Directions: (1-50) for Each Statement Or Question, Write on a Separate Answer Sheet The

FPM GLOBAL HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY MIDTERM 10R 2013

Directions: (1-50) For each statement or question, write on a separate answer sheet the number of the word or expressions that, of those given, best completes or answers the question. Answer all 50 questions for 60 pts.

1.  Which primary source would most likely provide an African perspective rather than a European perspective on history?

1.  a West African history textbook written by a British author

2.  a Nigerian eyewitness account of events in the 18th century

3.  a painting of the city of Nairobi done by an early colonial settler

4.  a diary kept by Vasco da Gama on one of his voyages

2.  Which statement about India is a fact rather than an opinion?

1.  The partition of British India in 1947 helped India prosper.

2.  The Moguls ruled India for more than 100 years.

3.  Most Indians are happy with the Hindu practice of arranged marriages.

4.  India is fortunate to have a multiparty system of government.

3.  Both Japan and Indonesia are made up of a chain of islands called

1. an archipelago 3. an atoll

2. a delta 4. a peninsula

4.  A study of Indus, Nile, Hwang Ho, Tigris, and Euphrates rivers would be most important in understanding the

1.  rise in power of the Muslim empire

2.  causes for the decline of the Mayan Empire

3.  role of geography in the development of early civilizations

4.  reasons that ancient empires were based on nomadic civilizations

5.  In the broadest definition, the term “culture” means that

1.  more complex languages are found in developing societies

2.  a centralized form of government organizes and directs the economy

3.  a distinct way of living and behaving is learned by the members of a society

4.  art museums, symphony orchestras, and theater productions are part of all civilizations

6.  The development of ancient civilizations in Mesopotamia, Egypt, India, and China indicates the importance of

1.  heavy forestation

2.  rugged coastlines

3.  river valleys

4.  mountain passes

7.  The strong ethnocentrism encountered by European traders in early 19th-Century China was due to China’s

1.  economic superiority

2.  artistic excellence

3.  historic geographic isolation

4.  overwhelming military strength

8.  Important long-term contributions of ancient Greek and Roman civilizations are primarily found in the area of

1.  economic policy and planning

2.  government and law

3.  religious doctrine

4.  military technology

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9.  Which was a major characteristic of democracy in ancient Athens?

1.  All adult male citizens were eligible to vote.

2.  Women were allowed to vote in major elections

3.  All residents were given voting rights.

4.  Slaves were permitted to vote in major elections.

10.  Which characteristic is shared by the ancient Roman Republic and the United States?

1.  Desire for religious freedom was a major factor in uniting the people into a single nation.

2.  Economic prosperity continued only as long as each society continued to expand its boundaries.

3.  Both societies established a form of representative government.

4.  Both societies were able to avoid periods of civil strife.

11.  In traditional India, the caste system and the Hindu beliefs in karma and dharma most directly resulted in

1.  A strong belief in the importance of education

2.  the rapid industrialization of the economy

3.  a strong emphasis on the acquisition of wealth

4.  the establishment of a set of rules for each individual in the society

12.  Which statement would most likely be spoken by a Hindu and not by a Muslim?

1.  “I am planning to go to Mecca next year to participate in the hajj.”

2.  “I always enjoy the feast that follows the end of Ramadan.”

3.  “My good deeds today will serve me well in my next reincarnation.”

4.  “My belief in the teachings of the Koran are very important to me.”

13.  The Buddhist religion teaches that salvation is earned by

1.  worshipping Allah as the one true god

2.  learning to give up selfish desire

3.  following the Ten Commandments

4.  being baptized and confirmed

14.  According to the teachings of Confucius, the key to the successful organization of society is that

1.  ancestor worship should be discontinued

2.  the ruler should be chosen democratically

3.  the evil in humans must be eliminated

4.  individuals should know and do what is expected of them

15.  Judaism and Christianity are similar because they

1.  promote the practice of polygamy

2.  base their beliefs on the Koran

3.  are monotheistic

4.  stress belief in reincarnation

16.  “Western Europe owed a debt of gratitude to the Empire that for almost a thousand years ensured the survival of Christianity during a time when Europe was too weak to accomplish the task.”

