Name ______
DNA, RNA, and PROTEINS TEST
(2 points each)
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Write the letter of the answer that best completes the statement on the blank and the left.
______Which of the following shows the sequence for the way information is transferred in cells?
A. PROTEINS DNA RNA
B. DNA PROTEINS RNA
C. PROTEINS RNA DNA
D. DNA RNA PROTEINS
_____ The “sides of the ladder” in a DNA molecule are made up of ______.
A. nitrogen bases
B. phospholipids and proteins
C. nitrogen bases and sugars
D. sugars and phosphates
______DNA wraps around proteins called ______when it condenses into chromosomes.
A. histones
B. promoters
C. repressors
D. ribosomes
______Adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine are all ______. A. amino acids
B. nitrogen bases
C. proteins
D. phospholipids
_____ The “rungs of the ladder” in a DNA molecule are made of ______.
A. phosphate
B. sugars
C. nitrogen bases
D. amino acids
_____ According to Chargaff’s rules, which nucleotide is always paired with ADENINE in a DNA
molecule?
A. Uracil
B. Thymine
C. Guanine
D. Cytosine
_____ Ribosomes are made out of ______.
A. RNA and proteins
B. phospholipids and proteins
C. glycoproteins and lipids
D. DNA and proteins
_____ Where in the cell does transcription take place?
A. in the nucleus
B. on ribosomes in the cytoplasm
C. in Golgi bodies
D. on the nucleosomes
_____ Where in the cell does translation take place?
A. in the nucleus
B. on the nucleosomes
C. in Golgi bodies
D. on ribosomes in the cytoplasm
_____ The molecule that caused transformation in Griffith’s pneumonia/mouse experiment was ______.
A. a protein
B. a bacteriophage
C. DNA
D. RNA
_____ The Hershey-Chase blender experimentsand Avery’s enzyme digestion experiments helped to
prove that ______
A. DNA is a double helix.
B. pneumonia causes dead mice.
C. transformation is caused by proteins
D. the genetic material is made of DNA
_____ The series of genes that control differentiation of cells and tissues in an embryo are called
______genes.
A. TATA
B. hox
C. enhancer
D. lacoperon
______A group of genes in prokaryotes that operate together is known as a(n) ______
A. codon
B. operator
C. operon
D. gene group
______The place where RNA polymerase binds to start transcribing a gene is called the ______
A. operator
B. promoter
C. repressor
D. anticodon
_____ The lac operon is found in ______
A. prokaryotes
B. eukaryotes
_____ TATA boxes and enhancer sequences are found in ______cells
A. prokaryotes
B. eukaryotes
_____ The lac operon is normally turned OFF when ______,
A. lactose is present
B. the operator binds glucose
C. the repressor binds the operator
D. RNA polymerase binds the promoter
_____ The presence of lactose turns the lac operon ON when ______.
A. the repressor binds lactose instead of the operator
B. the repressor binds the operator
C. anticodon binds the codon
D. lactose binds the TATA box
_____ The function of the TATA box is to ______.
A. bind the lac repressor
B. turn on cell division genes
C. help position the RNA polymerase
D. edit introns
***************
LABEL THE FOLLOWING:
_____ Making a DNA copy of a DNA molecule A. TRANSFORMATION
(DNA DNA)B. REPLICATION
C. TRANSCRIPTION
_____ Making a complementary RNA message from a DNA code D. TRANSLATION
(DNA RNA)
_____ Making a protein from an RNA message
(RNA protein)
______Process in which one strain of bacteria is changed
by absorbing DNA from another strain of bacteria
***************
MATCH THE KIND OF RNA WITH ITS DESCRIPTION:
(You can use them MORE THAN ONCE!)
______Carries the DNA code from nucleus to cytoplasm
______Made by the nucleolusA. messenger-RNA
______Adds the correct amino acid to the growing protein chainB. transfer-RNA
______Combines with proteins to form ribosomesC. ribosomal-RNA
______Has a CODON region
______Has an ANTICODON region
***************
MATCHING:
Match the vocab word with its definition.
