NAME ______
Chapter 29: Civil Rights
Focus
Brown v. Board of Education
· Supreme Court decision that segregated schools are unequal and must desegregate
· Included Virginia case
Key people
· Thurgood Marshall: NAACP Legal Defense Team
· Oliver Hill: NAACP Legal Defense Team in Virginia
Virginia’s response
· Massive Resistance: Closing some schools
· Establishment of private academies
· White flight from urban school systems
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
· Challenged segregation in the courts.
1963 March on Washington
· Participants were inspired by the “I Have a Dream” speech given by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
· The march helped influence public opinion to support civil rights legislation.
· The march demonstrated the power of nonviolent, mass protest.
Civil Rights Act of 1964
· The act prohibited discrimination based on race, color, religion, gender, or national origin.
· The act desegregated public accommodations.
· President Lyndon B. Johnson played an important role in the passage of the act.
Voting Rights Act of 1965
· The act outlawed literacy tests.
· Federal registrars were sent to the South to register voters.
· The act resulted in an increase in African American voters.
· President Johnson played an important role in the passage of the act.
Questions
1. What was the significance of Brown v. Board of Education?
2. What roles did Thurgood Marshall and Oliver Hill play in the demise of segregated schools?
- How did Virginia respond to the Brown v. Board of Education decision?
Select the letter of the term, name, or phrase that best matches each description. Note: Some letters may not be used at all. Some may be used more than once. (4 points each)
A. Martin Luther King, Jr.
B. James Meredith
C. Thurgood Marshall
D. Dwight D. Eisenhower
E. Fannie Lou Hamer
F. Stokely Carmichael
G. Lyndon B. Johnson
H. Malcolm X
I. Rosa Parks
J. John F. Kennedy
____ 1. spokesperson for the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party at the 1964 Democratic Convention
____ 2. NAACP lawyer who argued the Brown v. Board of Education case before the Supreme Court
____ 3. Black Muslim leader who urged blacks to separate from white society
____ 4. civil rights leader and minister who believed deeply in the power of nonviolent protest
____ 5. president who demanded that Congress pass a sweeping civil rights law but did not live to see it
Enacted
____ 6. president who appointed a committee to study the causes of urban violence
____ 7. veteran who became the first African American to attend the University of Mississippi
____ 8. activist whose protest helped spark the Montgomery bus boycott
____ 9. president who ordered soldiers to protect African-American students trying to integrate a white high school in Little Rock, Arkansas
____ 10. civil rights leader who became impatient with nonviolence and called for "Black Power"
Select the letter of the term, name, or phrase that best completes the statement.
A. boycott
B. sit-ins
C. schools
D. Rosa Parks
E. segregation
F. Plessy v. Ferguson
G. Thurgood Marshall
H. Morgan v. Virginia
I. Martin Luther King, Jr.
J. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
K. Southern Christian Leadership Conference
L. Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
____ 11. In 1875, the Civil Rights Act of 1875 outlaws ___. In 1883, an all-white Supreme Court would declare the act unconstitutional.
____ 12. In 1896, in ___, the Supreme Court rules that a Louisiana law requiring "separate but equal" public accommodations is constitutional.
____ 13. In 1952, ___, the head of the NAACP's group of lawyers, argues Brown v. Board of Education before the Supreme Court.
____ 14. In 1954, in Brown v. Board of Education, the Supreme Court declares ___ unconstitutional.
____15. In 1955, ___ is arrested for refusing to give up a bus seat to a white man.
____ 16. In 1955, in response, the Montgomery Improvement Association is formed to organize a ___ of
Montgomery buses, and Martin Luther King, Jr., is elected its leader.
____ 17. In 1957, following the Arkansas governor's refusal to obey the Supreme Court decision in ___, a
crisis occurs in Little Rock. President Eisenhower places the Arkansas National Guard under federal
control and orders paratroopers into the city.
____ 18. In 1957, the ___ is founded under the leadership of Martin Luther King, Jr., for the purpose of
carrying out non-violent campaigns against segregation and racism.
____ 19. In 1960, to make better use of young civil rights workers, the ___ is founded.
____ 20. In 1960, members of SNCC use ___ to desegregate lunch counters throughout the South.
Select the letter of the term, name, or phrase that best matches each description. Note: Some letters may not be used at all. Some may be used more than once.
A. Robert Moses
B. freedom riders
C. James Meredith
D. John F. Kennedy
E. Freedom Summer
F. Fannie Lou Hamer
G. Lyndon B. Johnson
H. Civil Rights Act of 1964
I. Voting Rights Act of 1965
J. Martin Luther King, Jr.
K. Selma to Montgomery march
L. March on Washington (1963)
____ 21. He led the Freedom Summer project in Mississippi.
____ 22. He spoke of his dream during the March on Washington.
____ 23. The Civil Rights Act of 1965 was passed during his presidency.
____ 24. Its goal was to persuade Congress to pass Kennedy's civil rights bill.
____ 25. He was the first African-American student to attend the University of Mississippi.
____ 26. They tested the Supreme Court decisions banning segregation on interstate bus routes and
facilities in bus terminals.
____ 27. By campaigning to register African-American voters, it hoped to attract national attention and
influence Congress to pass a voting rights act.
____ 28. This eliminated the literacy test and stated that federal examiners could enroll voters denied
suffrage by local officials.
____ 29. Televised scenes of violence during this event convinced Lyndon B. Johnson to ask Congress for swift passage of a voting rights act.
____ 30. He used federal marshals to protect the freedom riders on the last leg of their journey and to force the desegregation of the universities of Mississippi and Alabama.
Select the letter of the term, name, or phrase that best matches each description. Note: Some letters may not be used at all. Some may be used more than once.
A. Malcolm X
B. Black Power
C. Black Panthers
D. Nation of Islam
E. de jure segregation
F. Stokely Carmichael
G. Kerner Commission
H. de facto segregation
I. Civil Rights Act of 1968
J. Martin Luther King, Jr.
____ 31. This is segregation that exists by law.
____ 32. This banned discrimination in housing.
____ 33. Headed by Elijah Muhammad this organization was also known as Black Muslims.
____ 34. This is segregation that exists by practice and custom, not by law.
____ 35. The goal of this was to study the causes of the 1965 uprising in Watts.
____ 36. This is the type of segregation addressed by the Civil Rights Act of 1965.
____ 37. This political party was formed to fight against police brutality in the ghetto.
____ 38. This former minister of the Nation of Islam was shot and killed while giving a speech in Harlem.
____ 39. King objected to the use of this slogan because he believed it provoked violence.
____ 40. Not long before his assassination, a trip to Mecca helped to soften his attitude toward white people. He began preaching a message of "ballots or bullets."