximiseavailableworkingtime. Preparationforworkandcleaningupoftheemployee'spersonshallbeintheemployee'stime.
(f)Wherearostereddayfallsonapublicholiday,thefollowingdaymaybetakenwherepracticableinlieuthereofortheemployeeandtheemployermayagreetoanalternativedayoffdutyassubstitution.
(g)Payaveraging
Employeesshallbeentitledtoaweek'swagesinaccordancewithclauses5.2foreachweekofthecycle.
(h)Theentitlementtoarostereddayoffonfullpayshallbesubjecttothefollowing:
(i)eachdayofpaidleavetaken(notincludingannualleave,longserviceleave)andanypublicholidayoccurringduringanycycleof4weeksshallberegardedasadayworkedforaccrualpurposes.
(ii)anemployeewhohasnotworkedacomplete4weekcycleinordertoaccruearostereddayoffshallbepaidaprorataamountforcreditsaccruedforeachdayworkedinsuchcyclepayablefortherostereddayoff(i.e.anamountof24minutesforeach8hourdayworkedor2hoursforeach40hoursworked).
Forthepurposesofclause6.1.1(h),'worked'includespaidleavereferredtoinclause6.1.1(h)(i).
(i)Sicknessonarostereddayoffwhichhasresultedfromthe19daysmonthworkcycle
Whereanemployeeissickorinjuredontheirrostereddayofftheemployeeshallnotbeentitledtosickpaynorshalltheirsickpayentitlementbereducedasaresultofthesicknessorinjuryonthatday.
(j)Paymentofwages
Intheeventthatanemployeebyvirtueofthearrangementoftheemployee'sordinaryworkinghoursisrosteredoffdutyonadaywhichcoincideswithpayday,suchemployeeshallbepaidnolaterthantheworkingdayimmediatelyfollowingsuchpayday.
6.2Rosterposting
Arostershowingstartingandceasingtimesfortheordinaryhoursofdutyofweeklyemployeesandthetimesbetweenwhichtheperiodisallottedforeachmealtogetherwiththesurnameandinitialsofeachemployeeshallbepreparedbytheemployerandshallbepostedinaconspicuousplaceorplacesaccessibletotheemployeesconcerned. Therostershallbealterablebymutualconsentatanytimeorbyamendmentoftherosteron7days'notice. Wherepracticable,2weeks'noticeofrostereddaysoffshallbegivenprovidedthatthedaysoffmaybechangedbymutualconsentorasrenderednecessarybytheabsenceofotheremployeesfromduty,shortageofstaff,orothercauseoverwhichtheemployerhasnocontrolandinwhichcases12hours'noticeshallbesufficient:
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6.3Mealbreaks
6.3.1Permanentemployeesshallbeentitledtoadailymealbreakofnotlessthan30minutesnormorethanonehour'sduration,tobetakenbetween4and6hoursafterthecommencementofwork,orasatanyothertimeashasbeenmutuallyagreedbetweentheemployerandthemajorityofemployees.
6.3.2Part-timeemployeesandcasualemployeeswhoareengagedtoworkformorethan5hoursadayshallbeentitledtoamealbreakofnotlessthan30minutesnormorethanonehour'sduration.
6.3.3Allworkperformedduringarecognisedmealbreakshallbedeemedovertimeandshallbepaidforattherateofdoubletime. Suchrateshallbecontinueduntilabreakoftheusualdurationforamealisallowed.
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6.5Overtime
6.5.1Allworkdoneinexcessoftheordinaryhoursinanyonedayorbeforetherecognisedstartingtimeoraftertherecognisedceasingtimeshallbedeemedtobeovertimeandshallbepaidforattherateoftimeanda-halfforthefirst3hoursanddoubletimethereafter.
6.5.2Anyemployeewhoisrequiredtocontinueworkingformorethanoneanda-halfhoursaftertheordinaryceasingtimeshallbeallowed30minutesforamealforwhichnodeductionofpayshallbemade. Afurther45minutemealbreakaftereachadditional4hoursworkedshallbeallowed,forwhichnodeductionofpayshallbemade.
6.5.3Alltimeworkedonanemployee'srostereddayoffshallbepaidforattherateoftimeanda-halfwithaminimumpaymentasfor3hoursworked.
