Conus babaensis Rolán & Röckel, 2001
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MNCM Manolo Tenorio
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Iberus 19 (2), p. 64
Ocean geography:East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Baia do Baba, Angola
Type Data: Holotype in MNCM deposited and catalogued
Type Size:25.8x15.7mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Varioconus Species:-babaensis
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Angola
Habitat:-Shallow water under rocks
Description:-Source Original description
The shell is moderately small and solid with a last whorl ventricosely conical to broadly ovate; shoulder rounded. Outline convex at adapical third, almost straight below.Spire low to moderately high, convex, slightly sigmoid near apex; sutural ramps slightly convex with fine spiral striae. Last whorl smooth but not glossy with some weak spiral ribs near base.
Ground color white with two broad light brown spiral bands leaving white band of variable width at centre and base. The brown areas often show darker spiral lines.Spire white with brown along suture. Aperture white.
L 17-32 mm
RW 0.09-0.19 g/mm
RD 0.67-0.71
PMD 0.70-0.78
RSH 0.09-0.14
Discussion:-No Data
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Conus baccatus Sowerby iii,1877
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in NMWC Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 753, pl. 75, f. 5
Ocean geography:Eastern Pacific
Type Locality: Off Isla Parida, Golfo de Chiriqui, Panama
Type Data: Holotype in NMWC deposited and catalogued
Type Size:22x14mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-GlobiconusSpecies:-baccatus
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Western Panama
Habitat:-Found subtidally at depths of 10-30m.
Description:-Source Original Description
Shell short, rather swollen, very minutely decussated with regular rows of granules, whitish with large orange blotches arranged in three bands; spire short acute , concave, nearly smooth, last whorl biangulated.
Iconography adds: paucispiral protoconch 1.75 to 2 whorls; whorl tops flat with no cords or nodules.The clour pattern also has spiral rows of brown dashes separated by white nodules
Discussion:-Specimens need comparedtoC. perplexussince it has nodulose forms which may be confused with C. baccatus.
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Conus badius Kiener,1845
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in collection Verreaux Spec. Gen. Icon. des Coq. Viv., pl. 33, f. 3
Published in: Spec. Gen. Icon. des Coq. Viv. 2, p. 89, pl. 33, f. 3
Ocean geography:Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Designated Red Sea, Saudi Arabia
Type Data: Holotype was in collection Verreaux and currently assumed to be lost
Type Size:60x37mm figure
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus namocanus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-RhizoconusSpecies:-namocanus badius forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Red Sea
Habitat:-Shallow water
Description:-Source Living Conidae C namocanus
C. n. badius geographic form from Red Sea thought to have wider shoulder and finer and more numerous spiral lines.
Discussion:-No Data
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Conus baeri Röckel Korn,1992
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in SMNS Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Acta Conchyliorum 3, p. 10, pl. 1, f. 13-24
Ocean geography:Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Southern Mozambique
Type Data: Holotype in SMNS deposited and catalogued
Type Size:44.5x26.5mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-AsprellaSpecies:-baeri
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-S. Mozambique
Habitat:-Found about 450m
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately small to medium-sized, moderately solid. Last whorl usually conical to ventricosely conical; outline convex adapically, straight toward base; left side may be concave above base. Shoulder angulate. Spire of low to moderate height, outline almost straight to slightly concave. Larval shell of 2-2.25 whorls, maximum diameter 1.2-1.3 mm. Teleoconch sutural ramps nearly flat, with 2 increasing to 3-5 spiral grooves. Last whorl with distinct spiral grooves from base to centre or shoulder and ribbons between.
Ground colour white to pale orange. Last whorl usually with a light orangish brown spiral band above and below centre, occasionally with an additional smaller band below shoulder. 10-15 spiral rows of reddish brown spots or bars extending from base to shoulder, sometimes fusing into irregular axial markings. Larval whorls white. Postnuclear sutural ramps with yellowish to reddish brown radial lines or streaks. Aperture brownish cream to pale orange.
