Bloomsburg University
Department of Sociology, Social Work & Criminal Justice
Principles of SociologyDr. Leo G. Barrile
THIRD TEST
1.Which of the following factors is the most related to income achievement in the United States is:
2. Which group has the highest income:
3.Which group has the lowest achievement level of college education?
4.Which of the following countries has the highest income inequality?
5.The phenomenon that a highly paid construction worker may have a job that is not as highly respected as a white collar job is known as:
6.The loss of manufacturing jobs in the United States is called:
7.The "feminization of poverty" means that:
8.The difference between the class culture of the upper class and the middle class is that the upper class uses education for its ability to expand the horizons on its children while the middle class sees education as a means to a career?
9.Relative deprivation is more likely to be felt in:
10.We know from statistics of family income that over the last 30 years, the distribution of income has increased dramatically among the middle, lower middle, and lower classes in comparison with the upper class?
11.Sociologists find that there is greater horizontal mobility than there is vertical mobility?
12.Exchange of ranks explains vertical mobility on the basis of:
13.Harold and Horatio both apply for a loan. Harold is a college professor with six children, Horatio is an oil refinery rigger who is single and childless. Harold's application is rejected, Horatio's is accepted. For Harold, this rejection is an example of: a. intergenerational mobility; b. low status; c. status inconsistency.
14.Doing better economically as you grow older is called:
15.Status that is based on an admired non-monetary contribution an individual has made to society is status that originates in:
16.In comparison with caste systems, class systems are more likely to produce:
17.A person who loses his father's fortune in a stock market crash and who jumps out of a window is displaying:
18.Harold, from question 13, decides to take his savings and instead of sending Charity, his only daughter, to college, he pools his savings and takes out a loan to a Ferrari convertible. Unfortunately, the car mostly stays in his driveway because he cannot afford the insurance and gas to run it. Further, and unbeknownst to him, Charity, to get even with him, has sugared his gas tank making it undrivable anyway. Harold's purchase is an example of
19.Horatio believes he is being ignored by the upper middle class neighbors in the upscale development to which he moved after amassing a fairly big chunk of money from his job. He decides to purchase a quite expensive yacht and mostly leaves in his huge horseshoe driveway because he hates sailing. His purchase is an example of:
20.One of the biggest changes in the post-industrial society is the phenomenal increase in:
21.Income is lowest for which group:
22.The upper fifth of income earners makes approximately as much as:
23.Regarding the share or distribution of income and wealth since 1960 the pattern of the lowest one-fifth in the population has been to:
24.Sometimes upward mobility occurs because the birth rate in the upper classes is not adequate to maintain their subpopulation. If upward mobility occurred in a situation such as this, it would be driven by what mechanism:
25.Weber theorized that there were three bases for social stratification, class, status and ______?
26.So called “first world nations” are the most numerous in the modern world today?
27.The phenomenon that high paying versus low paying jobs are located in different labor markets and that the upper classes benefit greatly from the suppression of wages in the low wage markets is called:
28.So called “third world nations” have a relationship to the global market place that can best be described as:
29.Class culture theory would suggest that:
30.The concept that is widely used by sociologists to indicate the level a person occupies in the stratification system is called:
31.An example of the bureaucratic nature of schools is:
32.Widespread cheating among students in high school is attributable to:
33.Students who do the absolute least to get by in classes can be said to be:
34.American progressive education under John Dewey in America emphasized that teachers focus on the experience of students rather than on standardized mass education techniques?
35.The initial vocational education movement was thought to be a progressive form of education but the conflict perspective argues that it became:
36.The pygmalion effect refers to:
37. As an example of tracking, Bowles & Gintis find that in the 19th century the upper class was more likely to have children in:
38.The attempt to privatize elementary and secondary schools today by allowing businesses to operate schools as private academies is most consistent with which model of schooling:
39.Drop outs are sometimes called push outs. These are students who compete so well in schools that they are pushed to a higher educational track or more advanced school?
40.Horace Mann and Henry Barnard represented which model of schooling:
41.Which model of schooling best describes the attempt by school boards and parents to control educational policies of their schools:
42.Socializing the values of conformity, competition, complicity and condescension in children is an example of:
43.Coleman found that family background was responsible for most of a student’s achievement in schools. This he called:
44.Jonathan Kozol found that poor inner city conditions and underfunded schools produced low student achievement. He called this:
45.Sociologists have found that the differences in achievement among students within a school are greater than the differences in achievement between schools?
46.Coleman found that African American students in a majority white classroom performed better than African Americans students in a majority black classroom?
47.Which theory states that inequality in acquisition of college degrees is based upon natural differences in intelligence and individual differences in hard work and motivation.
48.The average per capita gross national income is about $2,000 per year in which type or tier of country:
49.Performance on an IQ test correlates highly with academic performance very little with social class?
50.To pass a student along in school even though he or she has failed subjects is called:
51.Marriage and animal sacrifice are examples of which aspect of religion:
a. sacred objects; b. beliefs; c. ritual; d. moral community.
52.A goat’s horn and a cross are examples of which aspect of religion:
53.In whose theory is religion considered the tool of the ruling class to keep the poor nonpolitical.
54.In whose theory is religion compatible with capitalism because of the value of proving oneself morally worthy through hard work:
55.In whose theory is religion considered the basis for social solidarity:
56.For Weber which social class is most attracted to salvationistic religions:
57.Who called religion the “opium of the people”?
58.To the extent that schools help perpetuate social and economic inequalities across generations, they are part of the process of
59.Religion is a form of ______, according to Karl Marx, diverting attention from inequalities and injustice and encouraging acceptance of oppression.
60.Religion, according to Émile Durkheim, is based on a distinction between the______and the ______.
61.Religious groups that break off from an established religion as______and survive over time become institutionalized as ______.
62.The fastest growing religious group in the United States over that past few years is:
63.Groups that try to establish a new religion under the control of a charismatic leader are usually called:
65.Support for abortion is an attitudes that been typically related to educational level in which way:
66.Certain religious memberships lead to more of less support for abortion. Which religions are least likely to support abortion:
67.Religious attendance is related to low levels of support for abortion even if preachers support a women’s right to choose from the pulpit
68.In the general population, if a person has traditional attitudes about gender she or he will have a very low level of support for abortion? .
69.Over the past 30 years the generational gap in attitudes about abortion has become wider? a
70.A belief that disease is caused by evil spirits and that shamans can cast off these spirits is an example of which type of religious belief: