Chapter 7 Study Guide
1. What percentage of the earth do oceans cover? ______
2. The deepest part of the ocean is the ______zone.
3. The open sea contains ______% of surface area of the oceans and ______% of its plant and animal life.
4. The ocean zone that covers the continental shelf is the ______.
5. Most photosynthesis in the open sea occurs in the ______zone.
6. The twilight (dimly lit) zone of the open sea is the ______zone.
7. What percent of all marine species does the coastal zone contain? ______%
8. What are the functions of the mangrove swamps?
9. What tree is common to the tropical coastal wetlands? ______
10. Marine biologists have estimated that about ______% of the world’s coral reefs have been destroyed by human activities.
11. Lake overturns bring ______.
12. Lakes that have few minerals and low productivity are referred to as ______.
13. In lakes, the open-water surface layer is called the ______.
14. The amount of organisms in each layer of a lake depends on ______.
15. Depressions in the land that can be filled with water to form lakes may be formed by
16. In lakes, large numbers of decomposers are found in the ______.
17. In lakes, the nutrient-rich water near the shore is part of the ______zone.
18. What organisms are in the benthos aquatic organism category? ______
19. Why is life difficult for organisms in the intertidal zone?
20. Which aquatic organism category would algae be placed in? ______
21. A swordfish and a shark would fall under which aquatic organism category? ______
22. A standing freshwater life zone is called ______.
23. A flowing freshwater life zone is called ______.
24. What type of water do thriving coral reefs require?
25. Know the 4 major types of aquatic organisms (plankton, nekton, benthos, & decomposers) and be able to match organisms to each category.
26. Be able to match the 3 ocean zones (Euphotic, Bathyl, Abyssal) to the amount of sunlight available.
27. Know how lakes are classified by nutrient level (oligotrophic, eutrophic, and mesotrophic). Be able to match the name to the nutrient level.
28. Match the layer of thermal stratification to its definition.
29. Label the 4 zones of a lake.
30. Label an ocean diagram.
Ch. 14 Study Guide
1. List properties of water.
2. Overuse of groundwater can lead to…
3. Currently, groundwater in the United States is being withdrawn at ______times its replacement rate.
4. Desalination may be accomplished by ______and ______.
5. Approximately ______% of Earth’s water is fresh rather than salt water.
6. Only about ______% of the world’s total water supply exists as freshwater on or close to the surface and is readily available for human use.
7. Water scarcity during a period when precipitation is lower than normal and evaporation is higher than normal is called ______.
8. The term ______refers to sinking of the ground when water has been withdrawn.
9. Porous water-saturated layers of underground rock are known as ______.
10. Water scarcity from drying up of the soil because of deforestation or overgrazing is called ______.