6.5.4Whereanemployeeworkssufficientovertimetoaccrueamealbreakasprovidedinclauses6.5.2and6.5.3,suchemployeeshallbepaidthesumof$9.60asmealmoneyor,asanalternative,theemployershallsupplyfreetosuchemployeeasuitablemealinrespectofeachmealbreakprovidedforherein.
6.5.5Whereanemployeehasbeenpreviouslynotifiedoftherequirementtoworkovertimeandsuchovertimeisnotthenworked,intheeventoftheemployeehavingprovidedamealasaresultthereof,theemployeeshallbepaidthe$9.60mealallowanceasprovidedinclause6.5.4notwithstandingthefactthatnosuchovertimeisworked.
6.5.6Anyemployeerecalledtoworkovertimeafterhavinglefttheemployer'spremisesshallbepaidfornotlessthan2hoursatovertimeratesinrespectofeachsuchrecall:
Providedthattheprovisionsofclause6.5.6shallnotapplywheresuchovertimeisworkedcontinuouslywithordinaryhoursofwork.
6.5.7Whenanemployeehavingworkedovertimefinishesworkatatimewhentheusualmeansoftransportisnotavailable,theemployershallprovideequivalentsafealternatetransportwithoutcosttotheemployee'sresidence.
6.5.8Anemployeewhoworkssomuchovertimebetweentheterminationofordinaryworkononedayandthecommencementofworkonthenextdaythattheemployeehasnothadatleast8consecutivehoursoffdutybetweenthosetimesshall,subjecttoclause6.5.8,bereleasedaftercompletionofsuchovertimeuntiltheemployeehashad8consecutivehoursoffdutywithoutlossofpayforordinaryworkingtimeoccurringduringsuchabsence. Ifontheinstructionsoftheemployersuchemployeeresumesorcontinuesworkwithouthavinghadsuch8consecutivehoursoffduty,theemployeeshallbepaiddoubleratesuntilreleasedfromdutyforsuchperiodandtheemployeeshallbeentitledtobeabsentuntilreceiving8consecutivehoursoffdutywithoutlossofpayforordinaryworkingtimeoccurringduringsuchabsence.
6.5.9Notwithstandingtherateprescribedinclause6.5.1,theremaybeanagreementinwritingbetweentheemployeeandemployertotaketimeoffwithpayequivalenttotheamountforwhichpaymentwouldotherwisehavebeenmade. Suchequivalentaccumulatedtimemustbetakenwithin4weeksfromthetimeofaccrual,orotherwisepaymentshallbemade.".
5.IssuesforDetermination
ItwasapparentfromtheevidencethatthereisnorealdisputeaboutthehoursworkedbyMsBryson. MsBrysonagreedthatthetimesheetstenderedtotheCommission(Exhibit9)areaccurate,otherthanfortheperiod4,5,11,12,18,19,25and26August;1,2,8,9,15and16September;and6and7October2003. Essentially,theissuesindisputecentreonthedifferinginterpretationsplacedbythepartiesonvariousprovisionsoftheAgreementandtheAwardrelatingtoovertime,breaksbetweenworkperiods,overtimecallouts,overtimemealbreaksandthemannerofworkingordinaryhours.
InrelationtotheerrorinpayingMsBrysonasacasualemployeefortheperiodfrom13May2005until14October2005,MsBrysonisnotclaimingforleavelostasaresult. Rather,MsBryson'sclaimforthisperiodisthatshewantstoknowwhoapprovedthechangetogiveherclosure. Further,MsBrysonclaimsthatshewasunderpaidforthisperiodduetotheCollegefailingtocorrectlyapplyAgreementprovisionsrelatingtoovertimecallouts. GiventhattheCollegeconcedesthatthiswasanerror,andtheevidenceofstepstakentoaddressthaterror,Icannottakethematterfurther,otherthantodealwithMsBryson'sclaiminrelationtotheAgreementprovisionsrelatingtoovertimecallouts.
TheCollegeconcedestherehasbeenanunderpaymentofwagestoMsBryson,andotheraspectsofMsBryson'sclaimarenotinissue.
6.Conclusions
IunderstandthatanotherMemberoftheCommissionmayhaveconsideredvariousaspectsofMsBryson'sclaiminconciliationproceedings. Ialsounderstandthatviewsmayhavebeenexpressed,andthatarecommendationwasmadeaboutthecalculationofsomeaspectsofMsBryson'sclaim. However,thoseviewswereexpressedinconciliationproceedingswherethefocusisonresolvingadisputeratherthanastrictawardinterpretation,andIamnotboundbythoseviews.
