Name: ______Per: ____ American Cultures 6.0, Mr. Gutsche

Chapter 27, Section 5 Notes: John F. Kennedy and the New Frontier

Goals of the New Frontier

Higher ______wage, Greater federal aid to______, Increased Social Security, ______care for the elderly, increased funding for space exploration, support for public housing, and ______measures

Successes of the New Frontier

•Slight ______in minimum wage

•Modest ______of Social Security

•Education acts supporting colleges and universities

•NASA and Space Programs

•What is the Equal Pay Act of 1963? ______

Failures of the New Frontier

•Over ______bills sent to Congress – less than ______passed

•Congress rejected federal aid for :

–Medical care for the elderly, K-12 education, cities, and mass transportation

•Reasons:______– Kennedy faced ______from southern democrats and conservative republicans

What did JFK do for Civil Rights?

What was JFK’s major domestic legacy?

What were major components of Kennedy’s Foreign Policy?

What social aid programs were created for foreign countries?

  • Peace Corps:
  • Alliance for Progress:offered ______and technical assistance to Latin American countries ($20 billion in aid) – a“Marshall Plan” for ______

Kennedy and the Vietnam War

•Pursued containment

•Supported the Southern ______gov’t against communist insurgents known as the ______

•First sent ______(Green Berets, Navy Seals), CIA, and military advisors

•Then, in 1963, sent 16,000 general ______to support Diem

•Diem’s regime______– failed to win ______of the people and he was______– for the rest of the war, South Vietnam was ruled by ______of its military

Kennedy, Khrushchev, and the Berlin Wall

•1961 – JFK met with ______in Vienna to discuss the future of Germany

•Khrushchev wanted a ______division and to force U.S. out of W. Berlin

•______East Germans had fled to West Berlin since end of WWII

•August 1961, Soviets built the ______separating East and West Berlin

The Bay of Pigs…

•Jan. 1, 1959 – Fidel Castro seized power in Cuba

•Many were sympathetic…

______

•Eisenhower and CIA

–Suspicious of land reforms

–Revoked U.S. aid

•Castro turned to the S.U.

•U.S. severed diplomatic relations

The Invasion?

•CIA trained and armed Cuban exiles for an invasion

•Kennedy inherited the plan – but decided against air force cover

•CIA thought there would be a popular uprising

•It was a disaster and an embarrassment to Kennedy

Cuban Missile Crisis…

•Most serious confrontation of the Cold War

•Castro fearing U.S. invasion asked for Soviet assistance

•S.U. sent intermediate range nuclear missiles to Cuba

•U.S. U-2 flights took pictures of missile silos –

•U.S. saw this as a direct threat to American cities

October 22, 1962 – Kennedy addressed the nation…

•Informed the nation of danger

•Demanded removal of all missiles

•Ordered a strict naval “quarantine” of Cuba

The Brink of War…

• 100,000 US troops readied in Florida to invade Cuba

•Oct. 26-27 Khrushchev ordered 25 Soviet ships away from Cuba – avoided confrontation

•Khrushchev offered to remove missiles if U.S. agreed not to invade Cuba

•Also wanted removal of American weapons in Turkey

•We complied – crisis over

Soviet ships on the way to Cuba…

Outcome of the Crisis…

•Khrushchev’s prestige hurt – Kennedy’s bolstered

•Hot Line set up between the two countries

•Limited Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty

–Prohibited above ground, outer space, and underwater nuclear weapons tests

–Underground testing – O.K.

The Assassination of JFK…

•Dallas, Texas – November 22, 1963

•Accused killer – Lee Harvey Oswald

•Two days later – Oswald shot and killed on national T.V. by Jack Ruby

•Chief Justice Earl Warren appointed to head a commission to investigate the killing – Warren Commission said Oswald was the lone gunman