Cumulative Skills/Concepts / Geology
S8.D.1
5. Processes that change Earth’s surface.
A. Rock Cycle
B. Soils
C. Plate Tectonics
D. Earthquakes
E. Volcanoes
6. Earth’s Resources / Materials
A. Non-Renewable / Renewable
B. Mining / Reclamation / Meteorology
S8.D.2
7. Atmosphere and Weather
A. Moisture and Water Cycle
B. Winds
C. Pressure
D. Forecasting / Astronomy
S8.D.3
8. Movements of Earth, Moon and Sun
A. Rotation / Revolution
B. Seasons
C. Cycles of the Moon
9. Solar System and the Universe
A. Sun and Planets
B. Stars
C. Galaxies
D. Big Bang Theory
1. Density
S8.A.2 & S8.C.1 /
  • density of rocks and minerals{10, 13}
  • convection in the mantle{34}
  • subduction{25}
/
  • air pressure and density{3, 4}
  • convection in the atmosphere
{17, 18, 19, 20}
  • weather fronts
  • fresh versus salt water {41}
/
  • stellar mass to density to life cycle{38}
  • density of planets (outer vs. inner){38}

1. Measurement
S8.A.1 /
  • volume and mass of minerals/rocks
{11, 12}
  • viscosity – flow rate
{48, 49, 50} /
  • Temperature, air pressure, humidity, wind speed/direction
{4, 9, 15, 16, 48, 53} /
  • light year{30, 52}
  • astronomical Unit{55}
  • distance between planets{2}
  • periods of revolution/rotation{2, 6}
  • telescopes {51}

1. Scientific Method
S8.A.1 & S8.A.2 / Plate tectonics{25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 47, 51, 52, 53, 55} /
  • Weather scenario{9, 29, 44}
/
  • Big Bang and Nebular theory{37}

2. Interpreting Diagrams
And
Data Tables
S8.A.1 /
  • Mohs hardness scale
{4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
  • rock cycle
{18, 19, 20, 21, 22}
  • plate boundaries
{26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 51, 52, 53, 55}
  • fossils and relative ages
{16, 17, 23} /
  • Layers of the atmosphere{8}
  • Temperature vs. humidity
{29, 30, 31}
  • Relative humidity (wet and dry bulb readings){36}
  • Weather map{32, 33, 34, 35}
  • Station model{59}
  • heating of soil vs. water{11, 46}
  • maritime climates{22}
  • atmospheric pressure{9}
  • El Nino{56, 57}
  • Tornado Alley {29, 30, 31}
  • temperature change over time{61}
  • atmospheric density{3}
/
  • life cycle of stars{41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46}
  • tides{18}
  • seasons{8, 24, 25, 26}
  • moon phases{9, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22}
  • spectra {47, 48}
  • characteristics of planets{2, 3, 4, 40}
  • orbital forces of celestial objects {1}
  • characteristics of celestial objects {7}
  • light years {30}
  • eclipses {31, 32, 33, 39}
  • galaxies {34, 35, 36}
  • big bang theory {37}
  • distance of planets from the sun {2}
  • composition of the planets {40}

2. Creating and Analyzing Graphs
S8.A.1 /
  • P and S waves{42, 43, 44}
/
  • tornado frequency{58}
  • tracking hurricanes{60}
  • greenhouse effect{5, 6, 7}
  • atmospheric pressure{2}
  • atmospheric composition{1}
/
  • H-R diagram{10, 11, 12, 13, 14}
  • orbital speed of planets versus distance from the sun {15}
  • density of planets {38}
  • temperature of the planets versus distance from the sun {56}

3. Periodic Table/Atoms
S8.C.1 /
  • Mineral composition (compounds, elements, mixtures).{2, 3}
/
  • Composition of the atmosphere{1, 7}
/
  • stellar composition{59}
  • spectroscopy{47, 48, 49, 50}
  • periodic table {59}

3. Matter and Phase Changes
S8.C.1 /
  • Magma to rock{25}
/
  • Water cycle{23, 24, 25, 26}
/
  • gas and plasma{57, 58}
  • Nebular Theory{37, 60}

3. Energy and Heat Transfer
S8.C.2 /
  • Convection in mantle{34, 54, 55}
  • Seismic waves (kinetic and potential)
{42, 43, 44, 45, 46} /
  • Heating of the atmosphere
{11, 12, 13, 14, 43, 47, 54} /
  • Electromagnetic spectrum{50}
  • Nuclear fusion{59}
  • Radiation/convective zone in a star{54}

4. Systems
S8.A.3 / Rock cycle{18, 19, 20, 21, 22} /
  • Water cycle
{23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28} /
  • Life cycle of star{41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46}