Foreign Affairs
Volume 91, Issue 5, Sep/Oct 2012
1. Title: The Crisis of Europe: How the Union Came Together and Why It's Falling Apart
Authors:Ash, Timothy Garton
Abstract:After World War II, Europe began a process of peaceful political unification unprecedented there and unmatched anywhere else. But the project began to go wrong in the early 1990s, when western European leaders started moving too quickly toward a flawed monetary union. Now, as Europe faces a still-unresolved debt crisis, its drive toward unification has stalled-and unless fear or foresight gets it going again, the union could slide toward irrelevance.
2. Title:Why the Euro Will Survive: Completing the Continent's Half-Built House
Authors:Bergsten, C Fred.
Abstract:The euro's naysayers have it all wrong. True, the continent's powerhouses have yet to agree on a clear plan to save the common currency, as each one is seeking to secure the best deal for itself. But they all also know that the collapse of the eurozone would be a political and economic disaster, so they will ultimately pay whatever price is necessary to keep it together.
3.Title:Germany's Unsustainable Growth: Austerity Now, Stagnation Later
Authors:Tooze, Adam.
Abstract:Germany seems like Europe's lone island of fiscal stability, but trouble lurks under its impressive export-fueled growth. An obsession with debt and austerity has blocked domestic investment as the country has ignored problems such as a shrinking work force and outdated infrastructure. Germany needs to borrow and spend more or face the end of its economic miracle.
4. Title:How China Sees America: The Sum of Beijing's Fears
Authors:Nathan, Andrew J; Scobell, Andrew.
Abstract:The United States worries about China's rise, but Washington rarely considers how the world looks through Beijing's eyes. Even when U.S. officials speak sweetly and softly, their Chinese counterparts hear sugarcoated threats and focus on the big stick in the background. America should not shrink from setting out its expectations of Asia's rising superpower-but it should do so calmly, coolly, and professionally.
5. Title:Bucking Beijing: An Alternative U.S. China Policy
Authors:Friedberg, Aaron L.
Abstract:For decades, U.S. China policy has been driven by a combination of engagement and balancing. The Obama administration has put too much weight on the first, and diplomatic happy talk has done nothing to halt Beijing's military buildup. The next administration should get real about China and bolster the balancing half of Washington's strategic equation.
6. Title:The Other Russia: Discontent Grows in the Hinterlands
Authors:Dmitriev, Mikhail; Treisman, Daniel.
Abstract:Moscow's anti-Putin protesters have captured the world's attention. But does their message resonate outside the big cities? New research shows that although Russians in the provinces have no taste for revolution, noisy street protests, or abstract slogans, they are deeply unhappy with the current political system and may soon demand change themselves.
7. Title:The Rise of Settler Terrorism: The West Bank's Other Violent Extremists
Authors: Byman, Daniel; Sachs, Natan.
Abstract:Israeli authorities in the West Bank have long worried about stopping Palestinian terrorism. Now, they need to add a new item to the agenda: stopping radical Jewish settlers who have begun attacking innocent Palestinians and Israeli soldiers alike. Jerusalem has to the stop the violence, and Washington should help.
8. Title:Obamacare and the Court: Handing Health Policy Back to the People
Authors:Friedman, Barry.
Abstract:Pundits predicted that the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling on the Affordable Care Act would make history. In fact, by upholding the individual mandate as a tax, the justices took themselves largely out of the picture, ensuring that the debate over health care will play out in the political sphere, where it belongs.
9. Title:America the Undertaxed: U.S. Fiscal Policy in Perspective
Authors: Campbell, Andrea Louise.
Abstract:Compared with other developed countries, the United States has very low taxes, little income redistribution, and an extraordinarily complex tax code. If it wanted to, the government could raise taxes without crippling growth or productivity. Tax reform is ultimately a political choice, not an economic one-a statement about what sort of society Americans want.
10. Title:The Scottish Play: Edinburgh's Quest for Independence and the Future of Separatism
Authors: King, Charles.
Abstract:As a referendum on Scotland's independence looms, the question of the region's place in the United Kingdom has become the most pressing issue in British politics. Its experience shows how a smart secessionist party can dismantle a functioning country, and how central governments eager to buy off regions can end up making matters worse.
11. Title:Arms Away: How Washington Squandered Its Monopoly on Weapons Sales
Authors:Caverley, Jonathan; Kapstein, Ethan B.
Abstract:For two decades, the United States has dominated the global arms trade, reaping a broad range of economic and geopolitical benefits in the process. But short-sighted decisions to produce expensive, cutting-edge weapons systems, rather than cheaper, more practical ones, are squandering this monopoly and letting other countries get into the market.
12. Title:Latin Lessons: Who Are Hispanic Americans, and How Will They Vote?
Authors:Suarez, Ray.
