Student Review

This was made by the Fall ’14 Honors Physics Class. Sections are by topic. For keys: refer to the section numberin red above each subsection.

Constant Velocity and Position Time Graphs

Section 1

  1. Which of the following statements about position-time graphs are TRUE?

a. Position-time graphs does not represent accelerated motion.

b. The slope on a position-time graph is the acceleration of the object.

c. A straight, diagonal line on a position-time graph means that the object has a constant velocity.

d. An object at rest will be a horizontal line located on the x-axis on a position-time graph.

  1. A man walks two blocks north, 3 blocks east, 2 blocks south, and 1 block west. What is his displacement?
  1. A man walks 2 blocks north, 3 blocks east, 2 blocks south, and 1 block west. What is his distance?
  1. A car is traveling at a constant velocity of 20m/s for 10 seconds. What is the cars distance?
  1. A car is traveling at 10 m/s for 3 seconds, then travels at 20 m/s for 5 seconds, and finally travels at 5 m/s for 2 seconds. Graph the cars trip.
  1. The graph represents a moving car. At which segment is the car moving the fastest?
  1. ______is a vector quantity that refers to "how far out of place an object is"; it is the object's overall change in position.
  1. Which line(s) does not represent a constant velocity?
  2. A car is traveling at 20m/s for 40m, then slows down to 15m/s for 50m, and then accelerates to 35m/s for 45m. Sketch the graph.
  1. A train (traveling at a constant velocity) covers 60 miles between 2 p.m. and 4 p.m. How fast was it going at 3 p.m.?

Horizontal 1-D Kinematics and Velocity-Time Graphs

Section 2

  1. Graph the velocity time graph for the following points:

Time(s) / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
Velocity(m/s) / 50 / 100 / 150 / 200 / 250
  1. Graph the veloctiy time graph for the following points:

Time(s) / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
velocity(m/s) / 25 / 30 / 40 / 70 / 85
  1. Find the velocities of the following points

Time (s) / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7 / 8 / 9 / 10
velocity(m/s) / 25 / 30 / 35 / 40 / 45 / 60 / 75 / 90 / 105 / 120
  1. Explain the meaning of the slope in a velocity-time graph.
  1. What is the difference between a negative and positive slope?
  1. A plane is landing with a speed of 100 m/s. It has a 900 m runway where it must slow down to a speed of 3 m/s. What is the acceleration?
  1. A school bus goes from 0 m/s to 60 m/s with an acceleration of 4 m/s^2, how long does it take for the school bus to accelerate?
  1. A canon is 2 m long, a cannon ball leaves the cannon at a speed of 12 m/s. How long does it take for the cannon ball to leave the cannon with a constant acceleration?
  1. A ball is rolled across a flat table, with an initial velocity of 1 m/s. If the ball has an acceleration of 2.5 m/s^2, and takes 7 seconds to roll across the table, what is the final velocity?
  1. A car drives along a road with an initial velocity of 30 m/s and ends with a final velocity of 60 m/s. If the car travels 200 m, what is the acceleration of the car?

Section 3

  1. An airplane accelerates from rest down a runway at 2 m/s2 for 30s until is finally lifts off the ground. Determine the velocity and distance traveled before takeoff.
  2. A wagon starts from rest and accelerates uniformly over a time of 10 seconds for a distance of 30m. Determine the acceleration of the wagon.
  3. Santa rides a rocket-powered sleigh that is accelerated to a speed of 600m/s in 2 seconds. What is the acceleration and what is the distance that the sled travels in 4 minutes?
  4. A bike accelerates uniformly from rest to a speed of 7m/s over a distance of 30m. Determine the acceleration of the bike.
  5. Johnny, a four foot tall demon child, throws a baseball with an initial velocity of 12 m/s at a 45 degree angle. What is the speed of the ball when it hits the ground and how far away is the ball when it reaches ground level?
  6. Samantha is driving a rally car and goes off of a jump. As she approaches the jump, she is traveling at a constant velocity of 10 m/s. If the jump is angled at 40 degrees, how close does the other side of the jump need to be in order for Samantha to make it to the other side? How fast is she traveling in the Y direction when she lands?
  7. Tucker, a licensed diver, goes cliff diving. He runs off a cliff at 1m/s before diving down 20 feet into the water. What is the velocity Tucker is at when he hits the water’s surface? (Do not try this at home- or at a cliff)
  8. Mr. Breish, who is apparentlysuper human, throws a water bottle at Gray at 100m/s at an angle of 30 degrees. Gray is the same height as Mr. Breish. How far away does Gray have to be in order for Mr. Breish to hit him in the face?

