Differences in Colonization: From Settler Colonies to Resource Exploitation

What is a Settler Colony?

  • Occurs when foreign family units move into a region and ______
  • Intent is to replace ______population with a new population of people
  • Key resource (______) is the availability of land
  • Push Factors
  • ______
  • Economic opportunity

South Africa

Originally settled by ______and ______from the Netherlands (Boers/Afrikaners)

Contact with native ______tribes led to near extinction of the Africans, who didn’t have resistance to ______from the Dutch Europeans

British take control of the tip of Africa in ______

Abolition of slavery in 1833 leads to eastward migration of ______(aka: Dutch voortrekkers) who would fight with the ______people under their leader, Shaka Zulu

Diamonds and ______

Discovery of ______(1867) and gold (1886) deposits lead to British miner migrations

Led to ______War b/t British and Dutch Afrikaners

Reconciliation b/t Afrikaners and British was reached and the Union of South Africa was formed which had whites ______all native black Africans.

Australia

Native ______population was a foraging/fishing society

Considered ______by the British

1770, ______claims Australia Britain on his voyages

Originally settled as a ______colony

200 ______

800 ______

Decline of Aboriginal Population

______

Forced ______

Removal of ______

Destruction of ______

As number of white British settlers increased, Aboriginal population was forced off land and pushed into the interior (______)

French Algeria

  • ______region was considered an integral part of France
  • Natives (largely ______) pushed out as Europeans moved in
  • Colonized by:
  • peasants/working-class poor from Italy,______, and France
  • ______and convicts from France
  • ______
  • Respected natives and tried to prevent contact/exploitation by limiting settlement to the ______
  • French officials disagreed
  • Continued to grant land to ______
  • Goal was to provide land for ______production
  • Tribal leaders sold land to turn a ______
  • Series of losses in Europe led to further ______and subjugation of Muslims

What is a Non-Settler Colony? ______

Belgian Congo

Colonized under ______– forced local chiefs to sign treaties giving up power at gunpoint

Non settlement colony (in 1900, just over ______Belgians lived in Congo, whose territory was 80x larger than all of ______itself)

Based on ______exploitation

______plantations

Forced labor

______treatment of natives, high ______

As many as 4-8 million native ______died as a result

Territorial Expansion

  • Attempts to imitate______expansion
  • United States
  • Ideology of ______caused US gov’t and settlers to push natives off of their land as land & expansion to the Pacific took place
  • Russia
  • Relied on ______
  • Serfdom ______in 1861, but the system of oppression of peasants didn’t really end
  • Attempting to expand territory ______to the Pacific & ______to gain…Warm Water Ports!
  • Push for ______
  • ______
  • Opened ______for settlement
  • Began producing ______, ______, and ______