Shell Morphometry
L 30-45 mm
RW 0.10-0.25 g/mm
RD 0.62-0.71
PMD 0.82-0.90
RSH 0.09-0.17
Discussion:-C. baeri is similar to C. angasi and C. sydneyensis. C. angasi can be distinguished by the presence of a strong tooth-like fold at the basal part of its columella and by the weaker sculpture of its last whorl (only a few fine spiral ribs near base). In addition, its spire has a slightly convex outline in late whorls and its late sutural ramps bear a finer spiral sculpture.
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Conus bahamensis Vink & Röckel,1995
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in SMNS Bill Fenzan
Picture link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Apex x, no. 4, p. 99, f. 1-3
Ocean geography:West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Cat Cay Bahamas
Type Data: Holotype in SMNS deposited and catalogued
Type Size:31.1x16.8mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-JaspidivonusSpecies:-bahamensis
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Bahamas
Habitat:-Dredged in 40 fathoms.
Description:-Source Original description
Shell of moderate size(25-31mm). Last whorl pyriform. Spire of moderate height, slightly stepped, concave. Protoconch 8-9 whorls with the first 4-6 whorls of teleoconch slightly tuberculate. Ramp of last whorl with one broad spiral groove and many axial striae. Last whorl smooth except for with 8-12 spiral ribs near base. Colour yellowish white with broad hazy band of white at midbody and near shoulder.
Discussion:-C. mindanus can be distiguished from the new species by its conical last whorl, the straight outline of the spire, deep concave sutural ramp and lack of tubercles in the teleoconch whorls. Conus flavescens has a narrower last whorl with almost straight outline, and its spire has a straight outline and a concave sutural ramp. C. puncticulatus is smaller, has an ovately shaped last whorl and a carinated shoulder, and its anterior end is more twisted.
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Conus baiano Coltro, 2004
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MZUSP Original Description
Picture Link: Paul kersten
Published in: Strombus 11, p. 4
Ocean geography:West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: 25 km SW Abrolhos Arch., off Alcobaca, Bahia State, Brazil (17deg 24 S, 38deg 20 W)
Type Data: Holotype in MZUSP deposited and catalogued
Type Size:25x14mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus archetypus Crosse, 1865
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-PurpuriconusSpecies:-archetypus baiano forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Brasil, Bahia State
Habitat:-Lives on rubble and coral sand bottom at 10-25 meters on offshore reefs on southern Bahia State, Brazil
Description:-Source: Original description
Description: Length: 23 to 30 m, concave-sided moderately elevated spire (1/8 of length). Shoulder of the body whorl smooth. Body whorl slightly convex with 6-8 incised lines on the base. Apex pink-white to white, nucleus with 1 1/2 to 2 whorls, fine ribs on the first whorls. Spire with 5 up 7 whorls, with medium deep suture with white and brown dots, each whorl with 3-5 distinct spiral ridges crossed by many fine curved axial threads. Color body bright red with white marks and brown dots lines, sometimes dark purple-brown and white. Pink red aperture on red specimens or purple aperture on the purple specimens..
Discussion:-Conus baiano seems to belong to the C.archetypus Crosse, 1865 complex. The shell of the new species resembles the shells of C. bertarollae Costa & Simone, 1997 and C. abrolhosensis Petuch, 1986 with regard to spire ridges, color and patterns. However, the shell of C.baiano has a spire comparatively more elevated and a brighter coloration. Conus bertarollae and C. abrolhosensis have variable white and red spire, while C. baiano has white and brown marks in red background spire. Conus baiano is restricted to a single reef complex, with the red population distributed on the north part of the reef and the purple (and more rare) in the southern part of the reef. Besides some species as Conus bertarollae and C. baiano may be closer, C.bertatollae and C.abrolhosensis are found together but C.baiano is found far south, has an allopatric distribution and no intermediate specimens were found between them, even checking some large quantities of shells from this area.