Vertical 1-D Kinematics

Section 4

  1. A person falls off of the giant rubber band ball and lands below8seconds later. How high was he up when he was on the rubber band ball?
  1. A rat is dropped by its owner off of a 316mskyscraper. What is the FINAL VELOCITYof the free falling rat?
  1. A cantaloupe is shot from ground level with an initial velocity of 50m/s. How high does the cantaloupe go?
  1. A diver jumps off of the 10m platform.
  2. Find the TIMEit takes the diver to hit the water
  3. Find the FINAL VELOCITYof the diver
  1. A bar of soap is launched 60m into the air.
  2. Find the TIME it takes for the bar of soap to reach 60m
  3. Find the INITIAL VELOCITYof the bar of soap
  1. A tree stump falls from a cloud and reaches the ground in 16 seconds.
  2. How high is the cloud from the ground?
  3. What is the VELOCITYof the tree stump at 7 seconds?
  4. At 10 seconds, how far is the tree stump from the ground?
  5. At 3 seconds, how far has the tree stump already fallen?

Velocity-Time Graphs with Constant Acceleration

Section 5

What is the shape of the velocity-time graph when the acceleration is negative, zero, and positive?

  1. Negative:
  2. Zero:
  3. Positive:
  1. What happens to the slope when the acceleration increases?
  1. Draw a velocity-time graph for a train that moves at 40 m/s for 7 seconds.
  1. Draw a velocity-time graph for a car that accelerates at 5 m/s for 10 seconds.
  1. Draw a velocity-time graph for a car that decelerates at 2 m/s for 5 seconds.

Answer the following questions using the graph below.

  1. What is the area underneath the graph?
  1. How fast is the car going at point B?
  1. What does the shape of the slope represent?
  1. What is the slopes value?
  1. Label each letter as a negative, zero, or positive acceleration.

Newton’s 1st and 3rd Laws of Motion

Section 6

  1. What is the definition of Newtons 1st law?
  2. Do the forces need to be balanced or unbalanced?
  3. What is the definition of Newtons 3rd law?
  4. What is the equation for force?
  5. What is inertia?
  6. Static friction prevents sliding and there is a 40 degree angle. The block has a mass of 15kg. Find the normal force and the force of friction.
  1. Find the normal force with a block that has a mass of 9kg.
  1. The object is being pulled at a constant speed with no acceleration. Find F if the mass of the block is 8kg.

.

  1. An block is motionless. The block has a mass of 10kg. The angle is 35 degrees. Find the two tensions
  1. A block is sitting on a flat table and has a mass of 60kg. The coefficient of static friction is 0.33 and the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.11. What is the minimum force necessary to move the block?

Newton’s 2nd on a Flat Surface

Section 7

  1. What is the acceleration of an object that is 1000kg and has an engine that is producing 600N of force on a frictionless plane?
  1. A boy is pushing his new car on a frictionless plane with and acceleration of 7.2 M/s^2. The car weighs 645 kg. What is the net force that the boy is exerting?
  1. A soldier is pulling a box across the field. He is pulling at a 30 degree angle. The box weighs 300 kg. if the box is accelerating at 2.3m/s^2, How much force is the soldier pulling with
  1. A car is pushed with 400N of force. On a plane that exerts 100N of friction. If the Box weighs 555kg. At what rate is it accelerating?
  1. A car is driving on a horizontal surface experiencing 300 N of resistive force. If the Car has a mass of 2000kg and the engine is producing 1000N of forward thrust What is the acceleration of the Car.
  1. With the Same car (2000kg) how much force must have been exerted to achieve an acceleration of 2.0m/s^2
  1. A girl is trying to move a block of ice across a frictionless plane with 500N of force. If she is pushing down on the 100kg Block of ice at a 35 degree angle will it accelerate? At what Speed?
  1. The coefficient of friction is .25. If the box weighs 1100kg and is accelerating at 4.5m/s^2. How much force is being put into the box?
  1. What is the coefficient of friction on a car that weighs 600 kg and experiences 100N of resistance?
  1. You roll a ball with 400N of force. The ball weighs 120kg. How fast is it accelerating?

