Name:______

Chapter 22: The Civil War

Study Guide

Read Chapter 22: The Civil War and record the answers to the the questions below. You will turn this study guide in before the Unit Test.

22.1 Introduction

  1. What event marked the start of this war?
  2. What was the South fighting for?
  3. What was the North fighting for?
  4. What was a Border State?
  5. Which Border States joined the Confederacy? (4)
  6. Which Border States stayed in the Union? (5)
  7. Why was this the most painful type of war?

22.2 North versus the South

  1. List the Strengths and Weaknesses for the North and South going into the Civil War

Strengths / Weaknesses
Nor
t
h / (8) / (1)
S
o
u
t
h / (3) / (3)
  1. Based on the information in the chart, predict which side will be most likely to win the Civil War. Explain your choice.
  1. How did Abraham Lincoln use the ideals of the American Revolution and Declaration of Independence to support his cause?
  1. How did Jefferson Davis use the ideals of the American Revolution and Declaration of Independence to support his cause?

22.3 Bull Run: A Great Awakening

  1. Explain each of the 3 steps of the Anaconda Plan

  1. What did Northerners believe at the start of the war?
  1. What role did Rose Greenhow play in the battle of Bull Run?
  1. What role did “Stonewall” Jackson play at the battle of Bull Run?
  1. Who won the battle of Bull Run? How was this accomplished?
  1. List five roles for women during the Civil War. (Roles listed in the same sentence are discriptions of the same role, not separate roles)
  1. If you were a women at the time of the Civil War, which role would you choose to fill? Why?

22.4 Antietam: A Bloody War

1. What had the Union Army and Navy done in 1861-1862 to put each of the 3 steps of the Anaconda plan into action?

2. What did Lee do at this point in the war? Why did he do this?

3. Describe what happens in the battle of Antietam

4. Casualty counts for both armies

Number of Troops / Number Killed / Number wounded or missing
Union
Confederacy

Many Soldiers who fought in the battle of Antietam saw it as a defeat for both armies. Why? Cite statistic from the chart above to support your answer

5. Give 3 reasons (found in 3 separate paragraphs) why the death toll for soldiers in the Civil War was so high. Circle the reason that was the most deadly

22.5 Gettysburg: A Turning Point

  1. What did the Confederate retreat at Antietam, allow Lincoln to do?
  1. What did Lincoln make the purpose of the war when it began?
  1. Complete the Diagram below with information about the Emancipation Proclamation

Lincoln’s Reasons for issuing the Proclamation / What was the Emancipation Proclamation? / Effects of issuing the Proclamation
1
2 / 1
2
  1. What did Lee do in the summer of 1863? Why?
  1. Describe the events of the Battle of Gettysburg that happened July 1, 1863
  1. Describe the events of the Battle of Gettysburg the happened July 2, 1863
  1. Describe the events of the Battle of Gettysburg that happened July 3, 1863 (include what George Pickett did and whether he was successful)
  1. What was the result of this battle? How did it change the war?
  1. Why were Northern Democrats (Cooperheads) opposed to the war?
  1. Why were some northerners in Maryland opposed to the war? How did Lincoln act to control this group when they turned violent?
  1. Why did Lincoln go to Gettysburg in 1863?
  1. Write a quote from the Gettysburg Address that show how Lincoln connected his speech to the Declaration of Independence
  1. Why do you think Lincoln spoke about the war in words that echoed the Declaration of Independence?

22.6 Vicksburg: A Besieged City

  1. Identify 4 technological firsts that occurred in the Civil War
  1. What were the Merrimac and Monitor? What happened when the two met in battle?
  2. What was the result of this battle?
  3. How were ironclads used by the Union to gain control of the Mississippi river?
  4. What was the importance of Vicksburg?
  5. Describe the steps the Union took in its attack on Vicksburg
  1. As the war dragged on, many civilians in the South were suffering. Identify 4 hardships they faced

22.7 Fort Wagner: African Americans and the War

  1. Why didn’t African American fight in the war until 1862? What was announced in 1862 to change this? (hint its not identified in this section. THINK)
  1. What was the Massachusetts 54th Regiment?
  1. What happened to them at Fort Wagner?
  1. Fill in the Venn diagram to compare the experience of African Americans soldiers and white soldiers in the Union Army. Give 2 important similarities and identify 4 key differences.

22.8 Appomattox: Total War Brings an End

  1. Who did Lincoln finally find to lead the army to victory? When was he put in charge of Union troops?
  1. What was Grant’s view of war and strategy to bring it to an end?
  1. What happened to the number of Union troops in May 1864 as Grant invaded Virginia? Why didn’t it matter?
  1. Describe what General Grant meant by the term total war.
  1. Do you believe that total war was an appropriate war strategy? Why or why not?
  1. Explain what happened in Atlanta, Georgia all the way to Savannah.
  1. How would you feel if you were a citizen of Georgia during this attack? Explain
  1. What happened April 1, 1865?
  1. What happened April 9, 1865?
  1. Where did this happen?
  1. What Generals were there when it happened?
  1. What were the terms?
  1. Why did Grant order his men to stop celebrating?
  1. In what ways was a new country created as a result of the war?
  1. What were the costs of this war? (list 4)
  1. Why was the Civil War considered the first modern war?
  1. What conflicts were solved by the war? What would continue?