Chapters16/17- Civil War Causes
Things to Remember
- Union/ North-
- Led by Abraham Lincoln
- Wanted to just keep U.S. together
- Had to keep Maryland in the Union because of Washington D.C.
- Strategy was to block Southern ports to prevent sale of cotton (King Cotton)
- Border states= Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri
- Union did not require every man over 18 to serve in the military
- Attributes
- Had more railroads then south (twice as many miles)
- Had most of the nation’s industry but did have agriculture
- Confederacy/ South
- Believed sale of cotton would get European aid (King Cotton)
- Mostly agricultural
- Advantage
- superior military leadership (Robert E. Lee)
- Disadvantages
- Did not have the industry of the north
- Slavery reduced men who could serve in the army
- Poor internal transportation (less railroad)
- Civil War/ Battles
- New technology made weapons for farther with more accuracy (more casualties)
- Minie ball
- Rifle
- Iron clad
- Start in 1861=Southern attack on fort in harbor of Charleston, S.C. (Fort Sumner)
- Antietam- most casualties in ONE DAY
- War was most destructive in South because most battles were there
- Southern surrender was at Appomattox Courthouse
- Vicksburg siege cut Confederacy in two at Mississippi River
- After loss at Gettysburg in 1863 the South would never cross into Union territory again
- War ended in 1865 with Lee surrender to Grant
- Confederate officers could leave with everything except weapons
- Lincoln
- Stated in 2nd address he planned to work toward peace and unity rebuild the Union
- Primary goal was to preserve the Union
- Exercised Judicial Review by ignoring Justice Taney’s ruling
- Unlike Davis, Lincoln didn’t believe the states had the right to leave the union
- Emancipation Proclamation
- Gave freedom to slaves living in the Confederacy
- shifted his goal in war from restoring peace to ending slavery
- led to 13th amendment of ending slavery
- Gettysburg Address
- Similar to the Declaration of Independence because it supported ideas of self-government human rights for ALL
- End of War
- More power was given to federal government
- People
- Carney, Bazaar, and Chamberlain all minorities who won a Congressional Medal of Honor
- Jefferson Davis was president of the Confederacy
- Alexander Stephens and Charles Sumner had differing ideas on slavery