Valencia High School AP/IB Art HistoryMrs. Schultz

Content Area: Mid Europe and Colonial Americas, c. 1000- 1750 C.E.

Unit #5

Chapter 24 Italy & Spain and Chapter 25 Northern Europe France: Baroque

1600- 1700

History

  • The finishing of St. Peter's became a crusade for the Catholic Church
  • 1498 Expulsion of Jews and Moors from Spain
  • 1534 The Counter-Reformation movement reaffirmed all the things the Protestant Reformation was against. Protestants were iconoclasts.
  • 1542 Universal inquisition established effort to censor printed matter
  • 1543 Copernicus’s On the Revolution of the Heavenly Orbs

Galileo investigation raised unsettling questions about a man’s place in the universe

  • The Thirty Years (1618-1648). It devastated Europe which produced a halt in art making. It was a culmination of religious wars of the 16th century: Catholics vs. Protestants.
  • Treaty of Westphalia ends 30 year’s War in 1648
  • 1650: Increased power and influence of French Kings. This shifted the art world from Rome to France.
  • France became center of modern art and innovation.

List of Required AP Works (13 works):

Cue Cards

1.Calling of Saint Matthew, Caravaggio. c. 1597- 1601 C.E. Oil on canvas (pg 681).

2. Henri IV Receives the Portrait of Marie de’ Medici, from the Marie de’ Medici Cycle. Peter Paul Rubens. 1621- 1625 C.E. Oil on canvas. (Arrival of Marie de ‘Medici at Marseilles, (pg 698- 699).

3. Self- Portrait with Saskia. Rembrandt van Rijn. 1636 C.E. Etching.

4. San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane. Rome, Italy. Francesco Borromini (architect) 1638- 1646 C.E. Stone/ stucco (pg 676-677, 718).

5. Ecstasy of Saint Teresa. Cornaro Chapel, Church of Santa Maria della Vittoria. Rome, Italy. Gian Lorenzo Bernini. c. 1647- 1652 C.E. Marble (sculpture); stucco and gilt bronze (chapel) (pg. 674- 675, 682).

6. Angel with Arquebus, Asiel Timor Dei. Master of Calamarca (La Paz School). c. 17th century C.E. Oil on canvas.

7. Las Meninas. Diego Velazquez. c. 1656 C.E. Oil on canvas (pg. 690-692, 784).

8. Woman Holding a Balance. Johannes Vermeer. c. 1664 C.E. Oil on canvas (pg. 711).

9. The Palace at Versailles. Versailles, France. Louis Le Vau and Jules Hardouin- Mansart (architects). Begun 1669 C.E. Masonry, stone, wood, iron, and gold leaf (architecture); marble and bronze (sculpture); gardens (pg. 715- 716, 717-718, 730, 749, 750).

10. Screen with the Siege of Belgrade and hunting scene. Circle of the Gonzalez Family. c. 1697- 1701 C.E. Tempera and resin on wood, shell inlay.

11. The Virgin of Guadalupe (Virgin de Guadalupe). Miguel Gonzalez. c. 1698 C.E. Based on original Virgin of Guadalupe. Basilica of Guadalupe, Mexico City. 16th century C.E. Oil on canvas on wood, inlaid with mother-of-pearl.

12. Fruit and Insects. Rachel Ruysch. 1711 C.E. Oil on wood.

13. Portrait of Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz. Miguel Cabrera. c. 1750 C.E. Oil on canvas.

List of Required IB Works (10 works):

Cue Cards

1. Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio, The Calling of St Matthew (1599-1600).Oil on canvas.San Luigi deiFrancesi, Rome.(pg 681).

2. Annibale Carracci, Christ appearing to Saint Peter on the Appian Way (1601-02). Oil on wood.National Gallery, London.

3. Peter Paul Rubens, The Elevation of the Cross (1609-10). Oil on canvas.Cathedral of Our Lady, Antwerp (pg. 698).

4. Gian Lorenzo Bernini, David (1623-24). White marble.Galleria Borghese, Rome (pg. 674).

5. Anthony van Dyck, Equestrian Portrait of Charles I (about 1637-38).Oil on canvas.National Gallery, London.(p. 701)

6. Nicolas Poussin, Et in Arcadia ego (c. 1638-40). Oil on canvas.Musee du Louvre, Paris (pg. 719).

7. Rembrandt van Rijn, ‘The Jewish Bride’ (1667). Oil on canvas. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam.

8. Sir Christopher Wren, St Paul’s Cathedral, London. Exterior and ground-plan (pg. 724).

9. Rachel Ruysch, Fruit and Insects (1711).Oil on wood, 44x60 cm. Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence. (p. 713)

10. Pietro da Cortona, Church of Santa Maria della Pace, Rome, 1656-1667.

Vocabulary

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Valencia High School AP/IB Art HistoryMrs. Schultz

  1. baldacchio
  2. camera obscura
  3. dry point
  4. Grand Manner
  5. matte
  6. quadroriptato format
  7. stil life
  8. Tenebrism
  9. vanitas

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Valencia High School AP/IB Art HistoryMrs. Schultz

Ideas/Concepts

  • Art during the Baroque period is influenced by the Counter-Reformation, symbolized the Catholic resurgence (after the Protestant Reformation).
  • Baroque art flourished in Holland and became of the voice to counter Catholic art.
  • Baroque can be separated in 2 schools: classicists (influenced by Raphael) and naturalists(inspired by Titian).
  • Baroque architecture is associated with the grand and majestic royal courts.

Painting: “ Everything old is new again” (Art in the service of royal power)

  • Religious Genre: Rembrandt/Rubens sense of immediacy, heightened emotional portrayal of Old and New Testament
  • Mythological Genre: Velazquez/Rubens – myth is presented in contemporary context and humanized
  • Allegorical histories: Rubens- reality and fiction combines to show rulers as divine powers
  • Academic Classicism: Nostalgia for another time/place myth and landscape

Things to think about

Things to think about: What was the baroque style? There are distinct characteristics that come forth during this period. What are they? Who are the masters of this period? Why are there so many well-known artists coming into view? How was art changing from the Renaissance period? How was the role of the artist changing? In what way is the representation of the human body being depicted? Why? What role did the various leaders play in forming new artistic styles? Did they have less or more influence over the artist from before? Remember that art changes with the culture. Be responsible for knowing about the cultural shifts in Europe and America during this time.

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