Combined Mesh and Keyword Search Conducted 7/20/17
Appendix 1.
PubMed
Combined MeSH and keyword search conducted 7/20/17:
("palliative care" OR "palliative care"[mesh] OR “supportive care”)
AND ("education"[Mesh] OR education) AND ("Poverty"[Mesh] OR "Healthcare Disparities"[Mesh] OR "Health Status Disparities"[Mesh] OR "Safety-net Providers"[Mesh] OR "Vulnerable Populations"[Mesh] OR "underserved population" OR "underserved group*" OR "low-resource" OR poverty OR "low income" OR "safety net" OR "vulnerable populations" OR "health disparities")
Total Results: 139
Embase
Combined EmTree and keyword search conducted 7/20/17:
('palliative therapy'/exp OR 'palliative therapy' OR ‘supportive care’) AND ('education'/exp OR education) AND ('poverty'/exp OR poverty OR 'health care disparity'/exp OR 'health care disparity' OR 'health disparity'/exp OR 'health disparity' OR 'safety net hospital'/exp OR 'safety net hospital' OR 'vulnerable population'/exp OR 'vulnerable population' OR 'underserved population' OR 'underserved group' OR 'low resource' OR 'low income country'/exp OR 'low income country' OR 'lowest income group'/exp OR 'lowest income group')
Total Results: 248
Cochrane
Multiple keyword searches conducted 7/20/17:
("supportive care" or "palliative care") AND education AND poverty: 0
("supportive care" or "palliative care") AND education AND disparity: 6
("supportive care" or "palliative care") AND education AND “safety net”: 0
("supportive care" or "palliative care") AND education AND vulnerable: 0
("supportive care" or "palliative care") AND education AND socioeconomic: 5
("supportive care" or "palliative care") AND education AND underserved: 2
("supportive care" or "palliative care") AND education AND “low income”: 0
Total Results: 13
Web of Science
Topic keyword search conducted 7/20/17
TOPIC: ("palliative care" or “supportive care”) AND TOPIC: (education OR "oncology education") AND TOPIC: ("poverty" OR "healthcare disparities" OR "health status disparities" OR "safety net providers" OR "vulnerable populations" OR "underserved populations" OR "underserved group*" OR "low-resource" OR "low income" OR "safety net" OR "health disparities")
Total Results: 36
Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL)
Keyword search conducted 7/20/17
(“palliative care" OR “supportive care”) AND education AND ("poverty" OR "healthcare disparities" OR "health status disparities" OR "safety net providers" OR "vulnerable populations" OR "underserved populations" OR "underserved group*" OR "low-resource" OR "low income" OR "safety net" OR "health disparities")
Total Results: 45
Med Ed Portal
Keyword search conducted 8/11/17
palliative care or cancer
Total Results: 84
Appendix 2. PRISMA Checklist
Section/topic / # / Checklist item / Reported on page #TITLE
Title / 1 / Identify the report as a systematic review, meta-analysis, or both. / Title page
ABSTRACT
Structured summary / 2 / Provide a structured summary including, as applicable: background; objectives; data sources; study eligibility criteria, participants, and interventions; study appraisal and synthesis methods; results; limitations; conclusions and implications of key findings; systematic review registration number. / 1
INTRODUCTION
Rationale / 3 / Describe the rationale for the review in the context of what is already known. / 3-4
Objectives / 4 / Provide an explicit statement of questions being addressed with reference to participants, interventions, comparisons, outcomes, and study design (PICOS). / 4
METHODS
Protocol and registration / 5 / Indicate if a review protocol exists, if and where it can be accessed (e.g., Web address), and, if available, provide registration information including registration number. / n/a
Eligibility criteria / 6 / Specify study characteristics (e.g., PICOS, length of follow-up) and report characteristics (e.g., years considered, language, publication status) used as criteria for eligibility, giving rationale. / 5
Information sources / 7 / Describe all information sources (e.g., databases with dates of coverage, contact with study authors to identify additional studies) in the search and date last searched. / 5
Search / 8 / Present full electronic search strategy for at least one database, including any limits used, such that it could be repeated. / 5
Study selection / 9 / State the process for selecting studies (i.e., screening, eligibility, included in systematic review, and, if applicable, included in the meta-analysis). / 5