Which empire is referred to in this quotation: 1. Mongol 3. Ottoman

2. Byzantine 4. Hellenistic

17.  The Middle Ages in Western Europe was characterized by

1.  extensive trade with Asia and the Middle East

2.  the manor system and the importance of land ownership

3.  decreased emphasis on religion in the daily life

4.  absolute monarchies and strong central governments

18.  “the…relationship was essentially a contract between lord and vassal which was defined and enforced by mutual agreement…it was assumed that lord and vassal had a common interest—the welfare of the fief.”…Sidney Painter

Which political system is described in

this quotation?

1.  pure democracy

2.  fascism

3.  absolute monarchy

4.  feudalism

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19.  Medieval life in Europe was characterized by

1.  limited social mobility

2.  rejection of the teachings of the Christian church

3.  a strong central government

4.  a thriving system of international trade

20.  In Europe during the Middle Ages, the force that provided unification and stability was the

1. Roman Catholic Church

2. military alliance between France

and Germany

3. central government in Rome

4. federation of the craft guilds

21.  A major result of the Crusades was the

1.  conversion of the majority of Europeans to Protestantism

2.  development of feudalism in Europe

3.  weakening of the power of the middle class in Europe

4.  growth of trade between Europe and Asia

22.  In Japan, the samurai code of Bushido helped bring about

1.  equality among Japanese citizens

2.  peaceful relations with other nations

3.  a culture that accepted militarism

4.  an increased interest in science and technology

23.  Which statement best explains the periods of the Gupta Empire of India, the Golden Age of Greece, and the Renaissance in Italy?

1.  A combination of wealth and a time of relative peace often leads to cultural achievement.

2.  The winning of a war often inspires scientific and artistic achievement.

3.  A dictatorship usually encourages cultural growth and development.

4.  Periods of censorship are needed for a nation to achieve cultural and scientific greatness.

24.  In Europe, a major characteristic of humanism was

1.  a belief in the supremacy of the state in relation to individual rights.

2.  an emphasis on social control and obedience to national rulers

3.  an appreciation for the basic worth of individual achievement

4.  a rejection of ancient civilizations and their cultures

25.  The religious diversity in Western Europe is mainly the result of

1.  The French Revolution

2.  World War II

3.  the Protestant Reformation

4.  the Congress of Vienna

26.  Read each speaker’s statement then answer the question below:

Speaker A: Good government stresses the importance of the nation and accepts the rights of the individual only if the interests of the individual are the same as those of the nation.

Speaker B: The person of the king is sacred and to attack him in any way is to attack religion itself. The respect given to a king is religious in nature.

Speaker C: All human beings are born free and equal with a right to life and liberty. It is the duty of government to protect these natural rights of its citizens.

Speaker D: Our goal will not be achieved by democracy or liberal reforms, but by blood and iron. Only then will we be successful. No nation achieves greatness or unity without the traumatic experiences of war.

Which speaker’s statement expresses the idea of divine right?

1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D

27.  Which idea is common to both the Chinese belief in the Mandate of Heaven and the European theory of the Divine Right of Kings?

1.  The ruler must follow the wishes of the people.

2.  The people should participate in government.

3.  Authority to rule is given only to the priests and religious leaders.

4.  Power to rule is bestowed on an individual by a higher, spiritual authority.

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28. Ancient African Kingdoms, such as Ghana and Mali, based their economic systems primarily on

1.  oil exports

2.  agriculture and trade

3.  commercial fishing

4.  hunting and gathering

29. Francis Bacon, Galileo, and Isaac Newton promoted the idea that knowledge should be based on

1.  the experiences of past civilizations

2.  experimentation and observation

3.  emotions and feelings

4.  the teachings of the Catholic Church

30. * Man is born free and everywhere he is chains.

* Everyone has the natural right to life, liberty, and property.

* Slavery, torture, and religious persecution are wrong.

During which period in European history would the ideas in these statements have been expressed?

