Chemistry 461 Final Exam 2003
[5]1.Answer the following concerning Lab-on-a-chip technology:
What are the chips made of?
What are typical dimensions?
What kinds of separations are used?
What kinds of detection are used?
[3]Give three examples of specific mixtures that might be analyzed in this way (although not necessarily in the same run).
[3] What are the advantages of Lab-on-a-chip type analyses?
[12]2. Answer 4 of the following.
What is acousto optical deflection? What is its importance in a Lab-on-a-chip type analysis.?
What is PCR and what is it used for?
Why can higher voltages be used with Lab-on-a-chip type electrophoretic separations as compared to benchtop CE separations?
What extraneous (to the chip) devices are typically needed in Lab-on-a-chip type analyses?
How are electrodes incorporated into a chip? What is the advantage of this?
Describe a preconcentration method that can be used in conjunction with a Lab-on-a-chip separation.
What is photolithography?
[2]2.What problems have to be overcome to interface CE and MS?
[6]Name and describe a typical interface used for hyphenating CE and MS.
[6]If you had two polar compounds in a mixture, and you wanted to separate them and analyse them using mass spectrometry, what are the instrumental options available assuming you had a limitless budget. Give an advantage and disadvantage of each.
[4] 2. Answer ??? of the following
What is BSA and what is it often used for?
[9] 3.What are the various roles for surfactants in CE –think anionic, cationic, zwitterionic
Include an example of each.
[1]5.Why might you want to coat a capillary?
[3]What would be the properties of an ideal coating?
[2]What is a dynamic coating? Give an example.
[2]Choose another example of a coating – how is the coating applied?
[3]What is its function? How does it achieve it?- what is the mechanism?
[6]6.What are some limitations of CE?
What are some ways that have been recently used to get around these limitations?
[9]7.Draw a block diagram of a basic FIA system.
What are the advantages of using an FIA system for an analysis?
Discuss how diffusion is controlled.
Could all reactions be adapted to FIA – give reasons.
[15]8.“FTIR is a very versatile method for qualitative and quantitative analysis. A variety of sample cells may be used to accommodate different kinds of samples.
For quantitative analysis, various types ofspectral massaging can be carried out, and both univariate and multivariate analysis can be used as the situation demands.”
Please expand on the above statement. Include examples where possible. Particularly explain what is meant by the highlighted terms.
[6]9.The chem. 463 students were trying to build the following circuit, but are experiencing some problems. Each group tried to build the circuit, then read the current and voltage drop for each resistor The current and voltage values measured by the BLUE group and the RED group are shown underneath the diagram. Please diagnose the problem in each case. We expect that the problem is in the way the resistors have been inserted – one may be shorted or one may be ‘open’- not inserted correctly. There is one faulty resistor in each.
BLUE GROUPCurrentVoltage
R12.001 A106.0 V
R20.649 A114.9 V
R31.352 A0 V
R41.352 A114.9 V
RED GROUPR10 A221 V
R20 A0 V
R30 A0 V
R40 A0 V