______DNA that is spread out in the nucleus of
a non-dividing cell so the code can be readA. INTRON
B. EXON
______DNA that is scrunched up into bundles in a dividing cellC. NUCLEOSOME
D. CHROMOSOME
______Sequence of DNA that is expressed in the final protein E. CHROMATIN
F. BACTERIOPHAGE
______Nitrogen base made with only one ringG. PURINE
H. PYRIMIDINE
______Sequence of DNA which is cut out of the m-RNA molecule
before it is read by the ribosomes
______Beadlike structure formed by coiling DNA around histone
proteins that pack together to form chromosomes
______A virus that infects bacteria
______Nitrogen base made with 2 rings
MATCH THE PARTS IN THE DIAGRAM WITH THE CORRECT LABEL
_____ RIBOSOME
_____ NUCLEUS
_____ MESSENGER RNA
_____ ANTICODON
_____ AMINO ACID
_____ CODON
_____ TRANSFER RNA
***************
USE THE FOLLOWING DNA SEQUENCE TOMAKE A COMPLIMENTARY DNA STRAND
A T T C G A T G C
______
USE THE FOLLOWING DNA SEQUENCE TO MAKE AN RNA MESSAGE
A C T G G A T A C
______
USE the DECODING WHEEL to DETERMINE the AMINO ACID that corresponds to the m-RNA CODE GIVEN
mRNA CODE / AMINO ACIDUUC
GCG
CAC
UGA
MATCH THE MUTATION WITH ITS DESCRIPTION
_____ One nucleotide in the code is replaced by anotherA. POLYPLOIDY
B. INVERSION
_____ Piece of DNA is added to the codeC. INSERTION
D. DUPLICATION
_____ A piece of DNA is broken off and is lost E. TRANSLOCATION
F. SUBSTITUTION
_____ Extra copies of part of a chromosome are made G. DELETION
_____ Complete set of chromosomes fails to separate resulting in
3N or 4N organisms
_____ Piece of DNA breaks off and reattaches to another
NON-homologous chromosome
_____ Piece of DNA breaks off, flips, and reattaches so that it reads backwards
***************
SHORT ANSWER:
TELL one way DNA is DIFFERENT from RNA
EXPLAIN WHY A FRAMESHIFT MUTATION AT THE BEGINNING OF A GENE IS MORE HARMFUL THAN AT THE END.
______
______
***************
BONUS:
Name the woman scientist whose X-ray images helped Watson and Crick come up with the structure of DNA
______
Look at the list of mutations in the matching section above. Which kind of mutation changes the hemoglobin code and causes sickle cell disease? ______
What is the “glue” that holds the 2 sides of the DNA “ladder” together? ______
Name ______
DNA, RNA, and PROTEINS TEST
(2 points each)
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Write the letter of the answer that best completes the statement on the blank and the left.
______Which of the following shows the sequence for the way information is transferred in cells?
A. PROTEINS RNA DNA
B. DNA PROTEINS RNA
C. DNA RNA PROTEINS
D. PROTEINS DNA RNA
_____ The “sides of the ladder” in a DNA molecule are made up of ______.
A. nitrogen bases
B. sugars and phosphates
C. nitrogen bases and sugars
D. phospholipids and proteins
______DNA wraps around proteins called ______when it condenses into chromosomes.
A. ribosomes
B. promoters
C. repressors
D. histones
______Adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine are all ______. A. nitrogen bases
B. amino acids
C. proteins
D. phospholipids
_____ The “rungs of the ladder” in a DNA molecule are made of ______.
A. phosphate
B. nitrogen bases
C. sugars
D. amino acids
_____ According to Chargaff’s rules, which nucleotide is always paired with ADENINE in a DNA
molecule?
