8th Grade

Chapter 2 Vocabulary – Intro to Matter

  1. matter – anything that has mass and takes up space
  2. chemistry – the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes
  3. substance – a single kind of matter that is pure, it always has a specific makeup
  4. physical property – a characteristic of a pure substance that can be observed without changing it to another substance
  5. chemical property – a characteristic of a pure substance that describes its ability to change into different substances
  6. element – a pure substance that cannot be broken down into any other simpler substance by chemical of physical means
  7. atom – the basic particle from which all elements are made
  8. chemical bond – a force of attraction between two atoms
  9. molecule – formed when atoms combine to make larger particles
  10. compound – a pure substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio
  11. chemical formula –shows the elements in the compound and the ratio of atoms
  12. mixture – made of two or more substances that are together in the same place but are not chemically combined
  13. heterogeneous mixture – a mixture in which you can see the different parts
  14. homogeneous mixture – so evenly mixed that you can’t see the different parts
  15. solution – an example of a homogeneous mixture
  1. weight – a measure of the force of gravity on an object
  2. mass – the measurement of the amount of matter in an object
  3. International System of Units – a universal system of metric units
  4. Volume – the amount of space that matter occupies
  5. Density – relates to the amount of mass of a material in a given volume
  1. Physical Change – any change that alters the form or appearance of matter but does not create a new substance
  2. Chemical Change – a change in matter that produces one or more new substances
  3. Law of Conservation of Mass – the fact that matter is neither created nor destroyed in any chemical or physical change
  4. Energy – the ability to do work or cause change
  5. Temperature – a measure of the average energy of random motion of particles of matter
  6. Thermal Energy – the total energy of all the particles in an object
  7. Endothermic Energy – a change in which energy is taken in
  8. Exothermic Energy – reaction that releases energy
  1. Kinetic Energy – the energy of matter in motion
  2. Potential Energy – stored energy an object has because of its position
  3. Chemical Energy – the internal energy stored in the chemical bonds between atoms
  4. Electromagnetic Energy–a form of energy that travels through space as waves
  5. Electrical Energy – the energy of electrically charged particles moving from one place to another
  6. Electrode – two metal strips attached to wires that are placed inside a solution as part of the electrolysis process