6.1OrdinaryhoursofworkforcasualemployeesundertheAgreement
GiventhatMsBrysonwasinitiallyemployedbytheCollegeonacasualbasis,thefirstissuefordeterminationisthemannerinwhichordinaryhoursforcasualemployeesmaybeworkedundertheAgreement. Forthefollowingreasons,Idonotacceptthesubmissionsofeitherpartyonthisissue. ThetermsoftheAgreementinrelationtohoursofworkforcasualemployeesarefarfromclear. Itcouldbesaidthattheordinaryhoursforcasualemployeesaresetbydefaultratherthanbyvirtueofaspecificprovision. Clause3.1(4)whichdefinestheterm"CasualEmployee"providesthatemploymentisbythehour,butmakesnoreferencetothemaximumnumberofordinaryhourswhichcanbeworkedbycasualemployees. Clause3.3(7)(a)establishesthebasisforcalculatingtherateofpayforcasualemployeesandrequiresaminimumpaymentoftwohoursforeachengagement. Unlikepart-timeemployeestherearenootherprovisionsoftheAgreementdealingwithhoursofworkforcasualemployees.
Hoursofworkaredealtwithgenerallyinclause4.1oftheAgreement. ThefirstparagraphofClause4.1oftheAgreementdoesnotspecificallyrefertocasualemployees,andcontainsprovisionswhicharguablydonotapplytosuchemployees. Thesecondandfourthparagraphsofclause4.1,byvirtueofthereferencetoemployeesonweeklyhiring,excludescasualemployees. OtherprovisionsofPart4oftheAgreementrelatingtorostereddaysoffandaveragingofhoursdonotapplytocasualemployees,whoarepaidforeachhourthattheywork. Thisisindicativethatcasualemployeesareexcludedfromtheprovisionsofclause4.1oftheAgreement.
IfthisviewistakentheresultisthattherearenomaximumordinaryhoursforcasualemployeesprescribedbytheAgreement. Thiswouldbeanunusualsituation,andifitwasthecasethens.9oftheIndustrialRelationsAct1999wouldprobablyapply. However,thiswasnotarguedonbehalfoftheCollege,anditwasacceptedbybothpartiesintheseproceedingsthatthemaximumordinaryhoursforcasualemployeesare7.6perdayand38perweek. ItwouldappeartobecontrarytostandardhoursofworkprovisionsinindustrialinstrumentstofindthatanAgreementwhichsetsmaximumordinaryhoursforweeklyemployeeshadnosuchprovisionsforcasualemployees. OnthatbasisIacceptthatfortheperiodofMsBryson'sengagementasacasualemployeeunderthetermsoftheAgreement,themaximumnumberofordinaryworkinghoursonanyonedaywas7.6,andinanyweekthemaximumnumberofordinaryworkinghourswas38.
ReadingtheAgreementasawhole,sothatallofitsprovisionshaveeffect,theordinaryhoursforcasualemployeesof7.6perday,maybeworkedwithina14hoursspread,allowingforanymealbreaksasprovidedinclause4.7andrestpausesasprovidedinclause4.8. Ordinaryhoursforcasualemployeescanbesplitintotwoperiodswithinthe14hourspread. However,whereordinaryhoursaresplitintotwoperiods,eachperiodisaseparateengagementtowhichtheminimumpaymentoftwohoursapplies.
Ifprovisionsofthefirstparagraphofclause4.1dealingwithmaximumdailyandweeklyhoursofwork,andthefourteenhourspreadofordinaryhoursapplybydefaulttocasualemployees,thentheprovisionsofthatparagraphrequiringemployeestobegiventwoconsecutivedaysoffmustalsoapply. Itisequallyarguablethatsuchaprovisionrelatestoweeklyfull-timeemployees,oratleasttoemployeesworking38hoursperweek. However,evenifthisprovisiondidapplytocasualemployeesworkinglessthan38hoursperweeksuchasMsBryson,Idonotacceptthatanemployeewhodoesnothavetwocontinuousdaysoffperweek,isentitledtobepaidforworkonthesixthandseventhdayatovertimerates. Overtimeisdefinedinclause4.6asworkdoneinexcessofordinaryhoursinanyonedayorbeforetherecognisedstarttimeoraftertherecognisedceasingtime.
