Circulatoryrespiratory Systems (Chapter 37)

CirculatoryRespiratory Systems (Chapter 37)

37.1The Circulatory System

• The circulatory system moves blood to all parts of the body.
• Functions of the Circulatory System

transporting ______, ______,______

collecting ______materials

maintaining body ______

• Circulatory system includes

- ______

- ______

- ______

• The heart is a ______that moves the blood through ______pathways.

The heart is made up of ______.

The heart has ______chambers:

2 ______: right & left atrium (______chambers)

2 ______: right & left ventricles (______chambers)

The heart is divided into two sides by the______

Right side = pumps ______blood to ______

Left side = pumps ______blood to ______

One-way ______separate chambers and prevent ______of blood.

______circulation occurs between the heart and the lungs.

______ circulation occurs between the heart and the rest of the body.

• Blood flow through the heart

(biggest veins)



 ______









 ______

 (biggest artery)



• The circulatory system ______materials throughout the body.

• ______, ______, and ______transport blood to all parts of

the body.

1) ______

carry blood ______from the heart.

blood under ______pressure

______, more muscular walls

Circulatory diseases affect mainly the ______and the ______.

artery walls become ______and ______

______blocks blood flow in arteries

1)______

carry blood ______to the heart

blood under ______pressure

______walls, larger diameter

______prevent backflow

______are enlarged veins that are raised above the skin.

______in the veins do not function properly causing blood to remain in the veins.

2)______

move blood between ______, ______, and ______.

______blood vessels______take place

• ______ is a measure of the force of blood pushing against

artery walls.

______pressure: left ventricle ______

______pressure: left ventricle ______

High blood pressure can precede a ______or ______.

37.2 Blood and the Lymphatic System

• Blood is a complex tissue that ______materials.
• Blood is composed mainly of ______, ______, and ______.

1)______

– approx. ______of blood volume

–Carries ______(amino acids, glucose) and ______

–______water

–Remainder consists of ______, ______, and other compounds

–Proteins assist in ______, maintaining ______and fighting

disease

______define blood types and Rh factors.

______blood group the most common

______can be negative or positive

blood types must be compatible for ______

2)______

make up ______of all blood cells

produced in ______

transport ______to cells and carry away ______

have ______and contain ______(binds with O2)

3) ______

approx ______along with platelets of blood volume

body’s ______against disease

some “______” pathogens by ______

some are ______(B-cells and T-cells) involved in ______

response

3)______

cell fragments that aid in ______

Platelets help form ______that control bleeding.

37.3 The Respiratory System

• The respiratory system exchanges ______and ______.

• Functions of the respiratory system

picks up ______from inhaled air

expels ______and ______

where ______takes place

• Structures of the Respiratory System

• Pathway of Air

1) ______(nose)

- ______warms and moistens air to prevent damage to lungs

- ______filter air and trap particles

2)______

- directs ______into respiratory tract and ______into digestive tract

3)______(voicebox)

-sound is produced when air is forced through ______

4)______(windpipe)

- located in the center of ______

- tube made of rings of ______

5)______

- trachea branches into left and right ______

- each bronchus branches off into smaller ______

6)______

- tiny ______at the end of bronchioles

- ______surround alveoli for ______(CO2/O2)

7)______

- right lung has _____ lobes; left lung has _____ lobes

- located inside ______(chest) cavity

- entire cavity is enclosed by the ______ = double membranes that secrete

______to reduced ______during breathing

• Gas exchange occurs in the ______of the lungs.

______and ______are carried by the blood to and from the alveoli.

oxygen diffuses from ______into ______

oxygen binds to ______in red blood cells

carbon dioxide diffuses from ______into ______

Breathing is regulated by the ______.

• Mechanisms of breathing

Breathing involves the ______and ______of the rib cage.

diaphragm = a layer muscle tissues beneath the lungs that ______or

______to help in breathing

• Respiratory diseases ______with gas exchange.

______is the leading cause of lung diseases.

Lung diseases reduce ______and ______absorption.

______destroys alveoli.

______constricts airways.

______produces sticky mucus.