Data collection process / 10 / Describe method of data extraction from reports (e.g., piloted forms, independently, in duplicate) and any processes for obtaining and confirming data from investigators. / 6
Data items / 11 / List and define all variables for which data were sought (e.g., PICOS, funding sources) and any assumptions and simplifications made. / 6
Risk of bias in individual studies / 12 / Describe methods used for assessing risk of bias of individual studies (including specification of whether this was done at the study or outcome level), and how this information is to be used in any data synthesis. / 6
Summary measures / 13 / State the principal summary measures (e.g., risk ratio, difference in means). / 5-6
Synthesis of results / 14 / Describe the methods of handling data and combining results of studies, if done, including measures of consistency (e.g., I2) for each meta-analysis. / n/a
Risk of bias across studies / 15 / Specify any assessment of risk of bias that may affect the cumulative evidence (e.g., publication bias, selective reporting within studies). / 6
Additional analyses / 16 / Describe methods of additional analyses (e.g., sensitivity or subgroup analyses, meta-regression), if done, indicating which were pre-specified. / n/a
RESULTS
Study selection / 17 / Give numbers of studies screened, assessed for eligibility, and included in the review, with reasons for exclusions at each stage, ideally with a flow diagram. / 6
Study characteristics / 18 / For each study, present characteristics for which data were extracted (e.g., study size, PICOS, follow-up period) and provide the citations. / 6
Risk of bias within studies / 19 / Present data on risk of bias of each study and, if available, any outcome level assessment (see item 12). / 9
Results of individual studies / 20 / For all outcomes considered (benefits or harms), present, for each study: (a) simple summary data for each intervention group (b) effect estimates and confidence intervals, ideally with a forest plot. / 6-9
Synthesis of results / 21 / Present the main results of the review. If meta-analyses are done, include for each, confidence intervals and measures of consistency. / 6-9
Risk of bias across studies / 22 / Present results of any assessment of risk of bias across studies (see Item 15). / 9
Additional analysis / 23 / Give results of additional analyses, if done (e.g., sensitivity or subgroup analyses, meta-regression [see Item 16]). / n/a
DISCUSSION
Summary of evidence / 24 / Summarize the main findings including the strength of evidence for each main outcome; consider their relevance to key groups (e.g., healthcare providers, users, and policy makers). / 9-12
Limitations / 25 / Discuss limitations at study and outcome level (e.g., risk of bias), and at review-level (e.g., incomplete retrieval of identified research, reporting bias). / 12
Conclusions / 26 / Provide a general interpretation of the results in the context of other evidence, and implications for future research. / 12
FUNDING
Funding / 27 / Describe sources of funding for the systematic review and other support (e.g., supply of data); role of funders for the systematic review. / Title page
Appendix 3. List of articles included in the review.
1. Arenella, C., B. Finke, T. Domer, J. S. Kaur, M. P. Merriman and A. Ousley. 2010. Adaptation, dissemination, and evaluation of a cancer palliative care curriculum for the Indian health system. Journal of palliative care 26: 15-21.
2. De Simone, G. G. 2003. Palliative care in Argentina: perspectives from a country in crisis. Journal of pain & palliative care pharmacotherapy 17: 23-43.
3. Distelhorst, S. R., J. F. Cleary, P. A. Ganz, N. Bese, R. Camacho-Rodriguez, F. Cardoso, H. Ddungu, J. R. Gralow, C. H. Yip, B. O. Anderson and Breast Health Global Initiative Global Summit on Supportive Care and Quality of Life Consensus Panel Members. 2015. Optimisation of the continuum of supportive and palliative care for patients with breast cancer in low-income and middle-income countries: executive summary of the Breast Health Global Initiative, 2014. The Lancet.Oncology 16: 137.
4. Doorenbos, A. Z., A. Kundu, L. H. Eaton, G. Demiris, E. A. Haozous, C. Towle and D. Buchwald. 2011. Enhancing access to cancer education for rural healthcare providers via telehealth. Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education 26: 682-686.
5. Downing, J., M. Leng and L. Grant. 2016. Implementing a Palliative Care Nurse Leadership Fellowship Program in Uganda. Oncology nursing forum 43: 395-398.
