Chapter 10.3: Unity and Sectionalism, pp. 321-327

Main Idea: As the nation grew, differences in economic activities and needs increased

sectionalism. Ch. 10.3 discusses the differences in the economic and political

interests of different sections of the country.

Define these terms:

1. sectionalism:

2. internal improvements:

3. American System:

4. disarmament:

5. demilitarize:

6. court-martial:

The Era of Good Feelings, pp. 321-322

1. The absence of major political divisions after the War of 1812 helped forge a sense of ______

______. James Monroe, the ______candidate for President, faced almost no opposition. The ______barely existed as a national party. Monroe won with an overwhelming margin.

2. What Federalist programs did Democratic-Republican Presidents James Madison, James Monroe & other Republicans support?

3. Political differences seemed to fade away, and these years became known as the ______.

Sectionalism Grows, p. 322

4. Which three sections were in conflict? Why?

5. Below, fill in major issues that created sectional conflict in this time period.

6. Southerners stressed the importance of ______.

John C. Calhoun, pp. 322-323

7. John C. Calhoun emerged as one of the chief supporters of ______, the idea that states have ______. Calhoun became an opponent of ______because they raised the price of manufactured goods. He also argued that tariffs protected inefficient manufacturers.

Daniel Webster, p. 323

8. Daniel Webster came to favor the ______ of 1816, which protected American industries from foreign competition. He favored policies he thought would strengthen the ______and help the ______.

Henry Clay, p. 323

9. Henry Clay became known as the national leader who tried to resolve ______through ______.

These three men debated sectional issued in Congress, as sectionalism began to erase the Era of Good Feelings.

The Missouri Compromise, pp. 323-324

13. Why did Missouri’s request for admission as a state cause great controversy?

14. The ______of 1820 (also called the Compromise of 1820) provided for the admission of ______as a ______state and ______(separating from Massachusetts) as a ______state. The agreement banned slavery in the rest of the Louisiana Territory north of the ______parallel.

The American System, p. 324 – This idea was designed to prevent another situation like the one that led to the War of 1812, by increasing American industry so we wouldn’t need as much overseas trade.

15. Whose idea was the American System? ______Explain each part’s purpose below.

Protective Tariff
Internal Improvements
National Bank

Who opposed the American System? Why?

McCulloch v. Maryland, pp. 324-325

16. Explain the debate involved in McCulloch v. Maryland and the final decision in the case. Why was the decision significant?

Gibbons v. Ogden, p. 325

17. Why was the court’s decision in Gibbons v. Ogden significant? What did it say?

Foreign Affairs and Latin American Republics, pp. 325-327

18. How did the Rush-Bagot Treaty and the Convention of 1818 settle problems with Great Britain?

19. What did the Adams-Oñís Treaty accomplish? What were the terms of the treaty?

20. How did James Monroe change the nation’s foreign policy? What was the Monroe Doctrine?