Timeworkedbyanemployeeonthesixthorseventhdayofaweek,whereworkhasbeenperformedonthefirstfivedaysofthatsameweek,doesnotcomewithinthedefinitionofovertimeinclause4.6(1). Further,suchtimeisnotworkedonarostereddayofftoattracttheprovisionsofclause4.6(3). Arostereddayoffisaccruedbyanemployeeworkinga38hourweekinthemannerprovidedforinclause4.1. Foracasualemployeedayswhennoworkisperformedarenotrostereddaysoff. TheAwarddoesnotprescribeapenaltywhereacasualemployeedoesnothavetwoconsecutivedaysoff. WhilethismayconstituteabreachoftheAward,thatisnotamatterwhichcanbedealtwithbytheCommissionaspreviouslyconstituted. Accordingly,IrejectMsBryson'sclaimforovertimeratesforthesixthandseventhdayinanyweekwhereshewasrosteredtoworkontheotherfivedays.
6.2Ordinaryhoursofworkforpart-timeemployeesundertheAgreement
Inmyview,theprovisionsofclause4.1specifyinghoursdailyandweeklyhoursofworkdonotapplytopart-timeemployees. Theordinaryworkinghoursforpart-timeemployeesareestablishedbyclause3.1(2)andclause4.9. Theseclausesstandaloneandarenotsupplementedbytheprovisionsinthefirstparagraphofclause4.1. IcanalsoseenobasisforreadingtheAwardsothatclause4.1derogatesfromclauses3.1(2)and4.9. Byvirtueoftheoperationofclause3.1(2)andclause4.9oftheAgreement,theordinaryhoursofworkforpart-timeemployeesmustbeworkedwithinthefollowingparameters:
- ordinaryhoursmustbelessthan38perweek;
- ordinaryhoursmustberosteredsothattheyareregular;
- apart-timeemployeemustberosteredtoworkforaminimumof15ordinaryhoursperfortnight;
- aminimumnumberofthreehoursmustberosteredeachdayuponwhichworkisperformed,andasixhourminimumapplieswhereasplitshiftisworked;
- ordinaryhoursforpart-timeemployeesmaybeworkedwithinadailyspreadof14hours,includingmealbreaksandrestpausestowhichpart-timeemployeesareentitledundertheprovisionsofclauses4.7and4.8oftheAgreement;and
- ordinaryhoursforpart-timeemployeesmaybesplitintotwoperiodswithinthe14hourspread-splitshifts.
Providedthattheseparametersaremet,apart-timeemployeemayberosteredtoworkmorethan7.6ordinaryhoursinanyoneday. Thedailylimitsaresetbythe14hourspreadandmealbreakentitlements. Further,theprovisionsrelatingtotheestablishmentofrostersinclause4.1applytopart-timeemployeesonthebasisthattheyareweeklyemployees,andtherearenootherprovisionsrelatingtothesamematter. ItisalsoclearthatallchangestoMsBryson'srosterwereimplementedbyagreementbetweenMsBrysonandtheCollegeinaccordancewiththerequirementsinclause4.1oftheAgreement.
6.3OvertimeprovisionsundertheAgreement
Overtimeispayableunderclause4.6oftheAgreementwithrespecttoallhoursworkedinexcessoftheordinaryhoursinoneday,orbeforetherecognisedstartingtimeoraftertherecognisedceasingtime. DuringtheperiodwhenMsBrysonwasemployedasacasualemployeeundertheAgreement,shewasentitledtobepaidatovertimeratesforhoursworkedinexcessof7.6inanyonedayor38inanyweek. Duringtheperiodfrom27January2003to20April2005whenMsBrysonwasapart-timeemployeeundertheAgreementshewasentitledtobepaidatovertimeratesforhoursworkedinexcessofordinaryhoursrosteredinaccordancewiththeparameterssetoutabove,orforhoursworkedbeforetherecognisedstartingtimeoraftertherecognisedceasingtime.