Newton’s 2nd on an inclined Plane

Section 8

  1. A 35kg box is sliding down an inclined plane at an angle of 30 degrees. µk=.7, find the force of friction.
  2. A 55kg box is sliding down an inclined plane at an angle of 75 degrees. µk=.4, find the sum of the forces and the acceleration.
  3. A 123kg box slides down a frictionless plane at an angle of 13 degrees. What is the acceleration?
  4. A 65kg box slides down a frictionless plane at an angle of 64 degrees. What is the sum of the forces?
  5. A 23 kg box slides down an inclined plane. The force of friction is equal to 35N. What is the angle measurement?
  6. A 78kg box slides down an inclined plane at an angle of 54 degrees. What is the normal force?

2-D Kinematics: Horizontal Trajectory and Δy=0

Section 9

  1. A 1kg ball rolls off of a 20 meter cliff. If it has a velocity of 2m/s how far from the base of the cliff will it land?
  2. A cannon launches a 5kg projectile, with an initial velocity of 3m/s, from 1m high, at a 60 degree angle (relative to the ground). How far from the base of the cannon will the projectile travel?
  1. A motor cycle traveling at 27m/s launches off of a 30degree ramp. If he/she is to land on a 5m tall platform, how far should the platform be placed?
  1. A 2m tall basketball player, throws a 1 kg basket at a 45 degree angle. He/she is standing 3m away and the net is 3m high. At what velocity should he/she throw the ball at?
  1. An airplane traveling at 572m/s drops a 17kg package. The plane is 400m above the ground, at what distance away from the target should the plane drop the package?
  1. A catapult launches a 250kg rock from 7m high, at an angle of 20 degrees. The catapult is 50 meters away from a wall, if the rock was in the air for 5 seconds, at what height will it hit the wall?

Work, Power and Energy

Section 10

Work

1.On her way to school, Amelia drags her backpack 10 meters from the door of her house to the bus at a constant speed while applying a horizontal force of 75 N.

a.Draw a force diagram of the backpack.

b.How much work does Amelia do to pull the backpack to the bus?

2.A 100 kg rock is pulled at a constant speed by a horse in the picture below. The rock moves a distance of 3 meters across the horizontal surface.uk=0.60

a.How much work is done by the pulling force?

3.How much work is done on the rock in problem #2 by the force of Earth. Show your work and explain your answer.

Energy

4. A chair has a weight of 50 N and is dropped 10 meters above the floor.

a.What is the potential energy of the chair just before it is dropped?

b.What is the kinetic energy of the chair when it is 4 meters above the floor?

c.What is the speed of the chair when it reaches the floor?

5. A pencil of mass 0.2 kg is rolling across the table with a speed of 6m/s. When the pencil reaches the edge of the table, it rolls down an incline onto the floor 2 meters below. What is the speed of the pencil when it reaches the floor?

6. A skateboard has amass of 2 kg is moving on a horizontal track with a velocity of 11 m/s. If the track suddenly turns upward, how high up the track will the skateboard travel?

Power

7. A 45 kg box is lifted a distance of 12 meters straight up at a constant speed using a rope. How much average power is required to complete this task in 4 seconds?

8. Harry and Bob are weight lifterscompeting in a contest. Harry boasts that he can lift a 100 kg weight 2 meters vertically, in 3 seconds. Bob counters with his claim of lifting a 200 kg weight, 5 meters vertically, in 20 seconds. Which lifter has the greater average power rating?

9. How long would it take a 9.5 kW crane to raise a 400 kg couch to an apartment window 12 meters above the ground?

10. A fire truck requires a pump that can move 8 kg of water vertically 8 meters each second. Does a 2.25 hp pump have enough power to do the job? Why or why not? If not, what would be necessary?