Abstract:Latinos in the New Millennium: An Almanac of Opinion, Behavior, and Policy Preferences, by Luis R. Fraga, John A. Garcia, Rodney E. Hero, Michael Jones-Correa, Valerie Martinez-Ebers, and Gary M. Segura, is reviewed.
13. Title:Government, Geography, and Growth: The True Drivers of Economic Development
Authors:Sachs, Jeffrey D.
Abstract:Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity, and Poverty, by Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson, is reviewed.
14. Title:Iran and the Bomb: Would a Nuclear Iran Make the Middle East More Secure?/Waltz Replies
Authors:Kahl, Colin H; Waltz, Kenneth N.
Abstract:Kenneth Waltz is probably right that a nuclear-armed Iran could be deterred from deliberately using nuclear weapons or transferring a nuclear device to terrorists ("Why Iran Should Get the Bomb," July/ August 2012). But he is dead wrong that the Islamic Republic would likely become a more responsible international actor if it crossed the nuclear threshold. In making that argument, Waltz mischaracterizes Iranian motivations and badly misreads history. He ignores important political science research into the effects of nuclear weapons. It is possible to oppose a rush to war with Iran without arguing, as Waltz does, that a nuclear-armed Iran would make the world a better place. In reply, Waltz states that short of using military force, it is difficult to imagine how Iran could be prevented from acquiring nuclear weapons if it is determined to do so. That outcome would produce a lamentable possible increase in terrorism and lower-level conflict.
15. Title:Is Growth Good? Resources, Development, and the Future of the Planet/Lomborg Replies
Authors:Beinecke, Frances; Meadows, Dennis; Randers, Jørgen; Harte, John; Harte, Mary Ellen.
Abstract:This article presents author Bjorn Lomborg's replies to critics of his recent article "Environmental Alarmism, Then and Now," July/ August 2012. Lomborg argues that the modern environmental movement has been distracted by unproductive goals and a desire to thwart economic growth. As evidence, he cites The Limits to Growth, a book published in 1972 by a group of scientists associated with the Club of Rome. He assumes that those who acknowledge that the planet has finite resources must necessarily oppose economic progress. This framing reveals the limitations of Lomborg's argument. Unfortunately, Lomborg said, the world will be hard-pressed to focus on smarter environmental policies until it has expunged the dreadful doom of The Limits to Growth. And unless the environmental movement can overcome its fear of economic growth, it will also too easily forget the plight of the billions of poor people who require, above all, more and faster growth.
16. Title:Stimulus or Reform? Charting a Path Out of the Recession/Rajan Replies
Authors:Chinn, Menzie D; Smith, Karl; Rajan, Raghuram G.
Abstract:This article presents author Raghuram Rajan's replies to critics of his recent article. In "The True Lessons of the Recession" (May/June 2012). Rajan sketches a structuralist interpretation of the Great Recession's causes and aftermath and draws out the resulting policy implications. Although he gets much right about the causes of the crisis, the reforms he recommends for ending it are misguided. In criticizing work, it is often easier to caricature it, replied Rajan, because caricatures are easier to attack. The main point of his essay was that demand was bloated in the years before the Great Recession, thanks to unsustainable borrowing by governments, households, and the financial sector, with the importance of each varying by country. Bloated demand also distorted the supply side, which fed back into demand. In the US, as more people bought houses financed with easy credit, home prices increased, and people borrowed against their homes to buy washing machines and cars.
以下是书评:
17. Title:Johnson the Power Broker: How LBJ Got What He Wanted
Authors:Brands, H W
Abstract:The article reviews the book “The Passage of Power” by Robert A. Caro.
18. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: Political and Legal: Trust in International Cooperation: International Security Institutions, Domestic Politics, and American Multilateralism
Authors:Ikenberry, G John
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Trust in International Cooperation: International Security Institutions, Domestic Politics, and American Multilateralism” bybrian c. rathbun.
19. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: Political and Legal: Beyond Great Powers and Hegemons: Why Secondary States Support, Follow, or Challenge
Authors: Ikenberry, G John
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Beyond Great Powers and Hegemons: Why Secondary States Support, Follow, or Challenge” by Kristen P. Williams, Steven E. Lobell, and Neal G. Jesse.
20. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: Political and Legal: Pax Ethnica: Where and How Diversity Succeeds
Authors: Ikenberry, G John
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Pax Ethnica: Where and How Diversity Succeeds” byKarl E. Meyer and Shareen Blair Brysac.
21.Title:Recent Books on International Relations: Political and Legal: Rational Empires: Institutional Incentives and Imperial Expansion
Authors: Ikenberry, G John
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Rational Empires: Institutional Incentives and Imperial Expansion” byLeo J. Blanken.
22. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: Political and Legal: The Credibility of Transnational NGOs: When Virtue Is Not Enough
Authors: Ikenberry, G John.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “The Credibility of Transnational NGOs: When Virtue Is Not Enough” byPeter A. Gourevitch, David A. Lake and Janice Gross Stein.
23. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: Economic, Social, and Environmental: Who Needs to Open the Capital Account?
Authors: Cooper, Richard N
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Economic, Social, and Environmental richard n. co oper Who Needs to Open the Capital Account?” byolivier jeanne, arvind subra - manian, and john williamson.
24. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: Economic, Social, and Environmental: Betting on Biotech: Innovation and the Limits of Asia's Developmental State
Authors: Cooper, Richard N.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Betting on Biotech: Innovation and the Limits of Asia's Developmental State” by Joseph Wong.
25. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: Economic, Social, and Environmental: Economics after the Crisis: Objectives and Means
Authors: Cooper, Richard N
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Economics after the Crisis: Objectives and Means” by Adair Turner.
26. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: Economic, Social, and Environmental: Tearing Down Walls: The International Monetary Fund 1990-1999
Authors:Cooper, Richard N
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Tearing Down Walls: The International Monetary Fund 1990-1999” byJames M. Boughton.
27. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: Economic, Social, and Environmental: The Green Paradox: A Supply-Side Approach to Global Warming
Authors: Cooper, Richard N
Abstract:The article reviews the book “The Green Paradox: A Supply-Side Approach to Global Warming” by Hans-Werner Sinn.
28. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: Military, Scientific, and Technological: Embers of War: The Fall of an Empire and the Making of America's Vietnam/Before the Quagmire: American Intervention in Laos, 1954-1961
Authors: Freedman, Lawrence D
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Embers of War: The Fall of an Empire and the Making of America's Vietnam” by Fredrik Logevall and “Before the Quagmire: American Intervention in Laos, 1954-1961” by William J. Rust.
29. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: Military, Scientific, and Technological: War Time: An Idea, Its History, Its Consequences
Authors:Freedman, Lawrence D
Abstract:The article reviews the book “War Time: An Idea, Its History, Its Consequences” by Mary L. Dudziak.
30. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: Military, Scientific, and Technological: Manhunt: The Ten-Year Search for bin Laden From 9/11 to Abbottabad
Authors: Freedman, Lawrence D
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Manhunt: The Ten-Year Search for bin Laden From 9/11 to Abbottabad” by Peter L. Bergen.
31. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: The United States: Hitlerland: American Eyewitnesses to the Nazi Rise to Power
Authors: Mead, Walter Russell
Abstract:The article reviews the book “The United States walter russell mead Hitlerland: American Eyewitnesses to the Nazi Rise to Power” byAndrew Nagorski.
32. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: Military, Scientific, and Technological: The Operators: The Wild and Terrifying Inside Story of America's War in Afghanistan
Authors:Freedman, Lawrence D
Abstract:The article reviews the book “The Operators: The Wild and Terrifying Inside Story of America's War in Afghanistan” byMichael Hastings.
33. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: The United States: Bad Religion: How We Became a Nation of Heretics
Authors: Mead, Walter Russell
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Bad Religion: How We Became a Nation of Heretics” by Ross Douthat.
34. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: The United States: Twilight of the Elites: America After Meritocracy
Authors: Mead, Walter Russell
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Twilight of the Elites: America after Meritocracy” byChristopher Hayes.
35. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: The United States: The Lost Majority: Why the Future of Government Is Up for Grabs-and Who Will Take It
Authors:Mead, Walter Russell
Abstract:The article reviews the book “The Lost Majority: Why the Future of Government Is Up for Grabs-and Who Will Take It” by Sean Trende.
36. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: Western Europe: The Headscarf Controversy: Secularism and Freedom of Religion
Authors: Moravcsik, Andrew
Abstract:The article reviews the book “The Headscarf Controversy: Secularism and Freedom of Religion” by Hilal Elver.
37. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: The United States: Time to Start Thinking: America in the Age of Descent
Authors: Mead, Walter Russell
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Time to Start Thinking: America in the Age of Descent” by Edward Luce.
38. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: Western Europe: Walther Rathenau: The Life of Weimar's Fallen Statesman
Authors:Moravcsik, Andrew
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Western Europe Walther Rathenau: The Life of Weimar's Fallen Statesman” byShulamit Volkov.
39. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: Western Europe: Governing for the Long Term: Democracy and the Politics of Investment
Authors: Moravcsik, Andrew
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Governing for the Long Term: Democracy and the Politics of Investment” by Alan M. Jacobs.
40. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: Western Europe: Saving Europe: How National Politics Nearly Destroyed the Euro
Authors: Moravcsik, Andrew
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Saving Europe: How National Politics Nearly Destroyed the Euro” by Carlo Bastasin.
41. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: Western Europe: The Patagonian Hare: A Memoir
Authors:Moravcsik, Andrew
Abstract:The article reviews the book “The Patagonian Hare: A Memoir” by Claude Lanzmann.
42. Title:Recent Books on International Relations: Western Hemisphere: Cuban Economic and Social Development: Policy Reforms and Challenges in the Twenty-first Century