Unit 1-Physical Science Study Guide

Test Date Over Entire Study Guide: ______

Parent Signature: ______

Know the meaning of the following terms:

  1. chemical property- a characteristic of matter that can be observed only when matter is changed into a new kind of matter.
  1. density- how much matter is in a given space.
  1. mass-the amount of matter in an object.
  1. matter-anything that has mass and takes up space.
  1. physical property-a characteristic of matter that can be observed by the senses without changing matter into something new.
  1. states of matter-three forms that matter usually takes, solid, liquid, and gas.
  1. volume-the amount of space that matter takes up.
  1. How are the molecules arranged in matter that is in the liquid state?

The molecules slide past each other but, they are close together.

  1. How are the molecules arranged in matter that is in the gaseous state?

The molecules are moving rapidly and do not stay close together.

  1. How are the molecules arranged in matter that is in a solid state?

The molecules are packed together in a regular pattern and vibrating back and forth.

  1. What causes matter to change from one state to another? For example liquid water into steam.

Changes in temperature

  1. Complete this chart:

State of Matter / Shape / Size
Solid / Definite Shape / Fixed Size
Liquid / No definite shape / Fixed Size
Gas / No definite shape / No fixed size
  1. What are some examples of physical properties?

Color, shape, size, odor, and texture

  1. What tool is used by scientists to measure an objects mass? What metric units are used?

Balance measures in grams or kilograms

  1. What tools are used by scientist to measure the volume of an object?

Beaker, graduated cylinder, ruler.

  1. What does the physical property, density, mean?

How much matter is in a given space. You need to know the mass and volume of an object to find its density.

  1. What will a substance do if it is more dense that water?

It will sink.

  1. What will a substance do if it is less dense than water?

It will float.

  1. What are some signs that a chemical change has occurred?

The ability to burn or explode. The ability to rust/tarnish. The ability to change to something new when heated. The ability to change colors

  1. What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?

A physical change does not make any new matter, the matter simply changes state, size, or shape. An example would be recycling paper. The paper changes shape and even state, but it always remains paper.

A chemical change creates a new kind of matter. An example is burning paper- new matter is formed (smoke, ash).

  1. What makes rust?

Iron exposed to water over time.

  1. What happens to the weight of an object when it is broken down into pieces?

The total weight of the object equals the total weight of all the pieces.