PERIOD 7: 1865 - 1945
Chapter 27 –The Path of Empire (1890-1909)
(13th Edition Only)
The over-arching theme of Chapter 27 isThe Path of Empire that America took over new lands, mostly in the Caribbean and the Pacific.
Learning Objectives – After reading this chapter you should be able to:
- …explain why the United States suddenly abandoned its isolationism and turned outward at the' end of the 19thcentury.
- …describe the forces pushing for American overseas expansion, and the causes of the Spanish- American War
- …describe and explain the unintended results of the Spanish-American War, especially the conquest of Puerto Rico and the Philippines
- …explain McKinley's decision to keep the Philippines, and list the opposing arguments in the debate about imperialism.
- …analyze the consequences of the Spanish-American “War, including the Filipino rebellion against U.S. rule and the war to suppress it.
- …explain the growing U.S. involvement in East Asia, and summarize America's "Open Door" policy toward China.
- …discuss the significance of the "pro-imperialist" Republican victory in 1900 and the rise of Theodore Roosevelt as a strong advocate -of American power in international affairs.
- …describe Roosevelt's assertive policies in Panama and elsewhere in Latin America, and explain why his "corollary" to the Monroe Doctrine aroused such controversy.
- …discuss Roosevelt’s foreignpolicies and diplomatic achievements, especially regarding Japan.
- …analyze the long-term consequences and significance of the Spanish-American War.
Overseas Involvement (WOR)
Monroe Doctrine
French in Mexico
Pan-American Conference (1889)
James Blaine
Venezuela boundary dispute
Cleveland and Olney
Hawaii
Pearl Harbor
Queen Liliuokalani
Cleveland blocks annexation
Causes of U.S. Imperialism (WOR, ID)
International ·Darwinism
business and imperialist competitors
spreading religion and science
Josiah Strong
expansionist politicians
steel and steam navy
Alfred Thayer Mahan
nationalist media
Spanish-American War (WOR, POL)
Cuban revolt
Valeriano Weyler
"jingoism"
"yellow journalism"
De Lomé Letter
sinking of the Maine
Teller Amendment
"a splendid little war"
invade the Philippines
George Dewey
Rough Riders
Theodore Roosevelt
Treaty of Paris: Puerto Rico
Guam and Philippines
Emilio Aguinaldo
Anti-Imperialist League
Insular Cases
Platt Amendment (1901)
China Policy (WOR)
spheres of influence
John Hay
Open Door policy
Boxer Rebellion
U.S. joined international force
Second Hay Note
TR Policies (WOR)
"big-stick policy"
TR supports Panama
revolt
Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty (1903)
building the Panama
Canal
George Goethals
William Gorgas
Roosevelt Corollary
Russo-Japanese War
Treaty of Portsmouth (1905)
Noble Peace Prize (1906)
segregation in San Francisco schools
gentlemen's agreement
Great White Fleet
Algeciras Conference (1906)
Root-Takahira Agreement (1908)
To build your social science vocabulary, familiarize yourself with the following terms.
- arbitration - an arrangement in which a neutral third party conclusively determines the outcome of a dispute between two parties
- scorched-earth policy - the policy of burning and destroying all the property in a given area so as to deny it to an enemy
- reconcentration - the policy of forcibly removing a population to confined areas in order to deny support to enemy forces
- atrocity - a specific act of extreme cruelty
- proviso -an article or clause in a statute, treaty, or contract establishing a particular stipulation or condition affecting the whole document
- hostage - a person or thing forcibly held in order to obtain certain goals or agreements
- Americanization - the process of assimilating American character, manner, ideals, culture, and so on
- sphere of influence - in international affairs, the territory where a powerful state exercises the dominant control over weaker states or territories
- partition - in politics, the act of dividing a weaker territory or government among several more powerful states
- blue blood -a person of supposedly “pure blood," presumed to be descended from nobility or aristocracy
- bellicose - disposed to fight or go to war
- preparedness - the accumulation of sufficient armed forces and materiel to go to war
- corollary - secondary inference or deduction from a main proposition that is assumed to be established or proven
- indemnity A payment assessed to compensate for an injury or illegal action