Chapter 3-4: Towards Independence Back Ground Knowledge

3.2: “New England, Middle, Southern Colonies” pg. 36-37

Vocabulary: May have to write on back

Indentured Servant-

Assembly—

Cash Crops—

Puritans--

New England / Middle Colonies / Southern Colonies
Colonies (Names of)
Geography/Climate
Economic Activities

4.4: “Rights of Colonists”: pg. 52

Vocabulary: May have to write on back

Rights—

Parliament—

Petition—

Magna Carta—We will do together using context clues & text.

English Bill of Rights-- We will do together using context clues & text.

4.7 “Life for African Americans pg. 55

1. Most people in the New England & Middle Colonies, like Ben Franklin found that hiring workers when he needed them cost less than owning slaves. Why do you think that is?

2. In Southern Colonies, slavery expanded rapidly. From Virginia to Georgia, slaves helped raise: ______, ______, ______, and other cash crops.

Ch. 5: “Before 1763 & Early British Actions”

Ch. 5.2 “Before 1763: pgs. 64-68

  1. In the 18th century the colonial governments (governments in the 13 colonies) had powers such as:
  1. Vocabulary: Define the following 3 terms, AND correctly use them in a sentence that relates to this historical period.
  2. REPEAL—
  3. TYRANNY—
  4. BOYCOTT—
  5. MILITIA—
  1. THE FRENCH & INDIAN WAR (on back)
  2. 1) Describe the cause, 2) participants, and 3) who won.
  3. Why was the result of the “French & Indian War” viewed as a negative outcome for Native Americans in the Ohio River Valley?
  4. Treaty of 1763 determined what for France & and what for England?

5.3: Early British Actions

I. From 1763 to 1765, British parliament and King George passed three laws that affected the colonists. Complete the table to explain these events.

LAW / What did this law require colonists to do? / How did some colonists protest this law? / How did the British government react to these protests?
Proclamation of 1763 / Colonists argued in letters and articles that it was tyranny, an unjust use of government power.
Colonists had to buy a stamp for any paper they used including newspapers, certificates, and playing cards.
Quartering Act of (1765) / The British government refused to allow the New York assembly to meet until it complied (agreed to follow) with the law.

II. On the back of this paper explain what you think is the best argument for AND against each of these laws: Proclamation of 1763, Stamp Act, and Quartering Act. See overhead for example)

Chapter 5: Towards Independence Quiz 1

Over: Section 3.2, 4.4, 4.7, 5.2, 5.3

Vocabulary: Match the vocabulary word with the correct definition. Use the word bank to match words with definitions. May have to write on back.

  1. A person who signed an agreement to work for a master for a period of years often to pay for their passage to America, once the period of service was completed they were free.
  2. An elected group of law makers.
  3. Crops such as tobacco, sugar, cotton raised in large quantities in order to be sold for profit.
  4. People who wanted to “purify” the English Church, settled in Massachusetts.
  5. The lawmaking body of England, consisting of representatives from throughout the kingdom.
  6. To make a formal, written request of government
  7. Powers or privileges that belong to people as citizens & that cannot or should not be taken away.
  8. Charter signed in 1215 AD, that established the idea that power of the monarch (ruler) was limited, and that not even the king or queen was above the law.
  9. Put into effect in England in 1689, this act said that the power to make laws, and impose taxes belonged to the people’s elected representatives in Parliament.
  10. A small army made up of ordinary citizens who are available to fight in an emergency.
  11. The unjust use of government power.
  12. To take back or cancel a law.

WORD BANK FOR VOCABULARY

repealtyranny militiapetition

cash cropsIndentured servantMagna CartaAssembly

PuritansEnglish Bill of RightsrightsParliament

II. Match the description of the colony with the correct region.

  1. New England
/
  1. Middle Colonies
/
  1. Southern Colonies

  1. Made up of Virginia, North, South Carolina, Maryland, and Georgia. Economy based on plantations. Used large broad rivers for transportation inland.
  2. Made up of New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware. Lumbering, shipbuilding, large farms of crops and livestock were economic activities.
  3. Made up of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, & New Hampshire. Economy built up on small farms, lumbering, fishing, shipbuilding, and trade.
  1. In the 18th century the colonial governments (governments in the 13 colonies) had powers such as: (3 pts)
  1. Who fought in the French and Indian War, and who won?