Electricity

Section 11

  1. You have a 12 volt battery and a 4 ohm resister; how many amps does this circuit have?
  1. You have three 7.2 volt batteries and three 5 ohm resisters in a series circuit. Find power and amps.
  1. A 90 volt generator powers a refrigerator with a resistance of 1200 ohms, and a dehumidifier with a resistance of 2300 ohms. Find voltage and power for each appliance.
  1. You have a circuit with three resisters with 12 ohms, 18 ohms, and 14 ohms, and a current of .2727 amps. What voltage does that battery have?
  1. Three 2.4 volt batteries with three resisters of 5 ohms, 8 ohms, and 17 ohms combine to make a parallel circuit. What is the current of each bulb? What is the total power?
  1. Two 4.8 volt batteries with two resisters of 6 and 9 ohms combine to make a parallel circuit. What is the current of each bulb? What is the total power?
  1. How do amps differ between series and parallel circuits?
  1. A 15 volt battery is connected in series to a 10 ohm resister. The circuit than connects to a 7 and 12 ohm resister in parallel. What’s the voltage and current on each resister?
  1. Find voltage and current on each resister, find the power on the 5 ohm resister.

Letter / Voltage / Current / Resistance
A
B
C
D
Total

Section 12

1.Determine the current from the following information:

a.A car has a 12V battery with a resistance of approximately 1000Ω

2.Determine the power from the following information:

a.A toy has a resistance of 5Ω and a current of 12A

3.In a series, a 20V battery is connected to a circuit with 3 resisters of 5, 10, and 15Ω.

a.Draw the circuit

b.Determine the current on each resister

4.A 10V battery is connected in parallel to 13Ω and 7Ω resisters.

a.Draw the circuit

b.Determine the total resistance and current on each resister

5.A 50V battery is connected to 10Ω, 12Ω, and 14Ω resisters.

a.Draw a circuit in series and parallel

b.Determine the current

6.A 25V battery is connected in series to 7Ω and 9Ω resisters. The circuit then connects in parallel to 11Ω and 13Ω resisters.

a.Draw the combined circuit

b.Fill in the chart below

Letter / Voltage / Current / Resister
A
B
C
D
Total

7.A 200V battery is connected in parallel to 8Ω, 14Ω, and 18Ω resisters. It is then connected to a series with a 28Ω resister.

a.Draw the combined circuit.

b.Fill in the chart below.

Letter / Voltage / Current / Resister
A
B
C
D
Total

8.A 78V battery is connected to in series to an 80Ω resister. It is then connected in parallel to 34Ω and 42Ω resisters.

a.Draw the combined circuit.

b.Fill in the chart below.

Letter / Voltage / Current / Resister
A
B
C
D
Total

9.A circuit in parallel has 4 resisters all with 30Ω and has a total current of 60V.

a.Draw the circuit

b.Determine the…

i.Total resistance

ii.Total voltage/for each resister

iii.Current for each resister

10.What is the difference between a conductor and an insulator?

Answer Key:

Constant Velocity and Position Time Graphs

Section 1

1)C

2)1 block

3)8 blocks

4)200m

5)(graph)

6)C

7)Displacement

8)C

9)(graph)

10)30 mph

Horizontal 1-D Kinematics and Velocity-Time Graphs.

Section 2

1

2)

3)

4) slope= acceleration

5)positive slope= acceleration, neg slope=deceleration

6) -5.55 m/s^2

7) 15 seconds

8) 36 seconds

9) 18.5 m/s

10) 6.75 m/s^2

Section 3-incomplete

  1. V = 60 m/s

∆x = 1800 m

  1. A = .1 m/s
  2. A = 300 m/s^2

∆x = 144,000 m

  1. A = 1.63 m/s^2

Vertical 1-D Kinematics

Section 4

1)Height = 313.6m

2)Vf = 78.7m/s

3)Height = 127.55m

4)a) time = 1.43s

b) Final Velocity = -14.014m/s

5)a) time = 3.5s

b) Initial Velocity = 34.29m/s

6)a) 1254.4m

b) Velocity = 68.6m/s

c) height = 764.4m

d) height = 44.1m

Velocity-Time Graphs with Constant Acceleration

Section5

1.)

a.) Downward slope

b.) Horizontal

c.) Upward Slope

2.) The Slope gets steeper

6.) Displacement

7.) 50 m/s

8.) The objects motion

9.) The acceleration of the object

10.)