1. Pax Romana

2. Age of Exploration

3. Enlightenment

4. Age of Imperialism

31.  Peter the Great and Catherine the Great changed Russia by

1.  introducing Western ideas and customs

2.  becoming constitutional monarchs

3.  preventing wars with neighboring nations.

4.  abolishing all social class distinctions

32.  In a number of European countries in the 1800’s, which situation occurred as

a result of the influence of the French Revolution?

1. increase in religious conflict

2. decentralization of governmental power

3. rise of nationalistic movements 4. economic depression

33.  In Latin America, Toussaint L’Ouverture, Simon Bolivar, and Miguel Hidalgo are regarded as heroes because of their efforts in

1.  opposing land reform

2.  conquering Indian peoples

3.  spreading Christianity

4.  leading independence movements

34.  In Latin America, the development of the social class structure was most strongly affected by the

1.  diverse topography throughout the region

2.  cultural influences of the Spanish and Portuguese

3.  success of the American Revolution

4.  writings of the philosophers of the Enlightenment

35.  “A country is not merely a geographic territory. A country is also the idea given birth by the geographic territory. A country is a sense of love that unites, as one, all the sons and daughters of that geographic territory…”

…..World History: A Story of Progress

This quotation supports the idea of

1.  absolute monarchy

2.  totalitarian rule

3.  mercantilism

4.  nationalism

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36.  In the 19th century, the unification of Italy and the unification of Germany resulted in

1.  encouraging a century of peaceful coexistence in Europe

2.  reducing feelings of nationalism in these nations

3.  increasing competition for trade with Russia

4.  upsetting the balance of power in Europe

37.  “For oh,” say the children, “We are weary,

And we cannot run or leap;

If we cared for any meadows, it were

merely

To drop down in them and sleep……

And, underneath our heavy eyelids drooping

The reddest flower would look as pale as snow.

For, all day, we drive the wheels of iron

In the factories, round and round.”

This poem expresses concern for the:

1.  pollution of the environment by industrial waste

2.  need for on-site day-care facilities in factories

3.  exploitation children in factory jobs

4.  increasing use of automation in factories

38.  A major result of the Industrial Revolution in Europe was

1.  a reliance on subsistence economies

2.  a decreased life expectancy and an increased infant mortality

3.  an increase in the size and influence of the middle class

4.  an increase in the percentage of people engaged in farming

39.  In his writings, Karl Marx maintained that history is primarily

1.  a long struggle by groups to achieve representative democracy

2.  a religious conflict between Eastern

and Western groups

3.  an ongoing class conflict between the rich and the poor

4.  a compromise between rulers and the ruled

40.  Democratic reform was achieved in Great Britain through a process which can best be described as

1.  political evolution

2.  nonpartisan politics

3.  passive resistance

4.  violent revolution

41.  The arrival of Commodore Matthew Perry in Japan in 1853 signaled the end of Japanese

1.  trade relations with the United States

2.  policies of isolationism

3.  cultural contacts with the West

4.  militarism in southeast Asia

42.  Why were European nations able to conquer large sections of Africa in the 19th and early 20th centuries?

1.  Africans wanted to trade with European nations.

2.  Europeans wanted to learn about African Cultures.

3.  Europeans easily adapted to African climate and topography.

4.  Europeans possessed more advanced military technology

43. After 1880, European nations sought colonies in Africa primarily because the Europeans were

1.  competing for raw materials and markets

2.  in need of land for their surplus populations

3.  determined to bring Christianity to the Muslim world

4.  interested in completing their geographic knowledge of the world

44.  Just prior to World War I, the nations of Europe believed that the balance of power could best be maintained by

1.  a system of alliances

2.  increases in tariff barriers

3.  an international court

4.  open agreements, openly arrived at

45.  The Russian peasants supported the Bolsheviks in the 1917 revolutions mainly because the Bolsheviks promised to

1.  establish collective farms

2.  maintain the agricultural price-support system

3.  bring modern technology to Russian farms

4.  redistribute the land owned by the nobility page 5