18-21 / Proclamation of 1763 / The Stamp Act / Quartering Act
What did this law require colonists to do?

“AMERICA: THE STORY OF US” Episode 1 “Rebels”

Part 1: Vocabulary-Define the following words.

Alluvial-clay, silt, sand, gravel, or other material deposited by running water (rivers)

Aristocratic-government where power is held by the “best” individuals, or by a small privileged class

Coercion-to compel to an act or choice, usually achieved by force or threat

Contraband-illegal or prohibited goods or merchandise, items that are prohibited (not allowed)

Fledgling-immature or inexperienced person, one that is new

Infringements-to encroach (violate) on or trespass on someone’s rights or privilege

Labyrinth-an extremely complex or tortuous structure……a maze

Pre-emptive—the process of taking something (land) before others

The Proclamation Line-the crest of the Appalachian Mountains, King George ordered settlers not to go west or cross that line to avoid conflicts with the Native Americans

Wampanoag-Native American tribe that helped the Pilgrims out, leads to first Thanksgiving….and eventual Native American loss of land, property, and death

Famish—to cause to suffer severely from hunger, to cause to starve to death

Provisions—stock, food, or supplies needed; a measure taken beforehand to deal with a need.

Part II: Primary Source—Powhatan address to Captain John Smith, 1609

“I am now grown old, and must soon die, and the succession must descend in order to my brother Opitchapam, Opechancanough, and Kekataugh, and then to my two sisters, and their two daughters.

I wish their experience was equal to mine, and that your love to us might not be less than ours to you. Why should you take by force that from us which you can have by love? Why should you destroy us who have provided you with food? What can you get by war? We can hide our provisions and fly into the woods. And then you must consequently famish by wrongdoing your friends.

What is the cause of your jealousy? You see us unarmed and willing to supply your wants if you come in a friendly manner; not with swords and guns as to invade an enemy. I am not so simple as not to know that it is better to eat good meat, lie well, and sleep quietly with my women and children; to laugh and be merry with the English….

I, therefore, exhort you to peaceable councils, and above all I insist that the guns and swords, the cause of all our jealousy and uneasiness, be removed and sent away.”

“AMERICA: THE STORY OF US” Episode 1 “Rebels”

Part 1: Vocabulary-Define the following words.

Alluvial-

Aristocratic-

Coercion-

Contraband-

Fledgling-

Infringements-

Labyrinth-

Pre-emptive—

The Proclamation Line-

Wampanoag-

Famish—

Provisions—

Part II: -Primary Source—Powhatan address to Captain John Smith, 1609

“I am not grown old, and must soon die, and the succession must descend in order to my brother Opitchapam, Opechancanough, and Kekataugh, and then to my two sisters, and their two daughters.

I wish their experience was equal to mine, and that your love to us might not be less than ours to you. Why should you take by force that from us which you can have by love? Why should you destroy us who have provided you with food? What can you get by war? We can hid our provisions and fly into the woods. And then you must consequently famish by wrongdoing your friends.

What is the cause of your jealousy? You see us unarmed and willing to supply your wants if you come in a friendly manner; not with swords and guns as to invade an enemy. I am not so simple as not to know that it is better to eat good meat, lie will, and sleep quietly with my women and children; to laugh and be merry with the English….

I, therefore, exhort you to peaceable councils, and above all I insist that the guns and swords, the cause of all our jealousy and uneasiness, be removed and sent away.”

Part II: Vocabulary-Primary Source—Powhatan address to Captain John Smith, 1609 continued:

  1. What do you think was Powhatan’s overall message to John Smith? (Answer in complete sentences and offer examples from the speech.)
  1. What do you think Powhatan meant by: “you must consequently famish by wrongdoing your friends.” (Answer in complete sentences and offer examples from the speech.)

Part III: Video Worksheet Guide—Write your answers to the questions here.

1.13.

2.14.

3.15.

4.16.

5.17.

6.18.

7.19.

8. 20.

9. 21.

10.22.

11.23.

12.