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Conus baileyi Röckel da Motta, 1979
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Published in: La Conchiglia xi, no. 126-127, p. 9
Ocean geography:Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Off Russell Is., Solomon Sea; 60 fathoms
Type Data: Holotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size:29x14mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-ConasprellaSpecies:-baileyi
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Solomon Is., N. Queensland, New Caledonia, Loyalty Is.
Habitat:-In Solomon Is., in 100-150 m, in rubble and sand. In New Caledonia and Loyalty Is, in 120-390 m.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Small to moderately small, light to moderately light. Last whorl conical; outline almost straight; left side concave near base. Shoulder carinate. Spire or moderate height to high, outline concave. Larval shell of 3 or more whorls, maximum diameter about 0.9 mm. About first 4 postnucelar whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps concave, with 2-3 obsolete spiral striae in early and 3 increasing to 4-5 spiral grooves in late whorls. Last whorl with evenly spaced spiral grooves and ribbons between; elevations narrower below shoulder.
Ground colour white. Last whorl usually with spiral rows of yellowish brown dots. Spirally aligned brown blotches below shoulder, on both sides of centre and at base, forming 2 central spiral bands and a pale band below shoulder. Larval whorls white to light orange. Postnuclear sutural ramps with light brown radial blotches and regularly spaced darker brown spots at outer margins. Aperture white.
Shell Morphometry
L 21-32 mm
RW 0.04-0.09 g/mm
RD 0.51-0.63
PMD 0.88-0.94
RSH 0.18-0.24
Discussion:-The similar C. memiae can be distinguished by its broader (RD 0.62- 0.73) and often ventricose or pyriform last whorl, finer dots along the shoulder edge, and often pink ground colour. Shells of co-occuring C. memiae from Solomon Is. also have less carinate shoulders. C. baileyi also resembles C. wakayamaensis.C. baileyi differs in having a usually narrower last whorl (RD 0.51- 0.63c 0.59-0,73) and distinct spiral grooves on the late sutural ramps.
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Conus bairstowi Sowerby iii,1889
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in OMNH Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: J. Conchol. vi , p. 9, pl. 1, f. 12
Ocean geography:South Africa
Type Locality: South Africa
Type Data: Holotype in OMNH deposited and catalogued
Type Size:51x28mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Sciteconus Species:-bairstowi
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-E. Cape Province (South Africa)
Habitat:-Not known
Description:-Source Iconography
Moderately small to medium-sized, moderately solid. Shell ventricosely conical, sometimes pyriform. Shoulder gegerally subangulate to rounded in adults. In subadults the shoulder is rather more subangulate to angulate than rounded. Soire of low to moderate height, with a concave to straight profile and a prominent white to light brown protoconch. Flat teleoconch sutural ramps, late ones striated with 5-6 spiral grooves or many spiral striae. Last whorl with fine but distinct spiral ribs on basal half, stronger towards the base. Ground colour of the shell white, sometimes overlaid with yellowish or orange. Base brown or violet-brown. Aperture white, sometimes with an orangish tinge. The pattern of the last whorl consists of spiral rows of orange-brown to dark reddish-brown squarish spots, sometimes fusing into variably axial streaks of flames. Entirely white patternless specimens are also known. The spire has the same colour and pattern of the last whorl.
Discussion:-No Data
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Conus bajanensis Nowell-Usticke,1968
Pictures:
Picture Link: Lectotype in AMNH Alan Kohn
Picture Link:Paul Kersten
Published in: Caribbean Cones from St. Croix and Lesser Antilles, p. 28, pl. IV, f. 1020
Ocean geography:West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: South of Barbados near Guyana
Type Data: Lectotype in AMNH deposited and catalogued
Type Size:31.5x18mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Dalliconus Species:-bajanensis
Synonyms:- pseudoaustini Nowell-Usticke, 1968; guyanensis Van Mol, 1973
Geographic Range:-Off Guyana and Surinam on the north coast of South America
Habitat:-Dredged from muddy sand bottom in 30 to 250 m.
