DISCOVERING WORLD GEOGRAPHY–QUESTIONS–PP.306-311 –History of the Region – Andes and Mid-latitude Countries

1) Name 3 groups of Native Americans that lived in the Andes Region before the Inca civilization took over.

1)______2)______3)______

2) In the 1400’s and 1500’s the Inca started to expand and become an empire in the Andes Region. How many people, how many ethnic groups and how many languages were spoken in the Inca Empire?

POPULATIONETHNIC GROUPSLANGUAGES

______

3) What was the capital of the Inca Empire? ______

4) What was the order of Inca society from the top to the bottom? 1) TOP - ______

2) NOBILITY 3) ______

5) Give 4 examples of Inca advanced technology and engineering. 1)______

2)______3)______4)______

6) What was a QUIPU? ______

7) The Spanish conquered the Inca Empire. Who was the Spaniard who conquered the Incas? ______

8) What where the Spanish conquerors called? ______

9) What killed thousands of Incas? ______

10) The Spanish ruled much of South America for 300 years from the 1500’s to the early 1800’s. The Spanish colonies in South America revolted against Spain. The 2 main leaders in the revolution were Jose de San Martin and Simon Bolivar. GUERRILLA WARFARE was used by the rebels. What is GUERRILLA WARFARE?

______

11) By the mid-1800’s the Spanish were removed from ruling its former South American colonies with most of the countries having independence. The countries of South America did not unite. Name 3 different kinds of people who were the leaders of the newly independent countries.

1)______

2)______3)______

12) What was different from the South American independent countries that had been ruled by Spain compared to the United States that had been ruled by Britain in connection with SELF GOVERNMENT?

______

13) The few wealthy people controlled most of the riches in the new countries. Large numbers of poor people in the new countries in South America had very little. This caused great problems. Military rulers and dictators controlled the countries. They ignored the democratic constitutions of the new countries. In the early histories of these countries companies or FIRMS from the UNITED STATES and EUROPE started businesses in South America. What were these business or firms called?

______

14) As the wealth increased for the MULTI-NATIONAL FIRMS, according to the book, what happened to the workers, farmers and their families?

______

15) List 2 problems the book tells the country of Argentina has had over the years.

1)______

2)______

16) List 2 problems the book tells the country of Chile has had over the years.

1)______

2)______

17) Democratic elections have taken place in many of the South American countries in recent years. Who are the elected leaders of the following countries:

1) Bolivia - ______2) Chile - ______

3) Argentina - ______

18) What is so special about the elected leaders of Chile and Argentina? ______

______