Chemistry 1st Semester Exam - Review

Chapters 1 – 7

  1. Scientific Method
  2. Scientific Notation - Convert a number to scientific notation; take a number in scientific notation and write it as a decimal number.
  3. Know all metric conversions and metric prefixes.
  4. Significant Figures – Know what is meant by the significant figures in a measurement. Know rules for counting significant figures in measurements (page 24)
  5. Know rules for rounding off numbers.
  6. Know rules for using significant figures in calculations (multiplying and dividing, adding and subtracting).
  7. Problem Solving and Dimensional Analysis – be able to do all types of conversion problems.
  8. Be able to convert from Kelvins to degrees centigrade, and degrees centigrade to Kelvins
  9. Know the formula for density and how to use it to solve for density, volume or mass.
  10. Why do the densities of most substances decrease with temperature?
  11. Discuss the differences between physical changes and chemical changes. Use examples to illustrate these differences.
  12. Matter: Elements and compounds, mixtures and pure substances
  13. Energy, temperature and heat. Do problems with Joules. Ex How much energy in Joules and calories is needed to raise the temp of 5.6 g of Iron from 23 to 50 degrees Celsius?
  14. Discuss atomic structure – parts, location, charges, and masses. Be able to give the atomic mass, atomic number, # of protons, electrons and neutrons of an element and /or an ion.

Ex carbon – 13. How many protons, electrons, neutrons? Sodium? Sodium ion?

  1. What are isotopes? How do they determine the average mass number of an element/
  2. Periodic Table – know the info it contains: atomic number, mass number, types of elements, ionic charges.
  3. Ions – know how to determine charges on an ion using the periodic table; know how to name positive ions (cations) and negative ions (anions)
  4. What are the natural states of the elements in the periodic table (solid, liquid, noble gas, diatomic gas, etc.)
  5. Polyatomic ions – write formulas for them
  6. Distinguish between Type I, II, and III compounds.
  7. Identify compounds containing polyatomic ions.
  8. Write the name of a compound given its formula; write the formula given its name.
  9. What is the evidence for a chemical reaction
  10. Given a unbalanced chemical equation, balance it..
  11. Write a chemical equation from the name of each reactant and product and balance the equation.
  12. Predict products when given the names of the reactants
  13. Identify the types of chemical reactions. Give examples.
  14. Precipitation (double displacement)
  15. Acid-base
  16. Oxidation-reduction (includes single displacement, combustion, synthesis, decomposition
  17. Write a molecular equation, complete ionic equation and net ionic equation
  18. Labeling chemical reactions – g, aq, s, l
  19. Solubility rules – be able to use them to determine if a solid is formed from ions in solution.