HoursworkedbyMsBrysonbetween4Augustand7October2003,whenshefilledinforMsAstin,wereachangetoherroster,agreedbetweenMsBrysonandtheCollege. MsBrysonisnotentitledtobepaidforthesehoursatovertimeratessimplybecausetheyareinadditiontoherownhoursorbecausethosehourswerepreviouslyworkedbyanotheremployee. RatherMsBrysonisentitledtopaymentofovertimeforthesehours,whereasaresultofworkingthem,herhoursofworkwereoutsideoftheparametersforordinaryhourswhichmaybeworkedbypart-timeemployeesundertheAgreement. Forthereasonssetoutabove,duringtheperiodMsBrysonwasemployedonapart-timebasisundertheAgreement,shewasnotentitledtobepaidatovertimeratessimplybecauseherordinaryworkinghoursasvariedfromtimetotimeexceeded7.6onanygivenday.
Inmyview,casualandpart-timeemployeesareentitledtotheprovisionsofclause4.6(8)oftheAgreementsothattheyhaveeightconsecutivehoursoffdutybetweenceasingordinaryworkononedayandstartingordinaryworkonthenextday. Casualandpart-timeemployeesmayalsobeentitledtotheprovisionsofclause4.6(6)oftheAgreementwheretheyarerecalledtoworkovertimeafterleavingtheemployer'spremises. However,thisprovisionwouldnotapplywhereanemployeewasworkingasplitshiftinaccordancewitharoster,evenincircumstanceswheresomeovertimewasworkedatthestartorthecompletionofthesplitshift. Inthepresentcase,IamnotsatisfiedthatMsBrysonhasestablishedanentitlementtoanysuchpayment. IamunabletobesatisfiedthatwhereMsBrysonclaimstohaveattendedforworktwiceonthesameday,thatsuchattendancewasnotinaccordancewithbeingrosteredtoworkasplitshiftratherthanarecalltoworkovertime. Further,giventhatMsBryson'sdiariesdonotshowthestartingandfinishingtimesofperiodsofwork,itisnotestablishedonthebalanceofprobabilitiesthatshedidattendforworktwiceontheoneday. Accordingly,IrejectMsBryson'sclaimforpaymentunderthisprovisionoftheAgreement.
Itisalsothecasethatovertimemealbreaksareonlypayablewhereanemployeecontinuestoworkformorethanoneanda-halfhoursoutsidetheordinaryceasingtime. Evenwheresplitshiftsareworked,wherethesecondperiodofworkincludesovertimesothattheemployeeworksanadditionaloneanda-halfhoursafterthemaximumordinarydailyworkinghours,employeesareentitledtoanovertimemealbreakinaccordancewithclause4.6.2oftheAgreement.
6.4Ordinaryhoursofworkforpart-timeemployeesundertheAward
GiventhatMsBrysonwasemployedonapart-timebasisatalltimeswhentheAwardappliedwithrespecttoherclaim,itisnotnecessarytoexaminetheoperationoftheAwardwithrespecttocasualemployees. TheprovisionsoftheAwardgoverningordinaryhoursofworkforpart-timeemployeesareclearerthanthoseoftheAgreement. Ordinaryhoursofworkforpart-timeemployeesmustbeworkedinaccordancewithclause4.3oftheAward. Clause4.3oftheAwardestablishesthefollowingparameterswithrespecttoordinaryhoursofworkforpart-timeemployees.
Inaccordancewithclause4.3.1oftheAward,ordinaryhoursforpart-timeemployeesmustbelessthanordinaryhoursforfulltimeemployees - i.e.lessthan38ordinaryhoursperweek. Aminimumof15ordinaryhoursperweekandthreeordinaryhoursperdaymustbeworkedbypart-timeemployees. Somewhatconfusingly(giventhattheordinaryhoursforpart-timeemployeesmustbelessthanthoseforfulltimeemployees)themaximumnumberofordinaryhoursforpart-timeemployeesissetat38perweek. Theremustbearegularnumberofordinaryhoursperweekandbyvirtueofclause4.3.2,anyvariationstoworkpatternsforpart-timeemployeesaretobeinaccordancewithAwardprovisionsforfulltimeemployees. Byvirtueofclause6.2oftheAwardrostersmaybealteredbymutualagreementatanytime,orwithsevendaysnoticebytheemployer. ThereisnoevidencethatanychangestoMsBryson'srosterwereimplementedotherthanasprovidedforintheAward-thatiswithMsBryson'sagreement.