6. Jagwe, J. and A. Merriman. 2007. Uganda: delivering analgesia in rural Africa: opioid availability and nurse prescribing. Journal of pain and symptom management 33: 547-551.
7. Malloy, P., J. Boit, A. Tarus, J. Marete, B. Ferrell and Z. Ali. 2017. Providing Palliative Care to Patients with Cancer: Addressing the Needs in Kenya. Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing 4: 45-49.
8. Micheli, A., N. Sanz, F. Mwangi-Powell, M. P. Coleman, C. Neal, A. Ullrich, L. Travado, L. A. Santini, L. Grassi, F. De Lorenzo, A. Costa, J. -M Dangou, L. Bisanti, A. S. Costantini, N. Abu-Rmeileh, M. Kamal, M. Federico, R. Saracci, G. Rennert, A. Stefanini, F. Cavalli, E. Cazap, K. Redmond, S. O'Reilly, P. Muti, P. Casali, G. Gatta, A. Ferrari, S. Koifman, E. Bah, G. Pastore, R. Barr, C. Lombardo, C. Frazzingaro, R. Ciampichini, P. Baili, R. Tumino, V. Stracca Pansa, A. Faravelli, P. Giovenali, L. Viberti, T. Zanino, P. Marelli, F. Gil, L. E. Greeff, S. Eldre, M. El Mistiri, N. El Sahli, M. El Mangush, A. Attia, R. Shembesh, H. El Arafi, A. El Faidi, C. A. Vilanova Marques, Rivero De Gutierrez, M G, E. Niglio De Figueiredo, T. M. Piccinini Feitosa, R. Braun, I. Tomasini, J. Khader, P. A. Fobair, H. Soygur, D. Akbiyik, R. Otter, J. F. Dore, J. M. Borras, J. E. Hernandez, J. Fitzpatrick, B. Guillemette, N. Hermann, T. Holohan, J. Lovely, T. Moss, R. Obrist, J. Salmon Kaur, C. DeCourtney, M. Merriman, L. Mangone, M. Vicentini, C. Pellegri, S. Cilia, Ma Orengo, P. Crosignani, M. Budroni, F. Aurora, G. Fattore, M. Sant, F. Di Salvo, G. Zigon, A. Trama, R. Franklin Vasquez, M. E. Bonilla, F. Favini, F. G. Antillon-Klussman, M. Castellanos, P. Valverde, C. Garrido, F. Favini, S. -Y Loh, C. H. Yip, A. Passmore, C. Manicom, S. B. Sutcliffe, K. Sarwal, H. Torrance, C. G. Sutcliffe, C. Amati and I. Casella. 2009. International collaborations in cancer control and the Third International Cancer Control Congress. Tumori 95: 579-596.
9. O'Connor, M., J. A. Abbott and K. Recoche. 2012. Getting the message across: does the use of drama aid education in palliative care?. Advances in health sciences education : theory and practice 17: 195-201.
10. Shamieh, O. and D. Hui. 2015. A comprehensive palliative care program at a tertiary cancer center in Jordan. The American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Care 32: 238-242.
11. Steedman, M. R., T. Hughes-Hallett, F. M. Knaul, A. Knuth, O. Shamieh and A. Darzi. 2014. Innovation can improve and expand aspects of end-of-life care in low- and middle-income countries. Health affairs 33: 1612-1619.
12. Taroco, A. L.,Jr, T. C. Valente and C. S. Carbogim. 2017. Distance learning for updating health professionals in palliative care: a systematic review. BMJ supportive & palliative care.
13. Virani, Rose, Pamela Malloy, Connie Dahlin and Patrick Coyne. 2014. Creating a Fabric for Palliative Care in Safety Net Hospitals End-of-Life Nursing Education Consortium for Public Hospitals. J Hosp Palliat Nurs 16: 312-319.
14. Wager, J., B. Zernikow, R. Drake, D. Papadatou, B. Hubner-Mohler and M. Bluebond-Langner. 2013. International multiprofessional course in pediatric palliative care: benefits and challenges. Journal of palliative medicine 16: 96-99.
15. Wenk, Roberto. 2012. The state of development of palliative care in Argentina. Progress in Palliative Care 20: 208-211.