Name / Portrait / Birth / Marriages / Death / Claim
James I
The Peacemaker King
24 March
1603–1625[84] / / 19 June 1566
Edinburgh Castle
Son of Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, and Mary I, Queen of Scots / Anne of Denmark
Oslo
23 November 1589
7 Children / 27 March 1625
Theobalds House
Aged 58 / Great-Great-Grandson and heir general of Henry VII
Charles I
27 March
1625–1649[85] / / 19 November 1600
Dunfermline Palace
son of James I and Anne of Denmark[85] / Henrietta Maria of France
St Augustine's Abbey
13 June 1625
nine children[85] / 30 January 1649
Whitehall Palace
aged 48 (beheaded)[85] / son of JamesI (cognatic primogeniture
Name / Portrait / Birth / Marriages / Death
Oliver Cromwell
Old Ironsides
16 December
1653–1658[86] / / 25 April 1599
Huntingdon[86]
son of Robert Cromwell and Elizabeth Steward[87] / Elizabeth Bourchier
St Giles[88]
22 August 1620
nine children[86] / 3 September 1658
Whitehall
aged 59[86]
Richard Cromwell
Tumbledown Dick
3 September 1658
– 7 May 1659[89] / / 4 October 1626
Huntingdon
son of Oliver Cromwell and Elizabeth Bourchier[89] / Dorothy Maijor
May 1649
nine children[89] / 12 July 1712
Cheshunt
aged 85[90]
Name / Portrait / Birth / Marriages / Death / Claim
Charles II
The Merrie Monarch
1660–1685[91]
Recognized by Royalists in 1649 / / 29 May 1630
St. James's Palace
son of Charles I and Henrietta Maria of France[92] / Catherine of Braganza
Portsmouth
21 May 1662
three children (none survived infancy)[92] / 6 February 1685
Whitehall Palace
aged 54[92] / son of CharlesI (cognatic primogeniture; English Restoration)

Chapter 4 – The Bonds of Empire

Essential Question: How did the relations between Britain and the colonies change throughout the time from 1660 to 1750?

  1. Rebellion and War in England
  2. What was England’s foreign philosophy change and how did it affect the colonies?
  1. What was the cause of the Glorious Revolution, and what was the effect on the colonists?
  1. What effect did the many wars with the French and other nations have on the colonists’ relations with England?
  1. Colonial Economy and Society
  2. What was the economic plan of the British regarding the colonies and what effect did it have on Britain’s relations with the colonies?
  1. Why was there massive population growth in the colonies compared to elsewhere in the Americas?
  1. What was the economic life like for the rural farmer in the colonies and how did slaves fit within the social structure?
  1. Where were the urban centers in the colonies, and what was society within those areas like?
  1. Competition for North America
  2. What were the differences in the French, English, and Spanish regarding their expansion in North America?
  1. In 1739 what were the causes of the wars between England, France, and Spain and how did it affect the English colonies?
  1. Public Life in British America
  2. How did politics fit in with the social life in the colonies?
  1. What affect did the Enlightenment have on society in the colonies?
  1. How did the Great Awakening change colonial society?

The Diary of a Settler

In a diary entry or two, explain your daily life as a member of colonial society. Choose whether you are a rural or urban dweller, whether you are white or black, and whether you are elite or poor. Consider your relations with other people in your colony, both socially and economically, as well relations with the British.