Clause4.3oftheAwarddoesnotprescribeamaximumnumberofordinaryhourswhichcanbeworkedbypart-timeemployeesonanyday. However,clause4.3(2)doesprovidethatallotherconditionsforpart-timeemploymentotherthanthoseprescribedinclauses4.31to4.3.3,shallbethosethatapplytofulltimeemployment. Significantly,clause6.1.1(b)whichdealswithordinaryhoursofworkforfull-timeemployeesprovidesthatordinaryhoursofworkshallnotexceedtenhoursperday. Becauseclause4.3oftheAwardissilentastothemaximumnumberofordinaryhoursperdaywhichcanbeworkedbypart-timeemployees,clause6.1.1(b)appliestoestablishamaximumoftenordinaryhoursperday.
Further,thereisnoentitlementforemployeesundertheAwardtobegiventwoconsecutivedaysoffperweek. Asapart-timeemployeeundertheAward,MsBrysonwasnotentitledtorostereddaysoff,andthepenaltiesapplicableforworkonsuchdaysdonotapplywhereMsBrysonworkedonthesixthorseventhdayofanyweek,whereshehadalreadyworkedonthefirstfivedays,orwhereMsBryson'srosterdidnotprovidefortwoconsecutivedaysoffperweek.
6.5Overtimeforpart-timeemployeesundertheAward
Overtimeisdefinedinclause6.5oftheAwardasallworkdoneinexcessoftheordinaryhoursonanyonedayorbeforetherecognisedstartingtimeoraftertherecognisedfinishingtime. Forthereasonssetoutin6.4above,duringtheperiodwhenMsBrysonworkedunderthetermsoftheAward,shewasentitledtoovertimeonlywhensheworkedinexcessoftenordinaryhoursinanyonedayoroutsidehernormalstartorfinishtime. ThereisnoevidenceofMsBrysonbeingrequiredtoworkmorethan38hoursinanyweekduringtheperiodheremploymentwasgovernedbytheAward. Itisaccordinglynotnecessarytoresolvetheconflictinclause4.3.1inrelationtothemaximumnumberofweeklyhoursspecifiedforcasualemployeesinclause4.3.
Part-timeemployeesareentitledtoanovertimemealbreakunderclause6.5.2oftheAwardwheretheywork1.5hoursaftertheirusualceasingtime.
TheprovisionsoftheAgreementenablingsplitshiftstobeworked,arenotfoundintheAward. Accordingly,theAwarddoesnotprovideforemployeestoberosteredfortwoseparateperiodsofworkontheoneday,otherthanwhensuchperiodsarepunctuatedbymealbreaksorrestpauses. However,aspreviouslynoted,MsBryson'sdiariesdonotindicatethetimesthatvariousperiodsofworkstartedandfinishedonanygivenday. Further,therosterprovidingfortwoseparateworkperiodsononedaywasineffectwhileMsBrysonwasemployedundertheAgreementwhichdidprovideforsplitshifts. ThereisnoevidenceofanysuchrosterduringtheperiodtheAwardapplied. Accordingly,Iamunabletobesatisfiedthattheprovisionsofclause6.5.6prescribingpenaltiesforemployeesrecalledtoworkovertime,appliedtoMsBrysonwhileheremploymentwascoveredbytheAwardandIrejectthataspectofherclaim.
6.6OtheraspectsofMsBryson'sclaim
OtheraspectsofMsBryson'sclaimareeitherunsustainableorwerenotpursued. Despitespendingtimeinthehearingcross-examiningwitnessesaboutnotbeingpaidforsickleave,MsBrysondidnotpursuethismatterandprovidedinsufficientevidencetojustifythisaspectofherclaim. Similarly,MsBrysonsoughttoestablishwhoauthorisedthepurportedchangetohercontractofemploymentin2005ratherthantopursueanyclaimforunpaidwagesinrespectofleaveforthatperiod. Thiswassimplyirrelevant,particularlygiventheconcessiononbehalfoftheCollegethatthechangewasanerrorandshouldnothaveoccurred. ThecalculationsattachedtoMsBryson'sapplicationindicatethataclaimforauniformallowanceisincluded. MsBrysonhasnotestablishedthatshewasrequiredtowearauniform. Thereisnoevidenceuponwhichaclaimforauniformallowancecouldbebased. Irejectthisaspectoftheclaim.