Chapter 5: Toward Independence

5.4: “Townshend Acts” pg. 68-69

1. The Townshend Acts are:

2. Why didParliament pass the Townshend Actsto raise money for Great Britain’s army in the colonies?

3. Create a drawing or political cartoon to show how colonists, including Loyalists, reacted to the Townsend Acts. Make sure your illustration shows the influence of colonial women during this action. HINT WORD: Boycott

4. Lord North repealed the Townshend Acts because:

i. Now sketch the one item that was left out of the repeal:

5.5: “The Boston Massacre” pg. 69-70

1. Draw a Patriot’s view and Loyalist’s view of how the Boston Massacre began.

LOYALIST VIEW / PATRIOT VIEW

2. JOHN ADAMS defended the ______who were accused of klling colonists at the Boston

Massacre. Even though he was a Patriot, he believed in ______. He felt this

was “one of the ______I ever rendered to my country.”

”Chapter 5: Toward Independence

5.6: “Boston Tea Party” pg. 70-71

1. Rewrite this sentence to make it correct: “The Boston Massacre and the repeal of taxes under the Townshend Acts began huge protests across the colonies.”

2. Give one argument in favor of the TEA ACT (Loyalists view) AND one argument against the TEA ACT (Patriot’s view).

--FOR:

--AGAINST:

3.Write a newspaper headline about the Boston Tea Party from the points of view of a Loyalist and a Patriot. EXPLAIN YOUR HEADLINES. Include an illustration that would accompany the heading.

*The Loyalist times* / *The Patriot Press*
EXPLANATION OF HEADLINE: / EXPLANATION OF HEADLINE:

Chapter 5: Toward Independence

5.7: “Intolerable Acts” pg. 72-73

1. After the Boston Tea Party how did King George’s feelings changed toward the colonies:

2. Complete the table by recording 4 actions of the Intolerable Acts. Then take the point of view of a colonist and describe how each action might have hurt you (financially, personally, ect).

INTOLERABLE ACTS
(4 Things listed under heading “Parliament Punishes Massachusetts”) / HOW IT MIGHT HURT YOU (a colonist)

3. The colonists took several actions to oppose the Intolerable Acts. (List 3 examples given under heading: “The Colonies Begin to Unite”)

1.

2.

3.

4. FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS:

1. September 1774, some 50 leaders from 12 colonies met in Philadelphia

2. Patrick Henry urged the colonies to come together as one: “I am not a Virginian, but an American.”

*Few colonists were ready to think of themselves this way.

*MANY delegates at the First Continental Congress were actually Loyalists.

*The one thing that united delegates: There love of Liberty, and hatred of Tyranny.

5. In response to the Intolerable Acts delegates at the 1st Continental Congress decided to take the following 3 actions:

1.

2.

3.

Chapter 5 Study Guide

  1. Which of these groups gained territory in North America as a result of the French & Indian War? France Great Britain Native Americans
  2. Before 1760, how were the colonies governed?
  1. Which group of people benefited from the Proclamation of 1763? African Slaves British soldiers American Indians American Colonists
  1. After the French and Indian War, The British government had a large ______, as a result the British government decided to tax American colonists.
  1. Which group formed the Sons of Liberty? PatriotsLoyalistsBritish soldiersAmerican Indians
  1. What did the colonists resent most about the Stamp Act?
  1. Fill in the blank “Effect Box”, hint: What did the colonists do to try to get the act repealed?

