Content Map: Unit 7 – “Hot & Cold: World War II & Its Aftermath”Content Area: Social StudiesGrade: 5th
Key Learning(s): Students will learn that the movement and migration of people impacted the expanding United States.
Unit Essential Question(s): How was the United States affected during WWII?
Concepts:
Beliefs and Ideals / Conflict and Change / Individuals, Groups, Institutions / Location / Production, Distribution, Consumption: / Technological Innovation:Lesson Essential Questions:
How did the United States and other sympathetic European nations try to contain the spread of communism or socialism in the world?Berlin Air lift
Korean War / What were the causes for World War II?
Rise of dictatorships.
Germany’s feelings from WWI.
Germany’s invation of Poland.
Rise of militarism. / How did the leaders of the Allied and Axis forces help or harm the people of their countries? / How did industry develop during WWII to meet the needs of its armed forces?
Increase in production of supplies needed for soldiers sent to war. America got out of Great Depression by putting people back to work. / How does rationing change consumer and manufacturing behavior?
Consumer – they need less from producer/ manufacturing
Manufacturing – need to produce less for consumers / How did technology help the military forces engaged in WWII?
Military forces were able to fight more aggressively and with more information.
Why did the United States get involved in the Berlin Airlift?
To stop the spread of communism.
To help those in need. / How did the Germans keep the Holocaust secret until the end of World War II?
People were told the Jewish families were being “relocated”. / How did the role of women and African Americans change during period of time prior to World War II and the period of time immediately following World War II?
Women and African Americans were given and put in roles that they had previously not been able to have. People saw that they could do these roles well. / How was the United States able to supply its armed forces overseas in Europe and Asia?
Rations and Victory Gardens in America allowed food to be sent to soldiers in Europe and Asia.
Women went to work in factories to make supplies needed for battle. / What was the opportunity cost for Americans that supported the efforts of the home front during WWII?
American economy got worse before 1941.
Not able to go to front lines or join a branch of the military.
Also had to ration and make victory gardens. / Why were businesses able to recover from the Great Depression as a result of new technology and WWII?
Demand increased which caused the need for more workers. This need put people to work making money.
Why were organizations like the United Nations and NATO created?
To help stop the spread of communism and countries attacking others. / How did the term “Cold War” and the term “Iron Curtain” originate and are the terms accurate descriptions of the time immediately following WWII?
There was no fighting of arms, just fighting of thoughts, words, and ideas. Iron curtain is the symbol of the division of those ideas. / How did the actions of Joseph McCarthy impact the lives of innocent Americans?
Many Americans were accused of being spies and communists. These Americans lost their jobs. /
How did the actions of Nikita Khrushchev influence the Cuban Missile Crisis?
He supplied Cuba with nuclear missles which caused fear in Americans that they would be attacked.
Key Terms:
People:
- Benito Mussolini - Italy __Leader of Italy who joined forces with Germany and Japan – Axis powers _____
- Adolf Hitler - Germany _Leader of Germany. Started WWII with invasion of Poland. Part of Axis powers _
- Emperor Hirohito - Japan (emperor) _Leader of Japan. Axis powers. Issued bombing of Pearl Harbor _____
- Winston Churchill - Great Britain _Leader of England. Allied powers ______
- Franklin Roosevelt - United States __President. Allied powers. Fireside chats. Polio. ______
- Harry Truman - United States __President after Roosevelt’s death during WWII battle with Japan. ______
- Josef Stalin - Soviet Union __Signed agreement with Hitler to not attack each other. Disagreement with Allies after WWII which led to Cold War ______
Other Notable Figures –
- Eleanor Roosevelt – (Organizing the home-front) ______
- Josef McCarthy – (Red Scare & communism) _Senator who said spies were in America and in government. Led to many people getting fired. ______
- Woodrow Wilson – (League of Nations, later to become the United Nations) __President of US ______
- Nikita Khrushchev Leader of Soviet Union during Cold War. Rumors that he gave nuclear weapons to Cuba
- Captain Benjamin O. Davis, Jr – (Original commander of the Tuskegee Airmen) ______
- Rose Will Monroe – (History records her as possibly the model for “Rosie the Riveter”)
Vocabulary:
- Pearl Harbor __Japan attacking US in Hawaii on December 7, 1941. Lead to US joining forces in WWII. ___
- Iwo Jima __Major battle with Japan. Part of the Island Hopping battles of WWII. ______
- D-Day _Allied soldiers invaded the beach of Normandy, France to liberate Europe from Nazi control_____
- VE Day _Germany was forced to surrender due to U.S and Soviet invasions. Victory in Europe Day ______
- VJ Day __The Japanese were defeated and surrendered. Allies declared Victory in Japan Day______
- Holocaust Hitler took Jews and “relocated” them into concentration camps. No one knew until after the war
- Cold War __A war of beliefs and ideas. Disagreement between the beliefs of communism vs. capitalism ___
- Iron Curtain __An imaginary line separating communism from capitalism in Europe ______
- Cuba Missile Crisis _Fear that Americans had that Cuba had nuclear missles and were aiming them towards America ______
- Berlin airlift __Air drop of supplies to West Berlin after the city was cut off by Soviet rule ______
- Korean War _North Korea (communist) invaded South Korea (capitalism) to spread communism ______
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) _An alliance to keep the Soviet Union from forcing communism on other countries ______
- communism __the government controls production and owns the nation’s natural and capital resources ____
- capitalism __ordinary peopleand business control the production of goods and services ______
- socialism _the government controls production and discribution of capital, land, etc. determined by workers contributions ______
- Great Depression ______
- Fascism ____a system in which the government controls the economy, culture, and all other parts of people’s lives ______
- racism __the idea that one race, or gorup of people, is better than other races ______
- dictator _a ruler who has total power over a country and its people ______
(Economic Concepts)
- rationing _the limits on the amount of some goods civilians can have ______
- opportunity costs _the thing you give up when you decide to do or have something else ______
- consumer behavior _the behavior of consumers (buying products by needs, wants, or price) ______
- manufacturing behavior _the behavior of producers based on resources, supply, or demand ______
- industry _the factories and production of materials ______