Name______

Review for Earth Science Mid-Term

I recommend reviewing this information in addition to reviewing old tests and quizzes for your midterm exam.

Chapters 11,12, and 13

1.Know that 99% of the atmosphere is made up of two primary gases, 78% Nitrogen and 21% Oxygen. What is Ozone, where is it, and what does it do?

2.Describe the different layers of the atmosphere. Explain how the atmosphere is warmed.

  1. Identify the states of matter change for water.
  1. Explain what wind is, how it occurs, and how it is named.

5.Locate the Earth’s major wind belts, identify what pressure exists at 0, 30, 60 and 90 degrees North and South Latitude. Describe the Coriolis Effect.

  1. Differentiate between Global winds and Local winds. What is the difference between Land Breeze and Sea Breeze?

7.Explain the relationship between temperature, relative humidity, and dew point.

  1. Differentiate between the different cloud types and describe the process of cloud formation.
  2. Explain the following terms and indicate how each one relates to the hydrologic cycle: evaporation, condensation, precipitation
  3. Differentiate between the 5 types of precipitation.
  4. Describe the characteristics of the 4 major types of air masses, what air masses affect the U.S., and where they come from.
  5. Explain the weather associated with Cold Fronts and Warm Fronts and why?
  6. Name and explain the instruments used to measure air pressure, temperature, and humidity.
  7. Describe air pressure and how it is found on a weather map.
  8. Interpret the weather on weather maps using Isobar lines, High and Low pressure systems, Weather Fronts and Station Models.
  9. Explain the processes and formation of both Air Mass Thunderstorms and Frontal Thunderstorms. Differentiate between the two.
  10. Compare and Contrast the characteristics of Tornadoes, Hurricanes and Thunderstorms.

Chapter 15 and 16 Oceanography Review Sheet

The following terms may appear on the test. You need to know them and detaisl about them!

  1. Fetch:
  1. Tsunami:
  1. Most waves caused by:
  1. Seismic Activity caused wave:
  1. Volcanic Island:
  1. Gyres:
  1. Upwelling:
  1. Seamounts:
  1. Salinity:
  1. Continental Shelf:
  1. Wavelength:
  1. Tides:
  1. Spring Tides:
  1. Trough, Crest, Wavelength:
  1. Mid-Ocean Ridge:
  1. Deep Sea Trench:
  1. Continental Rise:
  1. Continental Slope:
  1. Guyot:
  1. Abyssal Plain:

Chapter 17 Plate Tectonics/Boundaries Review

  1. What is the term that refers to the outer hard crust of the Earth and upper rigid mantle that is broken into pieces called Plates? ______
  1. What is the solid/plastic-like layer of the mantle called that the plates slowly move on called? ______
  1. What is the force inside the Earth that causes Plate movement? ______
  1. What is the name of the plate boundary where plates come together? ______Move apart/separate? ______Slide horizontally past each other? ______
  1. What will the result be at a convergent plate boundary of two continental plates? ______and ______
  1. What will the result be at a convergent plate boundary of an ocean plate and continental plate? ______; ______and ______. What is this process called? ______
  1. In question #6, if two ocean plates are converging, you will get the same results. However, there is one difference, what is that difference? ______
  1. Where will Mid-Ocean Ridges and Rift Valleys occur? ______
  1. What happens at a Transform Plate Boundary and what Geologic event happens? ______and ______Where is the most famous Transform Plate Boundary? ______
  1. How is Hawaii and Yellowstone different from all the Geologically active areas we studied? ______
  1. How is Hawaii different from Yellowstone? ______

CHAPTER 18 Volcano Review

  1. Understand that Volcanoes produce Igneous Rock Formations both Intrusive and Extrusive:
  2. Batholiths -
  3. Dikes -
  4. Sills-
  5. Laccoliths-
  6. Plutons-
  7. Lava Flows-
  8. Volcanic Necks-
  9. Volcanoes
  1. Know the characteristics and differences between:
  2. Shield Volcanoes-
  1. Cinder Cone Volcanoes-
  1. Strata or Composite Volcanoes-
  1. Caldera-
  1. Understand the difference between Subduction Zone Volcanoes vs. Hot spot and Divergent Boundary Volcanoes.
  1. What is the difference between Magma and Lava?
  1. What are the characteristic differences between Basaltic, Andesitic and Rhyolitic/Granitic magmas?
  2. Match the three different types of magma with the type of volcano and eruption?
  1. Know examples of shield, composite and cinder cone volcanoes.
  1. What characteristics about a magma result in an explosive volcano?
  1. What is a Caldera?
  1. Terms to Know:

Sill, Dike, Batholith, Laccolith, Pluton, Volcanic Neck, Subduction Zone, Shield Volcano, Composite Volcano, Strata Volcano, Cinder Cone Volcano, Lava, Magma, Basaltic Magma, Andesitic Magma, Rhyolitic/Granitic Magma, Silica, Tephra, Pyroclastic Flow, Rift Zone, Transform Plate Boundary, Caldera, Viscosity, Archipelago Islands, Hot Spot,

Chapter 19 Earthquakes

Vocabulary:

  1. Earthquake –
  1. Focus -
  1. Epicenter –
  1. Elastic Limit -
  1. Shadow Zone –
  1. Seismograph –
  1. Seismogram –
  1. Richter Scale –

Concepts:

  1. Name and explain the speed, motion and movement through the Earth of each type of Seismic wave.
  2. P –waves:
  1. S -waves:
  1. L –waves:
  1. Explain the internal structure of the Earth and how Scientists have determined its structure?
  1. Be able to analyze a Seismic Time-Travel Graph to answer questions about how Seismic waves travel through the Earth.