CAUSE / EFFECT
“The Townshend Acts”
  1. The name Boston Massacre was given to the events of March 5, 1770 in order to create what:
  1. What was Great Britain’s response to the Boston Tea Party?The Stamp Act the Boston Massacre the Proclamation of 1763 the Intolerable Acts
  1. What are some ways that Great Britain increased control of the colonies?
  1. What was a goal of the First Continental Congress?
  1. Why did the colonists view the Proclamation of 1763 as an act of tyranny?
  1. How did colonists view themselves in 1774? Did they think they were: 1) United as Americans 2) Dependent on the King for all their needs. 3) Citizens of their individual colonies. EXPLAIN:
  1. How did Parliament respond to the colonists’ protests against the Stamp Act?
  1. How did many of the Loyalists view the Patriots? As brave soldiers as foreign invaders as ungrateful rebels as agreeable neighbors
  1. What became evident when the colonists and British troops clashed at Lexington and Concord?
  1. Look at the pictures on page 69 & 70. These are both reproductions of engravings by Paul Revere. Which historical event was Paul Revere’s engravings referring to?
  1. Looking at the men shooting in the first engraving on page 69. Which group of people do these men represent?British Patriots Loyalists Parliament Native Americans
  1. What reaction is Paul Revere trying to stir up through his engravings? Give examples of words from page 70, or details (pictures) from both engravings to support your answer.
  1. Who were the two opponents fighting each other in the French and Indian War?
  1. Which group of people played a significant role in the repeal of the Townshend Acts?
  1. Why did John Adams defend the British soldiers at the trial after the Boston Massacre?
  1. Which colony (and city) was the location of many of the events that led to the American Revolutionary War?
  1. Even though the Tea Act lowered the price of tea to below the Dutch competitor’s price, why were Patriots still upset with the act/tax?

LAW / What did this law require colonists to do? / How did some colonists protest this law? / How did the British government react to these protests?
Proclamation of 1763 / 25. / Colonists argued in letters and articles that it was tyranny, an unjust use of government power. / 26.
Stamp Act / Colonists had to buy a stamp for any paper they used including newspapers, certificates, and playing cards. / 27. / 28.
Quartering Act of (1765) / 29. / 30. / The British government refused to allow the New York assembly to meet until it complied (agreed to follow) with the law.
Towshend Acts (1767) / Parliament placed a tax on goods imported from Britain. These goods included glass, paint, paper, and tea. / 31. / 32.
Tea Act (1773) / 33. / The Sons of Liberty dressed as Mohawk Indians boarded three ships, and dumped 90,000 lbs. of tea overboard. / 34.

35. Suppose you were giving a speech at a Massachusetts town meeting in 1774. You are trying to persuade the community to join the rebellion against British rule of the colonies. Write a short persuasive speech thatdescribes

• how life in the colonies has changed since the British have taken a greater interest in the colonies.

• at least one act of the British government that has denied colonial freedom.

• at least one right that has been taken away due to British actions or policies.

• an action to be taken by the colonists.

Town Hall Meeting

PATRIOTS / NEURTALISTS / LOYALISTS
(Also called Whigs) were Americans who believed the colonies had the right to govern themselves. They were willing to fight Great Britain to obtain that right. / Had yet to support either the Patriots or the Loyalists. But by the time the Revolution began, many had changed their minds and joined one side or the other. / (Also called Tories) were colonists who felt a deep loyalty to Great Britain and the king. They were horrified by the idea of taking up arms against British troops.

INSTRUCTIONS:

1)Read your role card together and highlight key information you will present.

2)Prepare a short introduction of your figure by completing these statements.

MY NAME IS: ______

I am a: ______

I am a (Patriot/Loyalist/Neutralist) ______

I believe______

PREVIEW: 1759: During the French and Indian War…How do most American Colonists feel? P. 64

1st Meeting 1767: After the Early British Actions p. 66-67 (Proclamation of 1763, The Stamp Act, The Quartering Act)

1)The Proclamation o 1763 is fair/unfair because:

2)The Stamp Act was fair/unfair because:

3)The Quartering Act was fair/unfair because:

4)How should you and your fellow colonists choose to respond to the British government at this point in time?

  1. Comply (obey without question)
  2. Oppose (protest, boycott, write letters, BUT unwilling to rebel)
  3. Rebel (declare independence from Great Britain, and fight the greatest army in the world and risk losing everything, including you and your families lives).

2nd Meeting Late 1770: After the Boston Massacre & Towshend Acts p. 68-70

1)The Townshend Acts were fair/unfair because:

2)The repeal of the Townshend Acts was fair/unfair because:

3)The Boston Massacre was or was not justified because:

4)How should you and your fellow colonists choose to respond to the British government at this point in time?

  1. Comply (obey without question)
  2. Oppose (protest, boycott, write letters, BUT unwilling to rebel)
  3. Rebel (declare independence from Great Britain, and fight the greatest army in the world and risk losing everything, including you and your families lives).

3rd Meeting Late 1774: After Tea Act & Intolerable Acts p. 71-73