Chapter 3: Nationalism and Sectionalism

Section 1: Industry and Transportation

Key developments in transportation in early 1800s:

 ______—roads where people pay tolls

Pay ______to make them/upkeep

 Highways

 ______—Robert ______

 ______

Technology and Industrial Growth

 ______-powered textile mills—first one by ______in New England

 ______—______—Mass. “______Girls”—people lived in boarding houses together and worked together

 Creates a ______and fast paced society

 Didn’t need much skill = more jobs but less ___

 First factories were thread or cloth, not finished clothing

 Sewing machines—______

 ______—______

Section 2: Sectional Differences

The North and Industry

 Starts using ______b/c ______cut them off

 Mostly in ______because lots of ______to build; ______not suitable for agriculture; ______for ______power

The North and Social Change

 ______to advocate for better ______and shorter _

 Middle class emerges—typically live in ______

Factory workers were NOT middle class
Starts ______in neighborhoods
Wives stay home

Influx of immigration from ______(potato famine) and ______. Settled in northeast

South:

 Cotton is in high demand “______” was slogan of the south’s economy

 Cotton spreads and leads to an increase in the demand for ______

Section 3: An Era of Nationalism

Nationalism—a glorification of the nation

1816 Congress establishes the ______—______was a huge advocate.

Supreme Court Cases:

______ (1819): Congress can enact any ______to achieve any ______in the Constitution

______ (1824): Congress’ ability to ______interstate ______includes intrastate commerce (within a state)

US establishes a ______economy where ______own the factors of production

Nationalism pushes art and literature

 ______—The Leatherstocking Tales; Last of the Mohicans

 The ______starts—school for artists—focused on ______

______—1823—______by President Monroe that pushed for ______to stay out of the ______—shows the US’s want for power

Slavery—the nation is divided at this point

 ______—1820—drafted by ______—northern district of Mass. would enter the Union as the ______state of ______and ______can be a ______state. Also drew a line across the continent from ______to the west coast depicting ______states v. ______states.

Section 4: Democracy and the Age of Jackson

1824 Election

 All 4 candidates were ______—people had to look into their ______views

 ______split so much that nobody had the majority so the ______had to decide who won (12th Amendment)



 ______beats out Henry Clay, Andrew Jackson, and William Crawford

 Splits the ______party

Those who supported Jackson called themselves ______

______—a strong nationalist-- wins election of 1828—campaign manager: ______

Jackson:

 ______fed gvmnt

 No interference with ______

 Rewarded people with gvmnt jobs who were Democrats—______

 States tried to remove Natives—Jackson supported this

SCC: ______—Georgia seizing land from ______is unconstitutional; fed gvmnt has treaty obligations to ______Natives and fed law overshadows state

 ______Act (1830)—trading peacefully with Natives land in the South for land in the West

1838 ______force Cherokees to walk west—______—4000 died on the journey

Section 5: Constitutional Disputes and Crisis

The North favored tariffs but south did not.

1828 Congress adopts a high tariff southerners call the ______—made to promote industry

______—Jackson’s VP—______the tax and pushed for states to nullify the tariff based on constitutionality.

1832 ______prohibits the collection of the tax and threatened to ______from the Union if the fed gvmnt if they tried to force them.

Calhoun resigned and became a ______.

Daniel Webster—Congressman—who said the Union is made up of the ______people, not ______and Jefferson had the right to use troops as a means of enforcing federal law (______)

Congress reduced the ______

Force Bill is ______

______avoided

Jackson was against the ______

Rich people liked it because it created a ______paper currency.

People who supported the bank were called ______, led by ______

Whigs are ______who want a ______central government.

______becomes president in 1836. Fed. gvmnt stopped taking ______money to buy fed. land so the value of the land dropped dramatically.

______and ______went under; wages dropped 30% and 1/3 of people lost their job.

1840 ______(Whig) wins presidency—died of pneumonia a month later.

John Tyler becomes Pres. and ______all Whig legislation.