Chapter 4 Ancient Egypt and Nubia Study Guide

Name ______

Key Vocabulary- Definition /
Vocabulary Word
1. / Groups of rocky rapids in a river
2. / A fertile area of sediment deposited at the mouth of a river
3. / Skilled workers who practice a handicraft
4. / King or ruler in ancient Egypt believed to be a god on Earth
5. / A line of rulers from the same family
6. / A system of offices and officials that handle the business of government
7. / A writing surface similar to paper that was much better than the heavy clay tablets the Sumerians used
8. / The study of the structure of the body and its organs
9. / The buying and selling of goods and services

Main Ideas

  1. The Egyptian civilization began along the world’s longest river, the ______.
  2. The Nile’s floods created a narrow strip of fertile farmland on both banks and a large ______at its mouth. On either side of this fertile area lay vast deserts.
  3. ______ united Upper and Lower Egypt and became the first pharaoh. He also began Egypt’s first ______.
  4. Historians divided Egypt’s long history into three time periods called the ______, ______, and ______ Kingdoms.
  5. The ______ was the high point of Egyptian power and prosperity.
  6. ______ was a female pharaoh who built Egypt’s wealth through trade, not conquest or war.
  7. ______ was a warrior pharaoh who built many monuments during his long reign.
  8. Egyptians were ______ and often pictured their gods with ______ believing they shared the qualities of each, such as strength, speed, or bad temper.
  9. The most important Egyptian gods were ______(Sun), ______(Underworld), ______( love, caring, and protection), and ______(Earth).
  10. Egyptians believed in an ______ and that their bodies had to be preserved for it. ______ was the process of preparing the body for the afterlife.
  11. Egyptians developed one of the earliest forms of writing called ______. ______, officials who knew how to read and write, were highly respected.
  12. During the ______Kingdom, Egyptians built ______ to protect the bodies of the pharaohs and royal families. Although ineffective, their construction showed how advanced Egyptians were in mathematics and building techniques.
  13. The Egyptians made many significant discoveries in science, math, and ______. They were experts in engineering, astronomy, chemistry, and medicine.
  14. Egypt and ______ were important trading partners and were interdependent on each other. Over time, Nubia adopted many elements of Egyptian culture including their religion.

Essential Question

Describe the geography of Egypt and explain the importance of the Nile River to its people.

______

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