A. Uracil
B. Guanine
C. Thymine
D. Cytosine
_____ Ribosomes are made out of ______.
A. DNA and proteins
B. phospholipids and proteins
C. glycoproteins and lipids
D. RNA and proteins
_____ Where in the cell does transcription take place?
A. on ribosomes in the cytoplasm
B. in the nucleus
C. in Golgi bodies
D. on the nucleosomes
_____ Where in the cell does translation take place?
A. on ribosomes in the cytoplasm
B. on the nucleosomes
C. in Golgi bodies
D. in the nucleus
_____ The molecule that caused transformation in Griffith’s pneumonia/mouse experiment was ______.
A. a protein
B. a bacteriophage
C.RNA
D. DNA
_____ The Hershey-Chase blender experimentsand Avery’s enzyme digestion experiments helped to
prove that ______
A. DNA is a double helix.
B. pneumonia causes dead mice.
C. the genetic material is made of DNA
D. transformation is caused by proteins
_____ The series of genes that control differentiation of cells and tissues in an embryo are called
______genes.
A. hox
B. TATA
C. enhancer
D. lacoperon
______A group of genes in prokaryotes that operate together is known as a(n) ______
A. codon
B. operon
C. operator
D. gene group
______The place where RNA polymerase binds to start transcribing a gene is called the ______
A. anticodon
B. repressor
C. promoter
D. operator
_____ The lac operon is found in ______
A. eukaryotes
B. prokaryotes
_____ TATA boxes and enhancer sequences are found in ______cells
A. eukaryotes
B. prokaryotes
_____ The lac operon is normally turned OFF when ______,
A. lactose is present
B. the operator binds glucose
C. RNA polymerase binds the promoter
D. the repressor binds the operator
_____ The presence of lactose turns the lac operon ON when ______.
A. the repressor binds the operator
B. the repressor binds lactose instead of the operator
C. anticodon binds the codon
D. lactose binds the TATA box
_____ The function of the TATA box is to ______.
A. bind the lac repressor
B. help position the RNA polymerase
C. turn on cell division genes
D. edit introns
***************
LABEL THE FOLLOWING:
_____ Making a DNA copy of a DNA molecule A. TRANSLATION
(DNA DNA)B. TRANSCRIPTION
C. REPLICATION
_____ Making a complementary RNA message from a DNA code D. TRANSFORMATION
(DNA RNA)
_____ Making a protein from an RNA message
(RNA protein)
______Process in which one strain of bacteria is changed
by absorbing DNA from another strain of bacteria
***************
MATCH THE KIND OF RNA WITH ITS DESCRIPTION:
(You can use them MORE THAN ONCE!)
______Carries the DNA code from nucleus to cytoplasm
______Made by the nucleolusA. messenger-RNA
______Adds the correct amino acid to the growing protein chainB. transfer-RNA
______Combines with proteins to form ribosomesC. ribosomal-RNA
______Has a CODON region
______Has an ANTICODON region
***************
MATCHING:
Match the vocab word with its definition.
______DNA that is spread out in the nucleus of
a non-dividing cell so the code can be readA.EXON
B. INTRON
______DNA that is scrunched up into bundles in a dividing cellC. BACTERIOPHAGE
D. CHROMATIN
______Sequence of DNA that is expressed in the final protein E. CHROMOSOME
F. NUCLEOSOME
______Nitrogen base made with only one ringG. PYRIMIDINE
H. PURINE
______Sequence of DNA which is cut out of the m-RNA molecule
before it is read by the ribosomes
______Beadlike structure formed by coiling DNA around histone
proteins that pack together to form chromosomes
______A virus that infects bacteria
______Nitrogen base made with 2 rings
MATCH THE PARTS IN THE DIAGRAM WITH THE CORRECT LABEL
_____ MESSENGER RNA
_____ TRANSFER RNA
_____ RIBOSOME
_____ CODON
_____ AMINO ACID
_____ ANTICODON
_____ NUCLEUS
***************
USE THE FOLLOWING DNA SEQUENCE TOMAKE A COMPLIMENTARY DNA STRAND
C G A T G CA T T
______
USE THE FOLLOWING DNA SEQUENCE TO MAKE AN RNA MESSAGE
G G A T A CA C T
______
USE the DECODING WHEEL to DETERMINE the AMINO ACID that corresponds to the m-RNA CODE GIVEN
mRNA CODE / AMINO ACIDUGA
UUC
CAC
GCG
MATCH THE MUTATION WITH ITS DESCRIPTION
_____ One nucleotide in the code is replaced by anotherA. INSERTION
B. DUPLICATION
_____ Piece of DNA is added to the codeC. POLYPLOIDY
D. INVERSION
_____ A piece of DNA is broken off and is lost E. DELETION
F. TRANSLOCATION
_____ Extra copies of part of a chromosome are made G.SUBSTITUTION
_____ Complete set of chromosomes fails to separate resulting in
3N or 4N organisms
_____ Piece of DNA breaks off and reattaches to another
NON-homologous chromosome
_____ Piece of DNA breaks off, flips, and reattaches so that it reads backwards
***************
SHORT ANSWER:
TELL one way DNA is DIFFERENT from RNA
EXPLAIN WHY A FRAMESHIFT MUTATION AT THE BEGINNING OF A GENE IS MORE HARMFUL THAN AT THE END.
______
______
***************
BONUS:
Name the woman scientist whose X-ray images helped Watson and Crick come up with the structure of DNA
______
Look at the list of mutations in the matching section above. Which kind of mutation changes the hemoglobin code and causes sickle cell disease? ______
What is the “glue” that holds the 2 sides of the DNA “ladder” together? ______