a.) positive

b.) zero

c.) negative

Newton’s 1st and 3rd Laws of Motion

Section 6

  1. An object that is at rest will stay at rest unless an external force acts upon it. An object that is in motion will not change its velocity unless an external force acts upon it.
  2. Balanced
  3. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
  4. F=mg
  5. a property of matter by which it continues in its existing state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line, unless that state is changed by an external force.
  6. 147, 94.4
  7. 88.2 N
  8. 78.4 N
  9. T1 = 119.64 T2= 68.62
  10. 194.04

Newton’s 2nd on a Flat Surface

Section 7

1)6 M/S^2

2)4644N

3)398.37 N

4).54 M/S^2

5).35 M/S^2

6)3700N

7)2.88 M/S^2

8)48070 N

9)58.8

10)3.33 M/S^2

Newton’s 2nd on an inclined Plane

Section 8

  1. 207.93N
  2. 464.83N and 8.45m/s^2
  3. 2.2m/s^2
  4. 572.53N
  5. 8.9 degrees
  6. 449.30N

2-D Kinematics: Horizontal Trajectory and Δy=0

Section 9

  1. 4.04 m
  2. 1.18 m
  3. 54.11 m
  4. 6.26m/s
  5. 5,168.065m
  6. 20.237m

Work, Power and Energy

Section 10- Answers Missing

Electricity

Section 11

  1. I = 3 amps
  2. P=3.46 watts , I= .48 amps
  3. V1= 31.2, V2= 59.8, P1= .81 watts, P2= 1.55 watts
  4. V= 12 volts
  5. I1= 1.44 amps, I2= .9 amps, I3= .42 amps Ptot= 19.8 watts
  6. I1= 1.6 amps, 12=1.067 amps, Ptot= 9.6 watts
  7. Itot=I1=I2=I3 series | Itot=I1+I2 +I3 parallel

Letter / Voltage / Current / Resistance
A / 10.4V / 1.04 amps / 10 ohms
B / 4.6V / 0.66 amps / 7 ohms
C / 4.6V / 0.38 amps / 12 ohms
Total / 15V / 1.04 amps / 14.4 ohms
Letter / Voltage / Current / Resistance
A / 15v / 3 amps / 5 ohms
B / 60v / 2 amps / 30 ohms
C / 60v / 1 amp / 60 ohms
Total / 75v / 3 amps / 25 ohms

P=45W

10.

Letter / Voltage / Current / Resistance
A / 40v / 4 amps / 10 ohms
B / 160v / 0.8 amps / 200 ohms
C / 96v / 3.2 amps / 30 ohms
D / 64v / 3.2 amps / 20 ohms
Total / 200v / 4 amps / 50 ohms

Section 12

Review sheet answers

1.)I= 0.012 A

2.)P= 720W

3.)= 4A

= 2A

= 1.33A

4.)Total resistance= 4.55Ω

= .77A

= 1.43A

5.)series

I= 1.39A

R1=10Ω

R2=12Ω

R3=14Ω

Rtotal= 36

V1= 13.9V

V2= 16.68V

V3= 19.46V

Parallel

V=50V

I1=5A

I2= 4.17A

I3= 3.57A

R1=10Ω

R2=12Ω

R3=14Ω

6.)

Letter / Voltage (V) / Current (A) / Resister (Ω)
A / ff / /
B / / /
C / / /
D / / /
Total / / /

7.)

Letter / Voltage (V) / Current (A) / Resister (Ω)
A / 24.72 / 3.09 / 8
B / 24.72 / 1.77 / 14
C / 24.72 / 1.37 / 18
D / 175.28 / 6.26 / 28
Total / 200 / 6.26 / 31.97

8.)

Letter / Voltage (V) / Current (A) / Resister (Ω)
A / 63.12 / 0.789 / 80
B / 14.88 / 0.44 / 34
C / 14.88 / 0.35 / 42
Total / 78 / 0.789 / 98.79

9.)

Letter / Voltage (V) / Current (A) / Resister (Ω)
A / 60 / 2 / 30
B / 60 / 2 / 30
C / 60 / 2 / 30
D / 60 / 2 / 30
Total / 60 / 8 / 7.5

10.) Conductors permit electrons to flow freely throughout particles and charge is transferred throughout the surface of an object

Inductors doesn’t permit a free flow of electrons