Description:-Source Vink
A light but strong shell, 25 to 35 mm, with the sides of the body whorl convex below the shoulder and then constricted to produce a narrow base, the spire high and concave sided, shoulder distinctly nodulose (with 20 to 22 nodules on the shoulder of the body whorl) or undulate, body whorl with broad ribs, which are somewhat pustulose. Grooves between the ribs with distinct growth lines. Nucleus: 1 1/2 to 2 whorls; spire whorls strongly nodulose, in some specimens nodules obsolete after the fifth postnuclear whorl,.margin then somewhat undulate. Tops of the first postnuclear whorls with two strong cords, one near the margin and one near the suture. The space between these cords is concave and crossed by distinct axial ribs. A third spiral cord is developed on the fifth and later whorls.
Discussion:-C. bajanensis could be confused with C. cancellatus (which has the sides of the body whorl below the shoulder parallel for a much longer distance, and which has irregular ridges which are not pustulose) and C. armiger (which is often spotted with brown and has the ribs on the upper part of the body whorl more distinctly pustulose. C. armiger has less than 20 nodules on the shoulder (Coomans et al., 1981, 21) and less distinct axial ribs, but rather strong growth lines, on the tops of the whorls).
Similar to C. cancellatus which has distinctly carinate shoulders without nodules, posterior ribs rarely pustulose,color pattern 3 distinct spiral bands of elongated brown retcangles;
C. armiger armiger Crosse relatively slender;the shoulder nodulose and all spire whorls;body ribs heavy usually with strong squarish beads,the interstices with brown spots;Gulf of Mexico;
C. armiger bajanensis Usticke Broader at shoulder and posterior;spire lower and straighter sides;shoulder weakly nodulose;body ribs beads weaker often just posterior;body whorl with brown nebulous band over posterior half not spotted;Barbados,Columbia,Surinam;
Comments byTucker
Vink separated Dalliconus bajanensis from D. armiger by the number of nodules along the shoulder. The first species was said to have from 20 to 22 nodules, whereas D. armiger was said to have 18 to 20 nodules. I counted nodes on four of six specimens that I had available (two had the nodules obsolete in the outer whorl). These four ranged from 17 to 21 nodules.
Thus, D. armiger and D. bajanensis are more or less identical in shell traits. However, they may differ in radular morphology as pointed out by Vink. Certainly further study of the D. bajanensis radula is needed. It is possible that the radula drawn by Van Mol (1973) was not fully developed.
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Conus balabacensis Filmer, 2012
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in NHMUK Guido Poppe
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Visaya 3, no. 6,p. 22-25, p. 22, fig. 1, 2 a & b, 3, p. 23, fig 90-91, pt. 64 – 68, pt 69, fig. 5 & 15
Ocean geography: Indo Pacific
Type Locality: Olango, Balabac Island, southern Palawan, Philippines
Type Data: Holotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 25,65 x 13,10 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-PhasmoconusSpecies:-balabaccensis
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Palawan, Philippines, N. Borneo
Habitat:-In sand or coral rubble and sand, in 5 to 50 mtrs
Description:-Source Original description
Small ovate, shiny shell. Protoconch is bluish white; spire is pinkish white with some orange brown bars; shoulder is subangulate; body whorl convex; surface contains a number of irregular angled spiral grooves. Ground color is pale pinkish white to peach colored; some red-brown dashes and spots; aperture is white with peach-pink.
Discussion:-Most often offered as C. andamanensis by dealers in the past.