MsBryson'sclaimsforweekendpenaltyratesunderclauses3.3(6)oftheAgreementand6.6.2oftheAwardaremisconceived. Bothclausesclearlystatethattheyhavenoapplicationtopart-timeorcasualemployees. Similarly,forreasonssetoutabove,MsBrysonwasnotentitledtoovertimepaymentsforworkonrostereddaysoffunderclauses4.6.3oftheAgreementand6.5(3)oftheAward,becauseasacasualandlaterapart-timeemployee,shedidnotworkinamannerwherebysheaccruedrostereddaysoff. OtheraspectsofMsBryson'sclaimhavebeenconcededonbehalfoftheCollege.
IdonotcondonetheactionsofMrHildenbeutelinparticipatinginthealterationofMsBryson'stimesheets. However,IacceptthatMsBrysonwasnotcoerced,wasawillingparticipant,andtosomeextentaninstigatorofwhatoccurred. IalsoacceptthatMrHildenbeutelwasprincipallymotivatedtogiveMsBrysontheadditionalhoursthatshesoughtandtookstepstoattempttocompensateMsBrysonforthelostovertime,byallowinghertoclaimwagesforhoursnotworked. HavingheardMsBryson'sclaim,andwitnessedherabilitytopressargumentsforwhatshebelievesareherentitlements,IcanwellunderstandwhyMrHildenbeutelmighthavesoughttoappeaseMsBryson. Regardlessofthereasonsforthechangestothetimesheets,theresultwasthatMsBrysonwasunderpaidforthatperiod,andsheisentitledtomountaclaimonthatbasis. InmyviewMrsBrysonwillbeadequatelycompensatedforanyunderpaymentforthisperiodbytheamountorderedtobepaidtoherin6.7below.
6.7Order
Onbalance,IhavedecidedtoawardMsBrysontheamountconcededonbehalfoftheCollegeattheoutsetoftheseproceedings. Ihavereachedthisconclusionforthefollowingreasons. IgenerallyacceptthecalculationsundertakenbyMrO'NeillinpreferencetothoseofMsBryson.. MsBrysonacceptedthathertimesheetswerecorrect,otherthanduringtheperiodbetween4Augustand7October2003whenhertimesheetswerealteredinconjunctionwithMrHildenbeutel. ThecalculationsonbehalfoftheCollegeweremadewithreferencetothosetimesheets. ManyoftheclaimsmadebyMsBrysonaremisconceivedinthattheyarebasedonmisinterpretationofprovisionsoftheAgreementandtheAward. MsBrysonhasnottakenintoaccountaperiodofsixminuteseachdayatordinaryrates. WhilethismayappeartobeaninsignificantmatterintheeyesofMsBryson,overtheperiodoftheclaimitislikelythatsixminutesoneachdaythatovertimeisclaimedisanamountofsomesubstance.
WhilethecalculationsconductedbyMrO'Neillareincorrectinrelationtoovertimemealpayments,thisismorethanoffsetbythefactthattheoffermadeonbehalfoftheCollegeiscalculatedtothedisadvantageoftheCollegeintermsoftheprovisionsoftheAgreementandtheAward. Inshort,thecalculationsonbehalfoftheCollegearepredicatedonpart-timeemployeesunderboththeAgreementandtheAwardbeinglimitedtoworking7.6ordinaryhoursinaday. WhilethismethodofcalculationisunderstandablegiventhelengthyhistoryofMsBryson'sclaimandtheconciliationproceedingsconductedbyanotherMemberoftheCommission,itisnotcorrect. IhavenodoubtthatifasecondcalculationwasdoneinaccordancewiththetermsoftheAgreementandtheAward,theamountowedtoMsBrysonwouldbelessthantheamountconcededbytheCollege. Commendably,theCollegedidnotseektoreserveitspositioninrelationtothecalculationintheeventthattheCommissionruledthatalesseramountwasowedtoMsBryson. ThisisunderstandablegiventheinordinateamountoftimeandeffortwhichhasbeenexpendedinrelationtoMsBryson'sclaims.
IorderthatStBrendan'sCollege,Yeppoon,paytoMsRenateBrysontheamountof$8,595.86withinsevendaysofthedateofreleaseofthisdecision.
I.C.ASBURY,Commissioner.HearingDetails:
200725May
12and13June
Released: 12 December 2007 / Appearances:
Theapplicantonherownbehalf.
MrK.CuddihyoftheQueenslandCatholicEducationCommissionfortherespondent.
Government Printer, Queensland
The State of Queensland 2007.