Chapter 6 the American Revolution (1776-1783) Section 4 the War Is Won
NAME______
Chapter 6 The American Revolution (1776-1783) Section 4 The War Is Won
The French Arrive
• July 1780- French ______appeared off the coast of Newport, Rhode Island
• Carrying needed aid: soldiers commanded by Comte de ______
• The British soon arrived and ______the French troops
• Autumn 1780- Washington waited for a ______fleet of French ships
• Washington also kept an eye on the British army in ______that General Clinton commanded
• Washington planned to ______the British when the second French fleet arrived
• The French fleet did not set ______until summer of 1781
Washington’s Plans
• Washington heard that Cornwallis was camped at ______, Virginia
• ______kept them on the Yorktown peninsula
• Washington also learned that Admiral Francois de ______, the French naval commander, was heading toward Chesapeake Bay instead of New York
• Washington changed his plans and headed ______to Yorktown
• Washington kept his new strategy (plan of action) ______
Washington’s Secret Plan
• Washington wanted Clinton to think the Patriots still planned to attack the British in ______
• This would keep Clinton from sending aid to ______
• Rochambeau joined with Washington in July and the two armies moved ______
• The ______did not know where they were heading
• Troops marched ______miles in 15 days
• General Clinton didn’t detect the forces ______
• Three groups (Wahington’s, Rochambeau’s, and de Grasse’s) would meet at ______
The Siege of Yorktown
• The plan worked perfectly
• The British were ______
• End of September 1781- ______American and French troops trapped Cornwallis’ ______British and Hessian troops at Yorktown
• De Grasse’s fleet kept the Cornwallis from escaping by ______
• Clinton’s and the rest of the British army was still in ______
Battle of Yorktown
• October 9- Americans and French began a ______
• A Hessian soldier said “One saw men lying everywhere… whose ______, arms, and legs had been shot off”
• British ______began to run low
• British soldiers were ______and sick
• Cornwallis realized that the situation was ______
• October 19- Cornwallis ______his troops to the Patriots at the Battle of Yorktown
• Patriots took 8,000 British ______and more than 200 guns
After Yorktown
• Fighting did ______end
• The British still held Savannah, Charles Town, and New York
• A few more battles took place, but the victory at Yorktown convinced the British that the war was too ______to pursue (continue)
• Both sides sent delegates to ______to work out a treaty
• The United States were represented by Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and John Jay
• The American congress ratified (______) the preliminary treaty in April 1783 and the final version of the Treaty of Paris on September 3, 1783
The Treaty of Paris
• ______for the Americans
• Great Britain recognize the US as an ______nation
• The British agreed to withdraw all their ______
• The US also got ______rights of the coast of Canada
• The US agreed that the British merchants could collect ______that Americans owed them
• ______property was also to be returned
The Newburgh Conspiracy
• Washington’s army was headquartered in Newburgh, New York
• The Congress refused to ______the soldiers’ pensions and failed to provide them with other pay
• The army got mad and said they would use ______against the Congress
• Washington knew this was dangerous and he persuaded the angry soldiers to be ______
• Washington urged Congress to meet their ______
• Congress responded to Washington and met the ______
Washington Resigns
• November 1783- British troops left New York
• December 4, Washington said ______to his troops
• Washington formally ______three weeks later
• “Having now finished the work assigned me I retire… and take my leave of all the employments of ______life”
• Washington returned home to Mount Vernon, Virginia in time for Christmas
• He planned to remain and live ______with his family
Why the Americans Won
• They were ______on their own land
• The British had to send troops from ______of miles away
• The British depended on the ______and once the French blocked their ships they were helpless
• Americans knew the local ______and where to lay an ambush (Surprise attack)
• The British had trouble controlling the American countryside once they ______the cities
More of Why the Americans Won
• Help from other ______
• The French and Spanish helped the American cause
• The American Revolution was a ______movement
• It depended on the ______and spirit of all Patriots
Influence of the American Revolution
• The ideas of the Declaration of Independence influenced other ______
• The ______Revolution
• The French Colony of Saint ______
• The principles that “Men are born and remain free and ______in rights” guided these revolutions
Essential Question
• How did the Battle of Yorktown lead to American independence?
- The British losses at ______convinced Britain that the war was too ______to pursue.