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Conus balteatus Sowerby ii,1833
Pictures:
Picture Link: Representation of Lectotype Sowerby (1833: Pt. 37, fig. 58)
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Conch. Illus., pt. 37, f. 58
Ocean geography:Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Mascarenes
Type Data: A representative type figure has been recorded as: Sowerby (1833: Pt. 37, fig. 58)
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-RolaniconusSpecies:-balteatus
Synonyms:- pigmentatus A. Adams & Reeve, 1848; moussoni Crosse, 1865; cernicus H. Adams, 1869; propinquus Smith, 1877; concolor Barros e Cunha, 1933; circumclausus Fenaux, 1942; olgiatii Bozzetti, 2007; gilberti Bozzetti, 2012
Geographic Range:-Indian Ocean: Mozambique to N. Somalia, Mascarenes, Maldives and Indonesia; Pacific: Japan to W. Australia and Queensland and to Fiji and Samoa.
Habitat:-Typical form occurs intertidally and slightly subtidally on coral reef platforms, living on rough limestone, dead coral rocks, rubble and rubble mixed with sand, often hidden beneath coral rocks.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Small to medium-sized, moderately light to moderately solid; shells of form cernicus smaller than shells of typical form. Last whorl conical or ventricosely conical to broadly conical or pyriform, narrower in form cernicus; outline slightly to distinctly convex adapically, less so, straight or somewhat concave below. Shoulder usually angulate, strongly to weakly tuberculate. Spire of low to moderate height, outline straight to concave. Larval shell of 1.7-2.0 whorls, maximum diameter about 0.7 mm. Postnuclear spire whorls tuberculate to faintly tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat, with 1-2 increasing to 4-7 spiral grooves. Entire last whorl with closely spaced spiral ribs, weak in some populations.
Ground colour white, sometimes bluish violet. Last whorl encircled with a colour band, of various shades of brown to brownish red or olive, on each side of centre. Specimens with separate colour bands and ground-colour zones at centre, shoulder and base intergrade with specimens having only shoulder tubercles partially with ground colour. Dark zones of last whorl often speckled with white dots or dashes arranged in spiral rows, either scattered or regularly arrayed. Larval whorls and a few adjacent sutural ramps reddish violet. Later sutural ramps often of immaculate ground colour, sometimes maculated with markings matching spiral bands of last whorl in colour. Aperture translucent in small shells, violet to brown in larger shells.
Shell Morphometry
L 25-47 mm
(typical form; 18-30 mm form cernicus)
RW 0.09-0.30 g/mm
( typical form (L 23-35 mm); 0.05 - 0.14 g/mm (L 17-29 mm) form cernicus)
RD 0.60-0.77
PMD 0.78-0.90
RSH 0.07-0.18
C. cernicus has more rounded shoulder, lower coronations and spire usually blotched heavily with dark brown, and speckled with white.
C. pigmentatus typical pattern with tuberculate shoulders and body straight outline;
Discussion:-C. balteatus is similar to C. rattus. The intraspecific variability of C. balteatus has resulted in a number of synonyms that refer to individual variants or ecological forms.
C. pigmentatus is a typically patterned form with a tuberculate shoulder and the last whorl quite straight in outline. Such shells occur across the entire range of the species, although they are more common in eastern populations. C. p. concolor differs only in its violet colouration.
C. tenuisulcatus Sowerby III, 1873, corresponds with the original figure of C. balteatus except for a slightly different colour pattern. (Renamed propinquus)
C. moussoni may represent a comparatively slender (RD 0.61) colour variant with a largely yellowish cream last whorl.
The name C. cernicus applies to an ecological variant co-occurring with the typical form in the Mascarenes. Shells from this deep subtidal population closely resemble the original figure of C. circumclausus. If the high spire seen in the original figure of C. cernicus is considered to be somewhat aberrant, C. circumclausus can be synonymized with C. cernicus and hence with C. balteatus. Shells of this form differ only slightly from the typical form in their morphometry, less pronounced sculpture and often subangulate shoulder, and they intergrade in all characters with typical C. balteatus. A separation of the western and the eastern populations at the subspecies level is not justified, because the differences indicated by those authors are not geographically restricted.